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Picea polita
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| Picea polita | |
|---|---|
| |
| At Yamanakako, Japan | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Picea |
| Species: | P. polita
|
| Binomial name | |
| Picea polita | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
Picea polita (syn: Picea torano), the tigertail spruce or harimomi (Japanese:ハリモミ), is a species of coniferous tree in the family Pinaceae. It is native to Japan, occurring on the Pacific Ocean side of central Honshu, as well as Shikoku and Kyushu.[3]
Description
[edit]The harimoni typically reaches 30 m, developing a trunk diameter of around 1 m.[4] The crown stays broadly pyramidal in young trees, becoming rounded, domed, or flat-topped with age.[5] The primary branches are long, slender, and mostly horizontal, the secondary branches are shorter, numerous, and spreading to ascending. Vegetative buds are oblong, slightly resinous, with smooth, chestnut-brown scales that persist for several years.[6]
Leaves are arranged radially around the shoots, extremely stiff and sharply pointed, quadrangular in cross-section, deep green, usually 15–20 mm long, with several stomatal lines on each face. The unusually rigid and pungent needles are a defining character of the species.[5]
Distribution
[edit]On Honshu the species is distributed on the Pacific Ocean side of central Honshu, extending westward from Fukushima Prefecture, south through the Japanese Alps and the Kii Peninsula, and is absent from the part of Honshu west of Kyoto. Additional populations occur on Shikoku and Kyushu.[5][6]
It grows in mountainous regions, including the Kanto Mountains and Chubu Mountains, typically around 1,000 m above sea level.[7] The range extends from approximately 600 to 1,700 m, with records from as low as about 400 m and up to nearly 1,850 m, primarily on volcanic soils.[6]
Ecology
[edit]The tree is considered the most warm-adapted species within the genus Picea.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Katsuki, T.; Farjon, A. (2013). "Picea torano". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013 e.T34179A2849441. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T34179A2849441.en. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "Picea polita (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2022-04-20.
- ^ "ハリモミ(Harimoni)". Kyushu Forestry and Forest products Research Institute (in Japanese). Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ "Picea Torano". 雑草屋 (in Japanese). Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ a b c "Picea polita". Trees and Shrubs Online. Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ a b c "Picea polita". Conifers.org. Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ a b "ハリモミ". 森林科学園 樹木図鑑 (in Japanese). 森林総合研究所. Retrieved 3 February 2026.
External links
[edit]- Conifers Around the World: Picea torano - Tigertail Spruce.
Media related to Picea polita at Wikimedia Commons
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