Wiki Article
Calma (gastropod)
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| Calma | |
|---|---|
| |
| Calma glaucoides | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Nudibranchia |
| Suborder: | Aeolidacea |
| Superfamily: | Fionoidea |
| Family: | Calmidae Iredale & O'Donoghue, 1923 |
| Genus: | Calma Alder & Hancock, 1855 |
| Type species | |
| Calma glaucoides (Alder & Hancock, 1854)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Forestia Trinchese, 1881 | |
Calma is a genus of nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs or sea slugs, and the only member of the family Calmidae.[1] It is characterized by the lacks of an anus and radular teeth mostly fused into a band-like radular ribbon, a trait unique within a majority of the order Nudibranchia. These adaptations are largely a result of their diet of teleost eggs.[2][3]
Species
[edit]The genus contains two species:[1]
- Species Calma glaucoides (Alder and Hancock, 1854)
- Species Calma gobioophaga Calado and Urgorri, 2002
Taxonomic history
[edit]In 2016, a molecular phylogenetics study by Cella and colleagues placed Calma and other taxa in the family Fionidae.[2] In 2017, Korshunova and colleagues found this "super-lumping" of taxa inside the family Fionidae, as “Fionidae” sensu latissimo, to contain fundamental errors in its list of synapomorphies and to not provide a reliable morphological delineation or definition of the taxa it contained, as certain included taxa presented considerable morphological and molecular pattern differences from others that should grant the usage of narrowly-defined families, among them Calmidae.[4][3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Gofas, S. (2015). Calma Alder & Hancock, 1855. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-10-14
- ^ a b Cella, K; Carmona Barnosi, L.; Ekimova, I; Chichvarkhin, A; Schepetov, D; Gosliner, T. M. (2016). A radical solution: The phylogeny of the nudibranch family Fionidae. PLoS ONE. 11(12): e0167800.
- ^ a b Korshunova, Tatiana; Fletcher, Karin; Martynov, Alexander (2025-08-01). "The endless forms are the most differentiated—how taxonomic pseudo-optimization masked natural diversity and evolution: the nudibranch case". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 204 (4). doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf057. ISSN 0024-4082.
- ^ Korshunova, Tatiana; Martynov, Alexander; Picton, Bernard (2017-09-26). "Ontogeny as an important part of integrative taxonomy in tergipedid aeolidaceans (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) with a description of a new genus and species from the Barents Sea". Zootaxa. 4324 (1): 1–22. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4324.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
See also
[edit]- Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels. 50: pp. 180–213.
- Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). "Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2).
- Animal Diversity - University of Michigan
- Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
- Marine species database
- Proc. malac. Soc. London 15: 200
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