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Little Khural
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State Little Khural Улсын Бага Хурал ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ | |
|---|---|
.svg) | |
| Type | |
| Type | of the People's Great Khural |
| History | |
| Founded | 13 September 1990 |
| Disbanded | 29 July 1992 |
| Succeeded by | State Great Khural |
| Leadership | |
Chairman | |
| Seats | 5 (1924–1950) 53 (1990–1992) |
| Elections | |
| Proportional representation | |
Last election | 29 July 1990 |
| Meeting place | |
 | |
| Main Conference Room Government Palace, Sükhbaatar Square, Sükhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar | |
The Little Khural[a] or State Little Khural[b] was the presidium of the Mongolian People's Republic from 1924 until 1951 and then the standing legislature from 1990 to 1992. After the adoption of a new constitution and elections for the unicameral State Great Khural, the Little Khural was dissolved in July 1992.[1]
History
[edit]1924–1950
[edit]After the ratification of the 1924 Constitution and the establishment of the Mongolian People's Republic, the Little Khural was established, consisting of five members elected by the lower Great Khural. The chairman of the Little Khural was in effect the head of state, and the Little Khural elected the prime minister. The first session of the Little Khural began on 29 November 1924. It originally met two to three times a year, but in the 1930s, during the Stalinist repressions in Mongolia, this rate dwindled to once every two or three years. After 1937, it had only three members.[2] Towards the end of World War II, in solidarity with the Soviet Union, the Little Khural declared war against the Empire of Japan on 10 August 1945.[3] The Little Khural held its 32nd and last session in February 1950. In 1951, Mongolia amended its constitution and abolished the Little Khural.[2]
1990–1992
[edit]During the Revolution of 1990, the 1960 Constitution was amended to create a standing legislative body out of the existing People's Great Khural. This new Little Khural was to consist of 50 representatives selected by the Great Khural. Three-quarters of these members had to be chosen from among the members of the Great Khural. The seats in the Little Khural were apportioned amongst those parties participating in the elections by proportional representation. One seat equaled 5% of the vote.[4]
The State Little Khural met twice annually in 75-day sessions. The chairman of the Little Khural was Radnaasümbereliin Gonchigdorj (MSDP), who was also ex officio vice president; a vice chairman, Kinayatyn Zardyhan (MPRP); and a secretary, Byaraagiyn Chimid (MPRP).[4] It held its first session on September 1990 and was abolished in July 1992 by the adoption of a new constitution, which created a unicameral legislature called the State Great Khural.[2]
Post-election composition
[edit] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Party | Seats | |
| Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party | 31 | |
| Mongolian Democratic Party | 13 | |
| Mongolian Social Democratic Party | 3 | |
| Mongolian National Progress Party | 3 | |
| Total | 50 | |
| Source: State Great Khural | ||
See also
[edit]- Mongolian People's Republic
- Constitutions of the Mongolian People's Republic
- People's Great Khural
- Vice President of the Mongolian People's Republic
Notes
[edit]- ^ Mongolian: Бага Хурал, romanized: Baga Khural, pronounced [paq χʊ́rəɮ]
- ^ Mongolian: Улсын Бага Хурал, romanized: Ulsyn Baga Khural, pronounced [ʊɮsíːɴ paq χʊ́rəɮ]
References
[edit]- ^ "The State Baga Hural /1990-1992/". Parliament.mn – The State Great Hural /Parliament/ of Mongolia. 2017-01-30. Retrieved 2025-10-30.
- ^ a b c Alan J. K. Sanders (ed.), "Hural, Little" and "Hural, State Little", in Historical Dictionary of Mongolia, 2nd ed. (Scarecrow Press, 2003), p. 162.
- ^ Christopher P. Atwood (1999), "Sino-Soviet Diplomacy and the Second Partition of Mongolia, 1945–1946", Mongolia in the Twentieth Century: Landlocked Cosmopolitan, Bruce A. Elleman and Stephen Kotkin, eds. (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe), 147.
- ^ a b "Улсын Бага Хурлын Гишүүд /1990-1992/". Parliament.mn – Монгол Улсын Их Хурал (in Mongolian). Archived from the original on 2025-05-19. Retrieved 2025-08-01.