Petronas Twin Towers

Petronas Towers
Menara Berkembar Petronas
Nairekord na langkaw
Pinakahalangkaw sa sa kinában Puón sa 1998 hangan sa 2004[I]
Sinundan kanWillis Tower
Nalagpasan kanTaipei 101
Panginot na Impormaciones
EstadoKompleto
TipoCommercial offices and tourist attraction
Estilo nin ArkitekturalPostmodern Islamic architecture
KinamumugtakanJalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tagboan3°09′29″N 101°42′43″E / 3.158°N 101.712°E / 3.158; 101.712Tagboan: 3°09′29″N 101°42′43″E / 3.158°N 101.712°E / 3.158; 101.712
Pormal na pagkatogdas1 January 1992 (1 January 1992)
Nagpuon an Konstruksyon1 March 1993 (1 March 1993)
nakompleto1 March 1996 (1 March 1996)
nagbukas31 August 1999 (31 August 1999)
Inagurasyon31 August 1999 (31 August 1999)
Renobasyon15 September 2011 (15 September 2011)
GastusUS$1.6 billion[1]
KagsadiriKLCC Holdings Sdn Bhd
Langkaw
Arkitektural451.9 m (1,483 ft)[2]
Puró451.9 m (1,483 ft)
Bubòng378.6 m (1,242 ft)
Pinakaitaas na palapag375 m (1,230 ft)[2]
Mga Detalyeng Teknikal
Bilang kan Salôg88 (with 5 being underground)[2]
Hiwas kan Salôg395,000 m2 (4,252,000 sq ft)
Mga Lift/elevator38 (each tower)
Desinyo asin Konstruksyon
ArkitektoCésar Pelli[2]
ParagíboKLCC Holdings Sdn Bhd[2]
Inhinyero nin IstrukturalThornton Tomasetti & Ranhill Bersekutu[2]
Panginot na kontraktorTower 1: Hazama Corporation
Tower 2: Samsung Engineering & Construction and Kukdong Engineering & Construction
City Center: B.L. Harbert International
mga toltolan
[2][3][4][5][6]

An Petronas Towers, o Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: Menara Petronas, o Menara Berkembar Petronas,) kambal na skyscrapers sa Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Base sa Council on Tall Buildings asin Urban Habitat (CTBUH) iyo ini an pinakahalangkaw na bilding sa kinaban poon kan 1998 hanggang 2004 kan malampasan kaini an Taipei 101. An Petronas Towers iyo sa ngunyan an pinakahalangkaw na kambal na tore sa kinaban.

Ini an tandaan sa Kuala Lumpur, harani sa Kuala Lumpur Tower; na iyo man giraray an pinakahalangkaw na gusali sa Kuala Lumpur.

Kasaysayan asin arkitektura

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An sistemang pang-istruktura kan Petronas Towers' sarong tube in tube design na inimbento ni Fazlur Rahman Khan.[7][8] Dae na bago an pagkakaigwa nin mala-tubong istruktura para sa mga halangkaw na edipisyo.[9][10][11]

An 88 na eskalon na mga tore gibo sa konkreto, na may metal asin salming na atubangan na arog kan Islamic art, sarong repleksyon kan relihiyong muslim sa Malaysia.[12] Saro pang desinyo na may impluwensya nin relihiyon iyo an cross section kan mga tore na base sa Rub el Hizb, na may sektor nin serkular para makua an mga kaipuhan sa opisina.[13] An mga sektor nin serkular parehas sa irarom na parte kan Qutub Minar.

An mga tore dinisenyo kan taga-Argentinang arkitekto na si César Pelli. An istilong postmodern pinili para mabuo an 21st-century icon kan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. An pagplano sa Petronas Towers nagpuon lan Enero 1, 1992 asin nagkaigwang mga pag-aadal asin simulasyon sa duros an istruktura. Pitong taon an konstruksyon kan dating Selangor Turf Club, puon kan Marso 1, 1993 na may pagbungkal sa tabang kan 500 truckloads para makalot an 30 metres (98 ft) sa irarom.

