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Long March 4
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Long March 4 (LM-4) rocket family or Chang Zheng 4 (CZ-4) rocket family is an expendable launch system within the Long March (rocket family) and is operated by the People's Republic of China. Three configuration variants currently exist: Long March 4A, Long March 4B, and Long March 4C.
History
[edit]![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2025) |
The Long March 4 rocket was originally developed as a backup to the CZ-3 for launch of the geostationary satellites, but was later adopted for the launch of remote-sensing satellites into sun synchronous orbits.[1] CZ-4 was developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology.[2]
CZ-4 is built on the design of the CZ-3C vehicle using its first two stages. The third stage adopts a UDMH/N2O4 storable propellant system using two gimbaled rocket engines as opposed the LH2/LO2 stage third stage employed on CZ-3C.[3]
The Long March 4A (CZ-4A) has a length of 41.9 meters and a maximum diameter of 3.35 meters.[1]
The Long March 4B (CZ-4B) was introduced in the late 1990s for the launch of the Ziyuan 1 (CBERS 1) remote-sensing satellite. The CZ-4B is of similar design to the CZ-4A but adopts an updated payload fairing 8.48 meters in length and 3.35 meters in diameter to house large remote-sensing satellites.[4]
The Long March 4C (CZ-4C) was introduced in 2006 for the launch of Yaogan 1 reconnaissance satellites. The CZ-4C features an improved third-stage with multiple re-start capability to launch heavier satellites and multiple satellites on a single vehicle. Improvements include a third-stage using the YF-40A engine with multiple restart capability, enhanced propellant management, new flight computer and guidance systems, and an automated launch control system.[4]
Launch history
[edit]Launch statistics for the Long March 4 rocket family (through December 2025).
- Long March 4A
- Long March 4B
- Long March 4C
| Derivative | Status | First flight | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures |
| Long March 4A | Retired | 6 September 1988 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Long March 4B | Active | 10 May 1999 | 54 | 53 | 1 | 0 |
| Long March 4C | Active | 26 April 2006 | 58 | 56 | 2 | 0 |
See also
[edit]- Long March 2 – Chinese family of rockets
- Long March 3 – Chinese orbital carrier rocket
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Backgrounder: A quick guide to China's Long March rocket series". xinhuanet.com. 25 June 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2025.
- ^ Lei, Zhao (11 December 2025). "Triple liftoff: Long March rockets set a record". chinadaily.com. Retrieved 26 December 2025.
- ^ Wade, Mark. "Chang Zheng 4". astronautix.com. Retrieved December 27, 2025.
- ^ a b "Chang Zheng 4 (Long March 4)". China Space Report. Retrieved 26 December 2025.
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