| Spiny toad | |
|---|---|
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| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Bufo |
| Species: | B. spinosus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Bufo spinosus Daudin, 1803
| |
The spiny toad, spiny common toad, or giant toad (Bufo spinosus) is a species of toad native to the Iberian Peninsula, southern France, extreme northwestern Italy, and North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia).[2][3] There is an isolated population in Jersey in the Channel Islands which may be a distinct species, the Jersey Toad.[4][5] For much of the 20th century, it was considered either a synonym or a subspecies of common toad Bufo bufo, but it is now classified as a separate species.[2]
Diet
[edit]These toads feed on a number of invertebrates from earthworms to insects and woodlice.[3]
Description
[edit]Adult males measure 58.6–112 mm (2.3–4.4 in) and adult females 65–180 mm (2.6–7.1 in) in snout–vent length.[3]
_pair_in_amplexus_underwater_..._(35734914573).jpg)
Jersey toad
[edit]
| Spiny Crapaud (Jersey toad) | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Bufo |
| Species: | B. ?
|
| Binomial name | |
| Bufo ? | |
The Jersey Toad (locally known as the crapaud) is a debated species of toad endemic to the isle of Jersey, in the genus Bufo. Previously the Jersey toads were thought to be a population of Bufo bufo, however they were later found to be Bufo spinosus - this has later been called into question suggesting that the Jersey population could be a distinct species[7][8] within the Bufo genus, though this is still heavily debated, and thus the current consensus suggests the population consists of the spiny toad, Bufo spinosus.[9][10][11]
The Jersey toad would only be listed as an endangered species EN if a paper fully described it as a distinct species, otherwise it would be considered a locally endangered population of spiny toad (Bufo spinosus) and would be marked as least concern LC.
References
[edit]- ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2023). "Bufo spinosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023 e.T88316046A89696452. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T88316046A89696452.en. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2022). "Bufo spinosus Daudin, 1803". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ^ a b c "Bufo spinosus". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ^ Arntzen, J. W.; Wilkinson, J. W.; Butôt, R.; Martínez-Solano, Í. (2014). "A new vertebrate species native to the British Isles: Bufo spinosus Daudin, 1803 in Jersey". Herpetological Journal. 24: 209–216.
- ^ "Jersey Toad, Crapaud or Western Common Toad Bufo spinosus" (PDF). JARG (Jersey Amphibian & Reptile Group). Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2023). "Bufo ?". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023 e.T88316046A89696452. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T88316046A89696452.en. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
- ^ Wilkinson, John W.; Beebee, Trevor J. C.; Griffiths, Richard A. (2007). "Conservation genetics of an island toad: Bufo bufo in Jersey". Herpetological Journal. 17 (3): 192–198.
- ^ "Jersey toad is unique species, say experts". BBC News. 9 October 2014.
- ^ "A new vertebrate species native to the British Isles: Bufo spinosus Daudin, 1803 in Jersey". Herpetological Journal. 24 (4): 209–216. October 2014. }}
- ^ SPRINGETT, J.A. (January 1969). "A new species of Cernosvitoviella (Enchytraeidae) and records of three species new to the British Isles". Pedobiologia. 9 (1): 459–461. Bibcode:1969Pedob...9..459S. doi:10.1016/s0031-4056(23)00538-3. ISSN 0031-4056.
- ^ Wilkinson, John W.; Beebee, Trevor J.C.; Griffiths, Richard A. "Conservation genetics of an island toad: Bufo bufo in Jersey". Herpetological Journal. Retrieved 2025-11-22.
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