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  • An mga tore sikat asin nagluwas sa pelikula kan 1999 na Entrapment, na dakol mga eksena sa tore lalo na sa skybridge. Ginamitan nin CGI an irarom kan mga tore.[14]
  • An mga tore nagluwas sa enot na episodo kan US TV series na 24.
  • Manlaen-laen man an mga eksena na nagluwas sa pelikulang Bollywood na Don: The Chase Begins Again na nakabali Petronas Towers asin skybridge.
  • Sa enot na parte kan episodo nin Phineas and Ferb na "Phineas and Ferb Save Summer!", an mga tore mahihiling sa musical number na "Summer All Over the World".
  • An Eidos Interactive ginamit nin duwang beses an mga tore bilang inspirasyon sa saindang video games. Kan 2002 an Hitman 2: Silent Assassin, an Malaysia-based levels Basement Killing, The Graveyard Shift, asin The Jacuzzi Job ginibo sa Petronas Towers.[15] Kan 2010's Just Cause 2, an piksyonal na Panau Falls Casino base sa Petronas Towers.
  • An 2002 episodo kan animated series na Jackie Chan Adventures igwang titulo na "When Pigs Fly" (Season 3, Episode 6), nagluwas an mga tore.
  • An 2002 episodo kan The Amazing Race 3 ("Why Did You Have To Take Your Pants Off?") nagluwas an Petronas Towers bilang sarong gibuhon na kun saen an mga naglalaban na grupo kaipuhan na makakua nin retrato sa atubangan kan mga tore[16] An mga tore nahiling giraray sa 21 na seasons kan The Amazing Race 24 ("Smarter, Not Harder").[17]
  • Nagluwas man an mga tore sa animated series na Totally Spies sa episodo na may titulong "Man or Machine".
  • An pagbubukas kan 2010 na pelikulang Fair Game igwang eksena na yaon an kambal na tore kaiba an skyline kanKuala Lumpur.[18]
  • Igwa man mga eksena sa pelikulang aksyon kan 2012 Hong Kong-Chinese Viral Factor na yaon an mga tore.[19]
  • Kan pelikulang Independence Day: Resurgence kan 2016, an mga tore hinulog sa London Tower Bridge kan mga alien, na igwang linyang: "They like to get the landmarks".[20]
  • Kan 2009 History Channel na orihinal na programa na Life After People, an mga tore nagluwas sa episodo na may titulong "Bound and Buried", sinabi na an mga tore makakaligtas sa haros na 500 na taon na mayong pag-asikaso nin tao dangan mararaot sa kahaluyan asin erosyon kan tropical na klima kan Malaysia.

Mga Importanteng Pangyayari

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Kan Abril 15 1999, si Felix Baumgartner nagkurit nin world record sa BASE jumping (since broken) by na naglukso sa bintana nin cleaning crane kan Petronas Towers.[21][22]

  • Ribong tao an nag-ebakwar kan Setyembre 12, 2001 huli sa bomb threat aldaw bago matapos an pag-atake kan Setyembre 11 na nagraot sa tore kan World Trade Center sa siyudad nin New York City. Mayo man nakuang bomba sa Petronas towers pero inibakwar an kadaklan. An mga trabahador asin parabakal tinutugutan na magbalik tolong oras makalihis mga bandang odto. Mayong nakulugan kan pagka-ebakwar.[23]
  • Kan Nobyembre 4, 2005 nin banggi, sarong kasulo an nangyari sa cinema complex kan Suria KLCC shopping centre sa baba kan Petronas Towers, na nagkawsa nin panic sa mga tawo. Mayong naikurit na mga nakulugan sa insidente. An mga edipisyo mayong tawo, pwera sa shopping mall, an Suria KLCC huli sa banggi na ; an mga taong yaon sana iyo an mga paradalan nin sine asin mga nagkakan sa restawran.[24]
  • Kan aga nin Setyembre 1, 2009, an sarong Pranses na mountaineer na si Alain "Spiderman" Robert,nagsakat na mayong kagamitan na pangkaligtasan gamit lang an saiyang mga kamot asin bitis, naabot niya an tuktok sa duwang oras matapos an mga pagprobar na nagpangyari na siya maaresto.[25] An enot niyang pagprobar kan Marso 20 ,1997 an mga pulis dinakop siya sa ika-60 na iskalon, 28 na iskalon an rayo sa "tuktok. An ikaduwang pagprobar kan Marso 20, 2007, eksaktong 10 taon na an nakalihis, na pinapundo sa parehas na iskalon kan balyong tore.[26]

An floor plan

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Mga Lebel Tore 1 Tore 2
88 Mechanical
87
86 Lounge Observatory Deck
85 Boardroom Multimedia Conference Room
84M3 Mechanical
84M2
84M1
84
83 Lounge Observatory Deck Gift Shop
82 Office Zone 5
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73 Office Zone 4
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60 Office Zone 3
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42 Sky Bridge connected to Tower 2, Sky Lobby Sky Bridge connected to Tower 1, Sky Lobby, Malaysian Petroleum Club
41
40 Conference Centre, Executive Dining Room
39 Mechanical
38
37 Conference Centre
36 Office Zone 2
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23 Office Zone 1
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7 Mechanical
6
5 Petronas Petroleum Resource Centre, Petrosains Discovery Centre Petrosains Discovery Centre
4
3 Surau Al-Muhsinin Petronas Art Gallery
2 Petronas Philharmonic Hall
1 Entrance Lobby
Ground Level
Concourse Mezzanine Mechanical, Loading Dock
Concourse Level Observatory Deck Entrance, Gift Shop, Petronas Cards Centre, Mesra Shoppe, Twin Towers Fitness Centre
P1 Carpark, Mechanical
P2
P3
P4
P5

