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Assyrtiko

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Assyrtiko
Grape (Vitis)
Color of berry skinBlanc
SpeciesVitis vinifera
Also calledsee list of synonyms
OriginSantorini
Notable regionsGreece
VIVC number726

Assyrtiko or Asyrtiko is a white Greek wine grape indigenous to the island of Santorini. Assyrtiko is widely planted in the arid volcanic-ash-rich soil of Santorini and other Aegean islands, such as Paros. It is also found on other scattered regions of Greece such as Chalkidiki.[1] Assyrtiko is also being grown by the Paicines Ranch Vineyard in the San Benito AVA of California with Margins Wine making the wine,[2] by Jim Barry Wines in Clare Valley, South Australia,[3] at the Abbey of New Clairvaux in Northern California since 2011, and at Kefi Winery in Monroe, North Carolina by a first generation Greek family.[4] The original Assyrtiko cuttings were imported in the USA in 1948 by Harold Olmo, grape breeder at the University of California, Davis, where they were stored until the abbey of New Clairvaux took interest in the early 2000s.[5]

On Santorini, many Assyrtiko vineyards are old and ungrafted (own-rooted), as the island is widely described as phylloxera-free. Vines are traditionally trained low to the ground in basket-shaped kouloura to help protect grapes from strong winds and sun exposure.[6][7][8]

Viticulture and terroir

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Santorini’s vineyards are often described as arid and windswept, with vines grown close to the ground in basket-shaped kouloura; roots can extend deep into ash-rich volcanic soils in search of moisture during long, dry summers.[6][8] A comparative study of kouloura and VSP training on Santorini reported that kouloura maintained a less-stressed vine water status and offered better protection during heatwaves and strong winds.[7]

Wine style

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The mineral profile of the grape bodes well for blending and in recent times it has been blended often with Sauvignon blanc, Sémillon and Malagousia.[1] Assyrtiko grapes clusters are large, with transparent yellow-gold skin and juicy flesh. In the volcanic soil of Santorini, there appear to be some unique characteristics that develop in the grape variety, and therefore in the wine. One of these characteristics is that Assyrtiko does not lose its acidity even if it is very ripe. Known for maintaining high acidity even in ripe years, Assyrtiko is noted for a "pronounced savoury profile, stony minerality and citrus freshness," according to Decanter, which contributes to its reputation as a food-friendly wine.[6] Santorini examples in particular are described as low-yielding and concentrated, with briny-fresh salinity and razor-sharp acidity.[8] Some wine writers and sommeliers also cite Santorini Assyrtiko’s aging potential.[9] Throughout Greece, the grape is vinified to make a variety of dry and sweet wines, including Vinsanto-like musky and syrup-sweet dessert wines. In Retsina, it is often blended with the less-acidic Savatiano grape.[10]

Synonyms

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Assyrtiko is also known under the synonyms Arcytico, Assirtico, Assyrtico, Asurtico, and Asyrtiko.[11]

References

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  1. ^ a b J. Robinson (ed) "The Oxford Companion to Wine" Third Edition pg 37 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6
  2. ^ Asimov, Eric (12 May 2022). "Are Sheep a Crucial Ingredient for Vineyards and Ecosystems?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  3. ^ "Jim Barry Wines produces first Australian Assyrtiko". 16 November 2016.
  4. ^ "Kefi Vineyards & Winery | Monroe, NC | Vineyards and Farms". 12 August 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
  5. ^ Mike Dunne, Dunne on Wine: Greek grapes take root in Tehama County, Sacbee.com, 2 August 2017
  6. ^ a b c "Assyrtiko". Decanter. 12 January 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2026.
  7. ^ a b Boiling, Chris (19 September 2023). "The training system for heatwaves?". International Wine Challenge. Retrieved 6 February 2026.
  8. ^ a b c Decanter Staff (18 July 2024). "Greece's wine renaissance: Styles to know and the top wines to try". Decanter. Retrieved 6 February 2026.
  9. ^ Saladino, Emily (22 February 2024). "Assyrtiko Ascendant: How Greece's Volcanic Wunderkind Became a Global Sensation". Wine Enthusiast. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 6 February 2026.
  10. ^ J. Robinson Vines, Grapes & Wines pg 261 Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1-85732-999-6
  11. ^ Assyrtiko, Vitis International Variety Catalogue, accessed 2010-11-23
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