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Defence industry of Croatia

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A manufacturing factory of tank turrets at Đuro Đaković in 2024

The defence sector of Croatia is an important part of the Croatian economy and the country's national security efforts.[1] It has expanded significantly since the 2020s due to economic initiatives and regional geopolitical risk.[1] Upon Croatia's accession into the military alliance NATO in 2009, its defence industrial base has focused on expanding production to meet NATO commitments and autonomous drone systems.[2] Protective gear, advanced robotics, demining hardware, and small firearms have historically been the highest-grossing military exports of the sector.[3]

As of 2024, the Croatian defence industry generated €600 million in annual revenue.[4] It exported €167 million in military assets a year later.[5] Through both public and private sector invovlement, this sector consists of 100 companies with a labour force of around 5,000.[5] The Croatian Armed Forces and NATO work closely with many defence contractors and manufacturers.[6][1]

History

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Croatia’s has material private sector involvement in the research and development of drone technology.[7][8] During the 2010s, helmets, assault rifles, advanced robotics, demining hardware, and pistols were the three highest-grossing military exports of the sector.[3] According to Poslovni dnevnik, Croatian companies have entered or expanded military production since the 2020s.[9] A media analysis noted that the Croatian defence output international reach is growing, especially through companies like DOK‑ING and Đuro Đaković, which sign major agreements and cooperate with EU funding mechanisms.[10] The Croatian military has tested Croatian-Estonian technology Vegvisir, a mixed reality digital mapping system that allows for ultra-low latency spatial visibility.[11]

It significantly expanded its military drone program through strategic procurements and domestic manufacturing of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in 2024.[7] During the 1990s the military was known for its covert aerial surveillance drone program, later becoming one of the first countries to use armed drones in active warfare in 1993.[7] Since 2025, it has a planned annual production of 500,000 combat drones as part of broader European and NATO rearmament.[1] Croatian robotics company DOK-ING was contracted by German arms manufacturer Rheinmetall to produce an advanced reconnaissance drone fleet for NATO countries.[6] In 2024, it purchased six armed Bayraktar TB2 drones from Turkey.[12] In 2026, the city of Osijek hosted a drone exhibition wherein Orqa announced a large-scale drone production facility in the United States, namely in Florida.[13]

Major defence companies

[edit]
Company Revenue (EUR, million) Employees Main Products
HS Produkt 149.15[14] 1,200–1,500 Small arms, pistols, submachine guns, VHS bullpup rifle
DOK‑ING 70.69[15] 230 Unmanned ground vehicles, MV‑8 Komodo UGV, mine‑clearing machines, electric vehicles
Orqa 12[16] 50–100 FPV drones, drone controllers, goggles
Šestan‑Busch 18[17] 300 Ballistic protection: helmets, body armor, vests
KING ICT 110,35 800 Cybersecurity solutions, communications systems, SIEM, unmanned aerial vehicles[18]
Đuro Đaković 133.8[19] 1,000–1,500 Bradley IFV modernization, Patria AMV 8×8 production, M‑95 Degman MBT, M-84 MBT
Brodosplit 120 2,300 Shipbuilder, offshore patrol vessels, naval programme[20]

Economic impact

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The Croatian defence industry generated €600 million in annual revenue in 2024.[4] It exported €167 million in military assets a year later.[5][21] From 2020 to 2023, the value of military exports grew from €111 million to €153 million.[3] Through both public and private sector involvement, this sector consists of 100 companies with a labour force of around 5,000.[5] The Croatian Employers’ Association reported that revenues of companies in the Croatian defence industry cluster reached €401 million in 2023.[22]