An Suria KLCC

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An Suria KLCC igwang 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft) na upmarket retail center sa pamitisan kan Petronas Towers.Igwa ini nin mga foreign luxury goods asin high-street labels. Igwa ini nin art gallery, underwater aquarium asin Science center. Na igwang haros 300 na mga tindahan,an Suria KLCC an saro sa mga pinakadakulang mall sa Malaysia.[27] An Petronas Philharmonic Hall, na nakatugdok sa puon kan mga tore, parating tigtatakod sa floorspace kan Suria KLCC.

Toltolan

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  1. ↑ "25 world-famous skyscrapers". cnn.com. CNN Travel. 6 August 2013. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 "Petronas Towers – The Skyscraper Center". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Archived from the original on 24 May 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ [[#ref_emporis{{{3}}}|^]] Petronas Twin Towers at Emporis
  4. ↑ Petronas Twin Towers at Glass Steel and Stone (archived)
  5. ↑ "Petronas Twin Towers". SkyscraperPage. 
  6. ↑ Petronas Twin Towers at Structurae
  7. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2018-07-24. Retrieved 2020-11-30. 
  8. ↑ Lee, P. K. K. (January 1997). Structures in the New Millennium. ISBN 9789054108986. 
  9. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ "know about". Constructing world. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 16 February 2018.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ Wee, C. J. Wan-Ling, April Stonghold, James Parpan Almeda (2002). Local cultures and the "new Asia": the state, culture, and capitalism in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 193.
  13. ↑ Moskal, Greg (2004). Modern Buildings: Identifying Bilateral and Rotational Symmetry. New York: Rosen Classroom. p. 28. ISBN 0-8239-8989-5. 
  14. ↑ "BBC News - Entertainment - Entrapment rapped by Malaysian PM". news.bbc.co.uk. 
  15. ↑ "Hitman 2 Silent Assassin Prima Official eGuide". Scribd.com. 26 December 2012. Retrieved 14 June 2013. 
  16. ↑ Balderas, Christopher (30 August 2018). "20 Of The Sickest Places Featured On The Amazing Race (That We Can Visit Too)". TheTravel. Retrieved 8 January 2020. 
  17. ↑ Kwiatkowski, Elizabeth (17 March 2014). "'The Amazing Race: All-Stars' "Newlyweds" team Brendon Villegas and Rachel Reilly survive non-elimination leg". Reality TV World. Retrieved 8 January 2020. 
  18. ↑ https://musamonga.com/2017/05/03/5-hollywood-films-in-malaysia/ Hollywood movies shot in Malaysia
  19. ↑ http://www.hkmdb.com/db/movies/view.mhtml?id=14703&display_set=eng Viral Factor
  20. ↑ https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/04/141082/petronas-twin-towers-features-independence-day-sequel-its-not-good-news Independence Day: Resurgence
  21. ↑ Crerar, Simon (15 October 2012). "Planes, caves and skyscrapers among fearless skydiver Felix Baumgartner's fabulous feats". Herald Sun. Retrieved 21 October 2012. 
  22. ↑ "Petronas Towers (451 Meters), Malaysia". felixbaumgartner.com. Felix Baumgartner. Archived from the original on 22 September 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  23. ↑ Sean Yoong (12 September 2001). "World's tallest towers, IBM building in Malaysia evacuated after threats". The Avalanche Journal. Archived from the original on 19 July 2012. https://archive.is/20120719154930/http://www.avalanchejournal.com/stories/091201/upd_worldevacs.shtml. Retrieved on 11 January 2011. 
  24. ↑ "Fire Forces Evacuation at Malaysia Towers". CBS News. 4 November 2005. https://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/11/04/ap/world/mainD8DLSFK00.shtml. Retrieved on 11 January 2011. 
  25. ↑ staff writers (1 September 2009). "'Spiderman' scales Malaysia tower". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8231076.stm. Retrieved on 11 January 2011. 
  26. ↑ St (20 March 2007). "'Spiderman' has another go at Twin Tower". The Star. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110622031327/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2007%2F3%2F21%2Fnation%2F17205712&sec=nation. Retrieved on 11 January 2011. 
  27. ↑ de Ledesma, Charles; Lewis, Mark; Savage, Pauline (2003). Rough guide to Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei. New York; London; Delphi: Rough Guides. p. 132. ISBN 1-84353-094-5.