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Kafr Shams

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Kafr Shams
كفر شمس
Town
Kafr Shams is located in Syria
Kafr Shams
Kafr Shams
Coordinates: 33°07′03″N 36°06′16″E / 33.11750°N 36.10444°E / 33.11750; 36.10444
Grid position253/280 PAL
Country Syria
GovernorateDaraa
DistrictSanamayn
SubdistrictSanamayn
Elevation
800 m (2,600 ft)
Population
 (2004 census)[1]
 • Total
12,435
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)

Kafr Shams (Arabic: كفر شمس, also spelled Kfar Shams or Kafr ash-Shams) is a town in southern Syria administratively belonging to the as-Sanamayn District of the Daraa Governorate. It is 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) northwest of as-Sanamayn, just east of the Golan Heights and situated between Damascus and Daraa. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kafr Shams had a population of 12,435 in the 2004 census.[1] The town's inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

History

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Byzantine period

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Kafr Shams experienced a construction boom during the rule of the Byzantine Empire, particularly during the reign of Justinian I, mostly focused on large rural housing.[2] The town was dominated by the Ghassanids, an Arab Christian vassal kingdom of the Byzantines. The Ghassanids built a major Monophysite monastery there around 570 CE.[3]

Ottoman era

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In 1838, Kefr Shems was noted as a village in the el-Jeidur district.[4]

In 1897, German archaeologist Gottlieb Schumacher reported Kafr Shams had a population of 600 Muslims living in 120 to 130 huts. Ancient ruins and subterranean arches were noted in the village and the two Ghassanid monasteries were still largely intact.[5]

Modern era

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During the 1973 Yom Kippur War, Kafr Shams was the scene of clashes between the Israeli Army and the joint forces of the Jordanian, Iraqi and Syrian armies.[6]

Civil war

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Main article: Syrian civil war

Many residents of Kafr Shams participated in protests against the Syrian government as part of the Syrian revolution.[7]

Religious buildings

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  • Old Mosque
  • Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque
  • Usama ibn Zayd Mosque
  • Abu Bakr al-Siddiq Mosque

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b General Census of Population and Housing 2004 Deprecated link archived 2013-01-12 at archive.today. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Daraa Governorate. (in Arabic)
  2. ^ Banaji, 2007, p. 17
  3. ^ Shahid, 2002, p. 203
  4. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd appendix, p. 149
  5. ^ Schumacher, 1897, p. 194
  6. ^ Thompson, p.235.
  7. ^ Syrians protest amid reports of army push on Deraa. The Daily Telegraph. 2012-03-05.

Bibliography

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  • Banaji, Jairus (2007). Agrarian Change in Late Antiquity: Gold, Labour, and Aristocratic Dominance. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199226030.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
  • Schumacher, G. (1897). "Notes from Jedur". Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 29: 190–195. doi:10.1179/peq.1897.29.3.190.
  • Shahid, I. (2002). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century: pt. 1, Toponymy, Monuments, Historical Geography, and Frontier Studies. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. ISBN 0884022145.
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