[edit]
  • Patria CRO30L IFV produced (Đuro Đaković)
    Patria CRO30L IFV produced (Đuro Đaković)
  • Autonomous drones (Orqa)
    Autonomous drones (Orqa)
  • MV-8 Komodo Mangart 25AD (DOK-ING)
    MV-8 Komodo Mangart 25AD (DOK-ING)
  • M-95 Degman MBT (Đuro Đaković)
    M-95 Degman MBT (Đuro Đaković)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Anušić, Ivan (May 20, 2025). "Croatia could lead in EU small combat drone production, says defence minister". vlada.gov.hr. Retrieved June 16, 2025.
  2. ^ Barišić, Marko (2025-05-22). "Croatia's secret drone history revealed: Leading the world back in 1993?". Hrvatski Vjesnik. Retrieved 2025-06-26.
  3. ^ a b c Tesija, Vuk (2024-01-02). "Croatia's Defence Exports are Growing in a Dangerous World". Balkan Insight. Retrieved 2026-04-11.
  4. ^ a b "Anušić: Hrvatska obrambena industrija dobiva snažnu potporu za prezentaciju na međunarodnoj sceni". morh.gov.hr. Retrieved 2026-04-10.
  5. ^ a b c d Petrović, Valentino (2026-02-27). "Croatia monthly briefing: Croatia's Military Modernization and NATO Engagement". China-CEE Institute. Retrieved 2026-04-10.
  6. ^ a b Bernhard, Bjoern (2024-10-28). "Rheinmetall, Croatia's DOK-ING eye joint venture for unmanned military vehicles". Reuters. Retrieved 2025-06-16.
  7. ^ a b c Barišić, Marko (2025-05-22). "Croatia's secret drone history revealed: Leading the world back in 1993?". Hrvatski Vjesnik. Retrieved 2025-06-26.
  8. ^ "Croatia - Aerospace and Defense". www.trade.gov. 2025-08-20. Retrieved 2026-04-11.
  9. ^ "Hrvatske tvrtke sve snažnije zanima i vojna proizvodnja". Poslovni.hr.
  10. ^ "Europa se naoružava, a hrvatska vojna industrija pojačava svoju prisutnost na međunarodnim tržištima". Poslovni.hr.
  11. ^ Saballa, Joe (February 20, 2023). "Estonian-Croatian Firm Tests New Combat Vehicle Awareness System". The Defense Post. Retrieved June 18, 2025.
  12. ^ Singh, Inder (November 19, 2024). "Croatia to Procure Six Bayraktar TB2 Drones for $95 Million". The Defense Post. Retrieved June 16, 2025.
  13. ^ Balukčić, Marko (2026-05-14). "Osijek ponovno u znaku tehnologije: Otvoren Drone Expo 2026 uz 26 izlagača i veliki drone show večeras". Baranja info (in Croatian). Retrieved 2026-05-31.
  14. ^ "HS PRODUKT d.o.o. Karlovac - kontakt, prihod, vlasnici, dobit | CroBIZ.net". crobiz.net. Retrieved 2025-11-19.
  15. ^ Šantić, Bojan Bajgorić (2025-06-12). "DOK-ING zbog velikog rasta mijenja organizacijsku strukturu radi lakšeg upravljanja". Forbes Hrvatska (in Croatian). Retrieved 2025-11-19.
  16. ^ Recursive, The (2024-12-13). "Croatian Orqa Secures €5.8M to Build the "DJI of the West"". TheRecursive.com. Retrieved 2025-11-19.
  17. ^ "ŠESTAN-BUSCH d.o.o." CompanyWall Business (in Croatian). Retrieved 2025-11-19.
  18. ^ Žabec, Krešimir. "OVO JE LETJELICA KOJA ĆE ČUVATI HRVATSKE GRANICE Bez slijetanja, za 9,5 sati preleti od Vukovara do Dubrovnika - i proizvod je hrvatske pameti!". Jutarnji list. Retrieved 18 April 2026.
  19. ^ "Đuro Đaković grupacija lani ostvarila 7,2 milijuna eura dobiti". Hrvatska radiotelevizija (in Croatian). Retrieved 2025-11-19.
  20. ^ "Brodogradnja Vojni program". brodosplit.hr. Retrieved 20 April 2026.
  21. ^ "Izvoz oružja iz Hrvatske lani porastao 20 posto". Izvoz.gov.hr.
  22. ^ "HUP: Veća izdvajanja za obranu povećala bi BDP". HRT.