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Chandrachota
จันทรโชติ
King of Lavo
Reign1052–1069
PredecessorPrince of Laparaja
SuccessorNarai I
BornSuphanburi
Died1069 (1070)
Lopburi
ConsortPatima Sudhaduangchan
IssueNarai I
DynastyRamanwamsa
FatherChandra Devaraja

Chandrachota (Thai: จันทรโชติ) was a younger prince of Suphannaphum under Chandra Devarāja (จันทรเทวราช).[1]: 191  He ascended the throne of Lavo in 1052 and reigned until 1069,[2][3][4]: 78  and was supported by his elder brother Adityadhammikaraja (อาทิตยธรรมิกราช), ruler of Haripuñjaya, who waged a protracted five-year conflict against King Laparaja of Lavo,[1]: 208–220 [5]: 16–7  and successfully installed the younger prince, Chandrachota, as a new sovereign in 1052. Chandrachota's reign was contemporaneous with the period of extensive rebellion and political turbulence in Angkor, spanning approximately the 1050s through the 1080s.[6]: 138–139 [7]: 104 

Following the death of Chandrachota in 1069, the succession did not immediately pass to his sole heir, Narai I, because the prince was only 13 years old and therefore insufficient to assume sovereign authority. In consequence, the governance of Lavo was entrusted to a regency, which administered the kingdom on behalf of the royal heir for a transitional period extending from 1069 until 1082. Upon attaining maturity, Narai was duly invested with full royal prerogatives and formally enthroned as king.[2][8]: 40–2 

Biography

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Personal life

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Chandrachota, of Mon descent,[a] was the younger son of King Chandra Devarāja of Suphannaphum, with his elder sibling being Ādityadhammikarāja. Following the annexation of the Lavo Kingdom by Tambralinga in 927, Suphannaphum was subjected to an external incursion,[1]: 191  potentially by Tambralinga troops at Lavo,[4]: 70  compelling the two princes to seek refuge northward: the elder in Tak, and the younger in Lampang.[1]: 191 

Upon reaching maturity, Chandrachota subsequently contracted a matrimonial alliance with Patimā Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์), princess of Haripuñjaya,[8]: 37  by whom he fathered a son, Narai I.[8]: 40  Upon Chandrachota's death, Narai I, having attained the requisite maturity, ascended to the throne of Lavo in 1082 at the age of 25 and transferred the royal seat to Ayodhya.[8]: 40–2  The newly established polity became known as Xiān in Chinese and Đại Việt sources, whereas the original center at Lavapura continued to be identified as Lavo until the formal establishment of the Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1351.[9]: 44–53 

Political legacy

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Chandrachota's elder brother, Ādityadhammikarāja, was conferred the throne of Haripuñjaya in Chula Sakarat 405 (1043 CE) late in his life.[1]: 208  His brief five-year tenure was characterized by continuous military engagements with Lavo, which remained under Angkorian suzerainty, with the strategic objective of undermining Lavo's martial capabilities and economic resources.[1]: 208–20  Ādityadhammikarāja managed to install the younger prince, Chandrachota, as king of Lavo circa 1052.[8]: 37  This military campaign occurred amidst a period of recurrent insurrections within Angkor and the fragmentation of several vassal polities.[6]: 138–139 [7]: 104 

Approximately five years subsequent to his accession, Chandrachota confronted an incursion by the Pagan Kingdom. In light of Lavo's comparatively limited military capacity, he pursued a policy of dynastic diplomacy by arranging the marriage of his queen consort's elder sister, Kaew Praphan (เจ้าฟ้าแก้วประพาฬ), to the Pagan monarch.[5]: 18–9 [8]: 37–9  This alliance effectively safeguarded Lavo from the devastation that befell other polities along the western Menam Basin, including ancient centers such as Mueang Uthong, Suphan Buri, and Nakhon Pathom, which were abandoned or severely depopulated as a consequence of the Pagan campaigns.[10]: 41 [11]: 4 

Notes

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  1. ^ The Yonok Chronicle describes his elder brother Adityadhammikaraja (อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) as being of the Raman dynasty (Ramanwamsa).[1]: 208 

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Yonok Chronicle" (PDF) (in Thai). 1936. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  2. ^ a b "เมืองศรีเทพ-เมืองละโว้ นับถือ 'จันทรวงศ์'" [Sri Thep and Lavo cities worship 'Chandrawamsa'.]. Matichon (in Thai). 15 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2025-09-13. Retrieved 14 September 2025.
  3. ^ Sujit Wongthes (21 April 2023). "พงศาวดารอโยธยาศรีรามเทพนคร ฉบับ มานิต วัลลิโภดม : อโยธยา เก่าแก่กว่าสุโขทัย ต้นกำเนิดอยุธยา ต้นแบบรัตนโกสินทร์" [The Chronicles of Ayutthaya Sri Ramathep Nakhon, Manit Vallipodom Edition: Ayutthaya is older than Sukhothai, the origin of Ayutthaya, the prototype of Rattanakosin.]. www.silpa-mag.com (in Thai). Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
  4. ^ a b Thepthani, Phra Borihan (1953). Thai National Chronicles: the history of the nation since ancient times (in Thai). S. Thammasamakkhi. p. 30. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  5. ^ a b Huan Pinthuphan. "ลพบุรีในอดีต" [Lopburi in the Past] (PDF) (in Thai). Archived from the original on 6 July 2025. Retrieved 14 September 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. ^ a b Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  7. ^ a b Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 9781842125847
  8. ^ a b c d e f Northern Chronicle
  9. ^ Baker, Chris (2003). "Ayutthaya Rising: From Land or Sea?". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 34 (1): 41–62. doi:10.1017/S0022463403000031. ISSN 0022-4634. JSTOR 20072474. S2CID 154278025. Archived from the original on 30 June 2025. Retrieved 13 September 2025.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ^ Fine Arts Department. โบราณวิทยาเรื่องเมืองอู่ทอง [Archaeology of U Thong City] (PDF) (in Thai). Bangkok. p. 232. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-11-10.
  11. ^ Warunee Osatharom (1997). "วิวัฒนาการเมืองสุพรรณ: การศึกษาการพัฒนาชุมชนเมืองจากพุทธศตวรรษที่ 6 - ต้นพุทธศตวรรษที่ 24" [The evolution of Suphanburi: A study of urban community development from the 6th Buddhist century to the beginning of the 24th Buddhist century] (PDF) (in Thai).