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Ashti language

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Ashti
Ashty
иштӀан гъай
Native toNorth Caucasus
RegionDagestan
Native speakers
600 (2010)[1]
Cyrillic script
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
GlottologNone
  Ashti

Ashti (Ashti: иштӀан гъай[1]) is a language or dialect that belongs to the Ashti-Kubachi group of the Dargin languages of the Northeast Caucasian language family.[2] It is spoken in the villages of Ashty and Dirbakmakhi [ru] in the south of the Dakhadayevsky District of Dagestan. In 2010, the population was estimated at 600 people, some of whom migrated to the plain.[1]

Despite the proximity of neighbouring villages of Kunki and Khuduts, their inhabitants and the inhabitants of Ashty speak different languages. It is believed that in the 13th-14th centuries, some of the inhabitants moved from the village of Anchibchi, located in the area of the present-day village of Kubachi and founded Ashty. This explains the similarity of the Kubachi and Ashty languages.[3][4]

However, the separation of Kubachi and Ashty, according to lexical statistics, should have occurred even earlier: more than a thousand years ago.[1] And about 100 years ago, the ancestors of the current inhabitants of Dirbakmakha moved from Ashty; there are no significant differences between the speech of the villages of Ashty and Dirbakmakha.[4]

Traditionally, the Kubachi language was considered a dialect of the Dargin language, and Ashty a subdialect of the Kubachi dialect. Modern researchers consider the Ashty language to be a dialect of Kubachi[4] or even a separate language related to Kubachi.[1] Kubachi and Ashty are not entirely mutually intelligible, with a shared vocabulary of approximately 89%.[1][5]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Коряков, Юрий (2021). "Даргинские языки и их классификация" [Dargwa languages and their classification]. In Майсак, Т. А.; Сумбатова, Н. Р.; Тестелец, Я. Г. (eds.). Дурхъаси Хазна. Сборник Статей К 60-Летию Р. О. Муталова / Ред. Т. А. Майсак, Н. Р. Сумбатова, Я. Г. Тестелец. М.: Буки Веди Дурхъаси хазна. Сборник статей к 60-летию Р. О. Муталова (in Russian). Буки Веди. pp. 139–154. ISBN 978-5-6045633-5-9.
  2. ^ Коряков Ю. Б., Сумбатова Н. Р. Даргинские языки Archived 2021-11-09 at the Wayback Machine // Большая российская энциклопедия, том 8. ― М.: Научное изд-во "Большая российская энциклопедия", 2007.
  3. ^ Сумбатова, Н. Р. "Дагестанские диалекты". polit.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2012-05-02. Retrieved 2025-10-24.
  4. ^ a b c Беляев О.И. (2012). "Аспектуально-темпоральная система аштынского даргинского". Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. Труды института лингвистических исследований (in Russian). 8 (2): 181–227. Retrieved 24 October 2025.
  5. ^ Беляев О.И. (2019). "Редуплицироваться-то редуплицировался, да не выредуплицировался: конструкции с повтором глагола в аштынском даргинском". Вестник Московского университета. Серия 9. Филология (in Russian) (6): 23–41. Retrieved 24 October 2025.