Reyna kan Sheba

Si Betty Blythe poon sa American film na The Queen of Sheba (1921). An ladawan na bahagi nin sarong ad para sa Neet, sarong produkto nin pagtanggal kan buhok, na na-crop para sa ad, sa pahina 107 ng June 1922 Photoplay Magazine.

An Reyna nin Sheba (Hebreo: מַלְכַּת שְׁבָא‎, romanized: Malkaṯ Səḇāʾ; Arabic: ملكة سبأ, romanized: Malikat Sabaʾ; Ge'ez: ንግሳተ na nasambitan an inot na pigura sa Saśbaʾ) Bibliyang Hebreo. Sa orihinal na istorya, nagdadara siya nin caravan kan mahahalagang regalo para sa Israelitang si Hadeng Solomon. An salaysay na ini na sumisairarom sa maiwasa na paglalahad kan mga Hudyo, Islamiko, Yemenite[1][2] asin Ethiopian, asin ini na naging paksa kan saro sa pinakalaganap asin mayaman na mga siklo nin mga leyenda sa Asya asin Africa.[3]

An mga modernong historyador binibisto an Seba sa kahadean kan Sur Arabian kan Saba sa presenteng panahon na Yemen asin Etiopia. Pinagdidiskutir an pag - eksister kan reyna sa tahaw nin mga historyador.[4]

Naratibo

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Biblikal

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Queen of Sheba and Solomon, around 1280, window now in Cologne Cathedral, Germany
The Queen of Sheba's visit to Solomon by Tintoretto, around 1555

An Reyna nin Sheba (Hebreo: מַלְכַּת שְׁבָא, romanized: Malkaṯ Šəḇāʾ, [5]sa Hebrew Bible; Koinē Greek: βασίλισσα Σαβά, romanized: basílissa Sab ܡ ܠܬܡ ܐ ܡ Ge' ez: ንግሥተ ሳባ, romanized: Nəgśətä Saba),[6] [7][8]na an pangaran na dae nasambit, na nagabot sa Jerusalem "na may kadakol na pulutong, na may mga kamelyong may mga pahamot, asin kadakol na ginto, asin mga mahalagang gapo" (1 Hade10:2). "Dae na utro nag-abot an gayong kasaganaan nin mga pampalasa" (10:10; 2 Chronicles 9:1–9) arog kan mga itinao niya kay Solomon. Siya na nagabot "para patunayan na siya sa masasakit na hapot", na sinimbag ni Solomon sa saiyang kaugmahan. Nagribayan sinda kan mga regalo, pagkatapos na nagbalik siya sa saiyang daga.[9][10]

An paggamit kan terminong ḥiddot o 'ridles' (1 Hade 10:1), sarong Aramaiko pautang na an korte nagtotokdo sa tanog na dai pang gayo nahahaloy kisa ikaanom na siglo BC, nagpaparisa nin ultimong ginikanan para sa teksto.[11] Poon kan mayo nin nasambitan na Pagbagsak nin Babilonya kan 539 BC, si Martin Noth nagtubod na an Libro nin mga Hade nag - ako nin pangultimong rebiksyon sa pagpula kaidtong 550 BC.[12]

An Sheba midbid na marhay sa klasikong kinaban, asin an nasyon kaiyan inapod na Arabia Felix.[13] Sa kabangaan kan ika-1 milenyo BC, nagkaigwa man nin mga Sabaeans sa Etiopia asin Eritrea, sa lugar na huri nagin rona nin Aksum.[14] Igwa nin limang lugar sa Biblia kun saen an parasurat nagrerepresentar kan Sheba (שׁבא), i.e. the Yemenite Sabaens, hale sa Seba (סבא), an boot sabihon, mga Sabeans sa Aprika. Sa Ps. 72:10 iriba sindang nasasambitan: "An mga hade kan Seba asin Sebastian madolot nin regalo".[15] Alagad, an pagdeletriyang ini tibaad totoo sana; an mga inskripsion na tubo daing gayo nin pagkakalaen, asin pareho an Yemeno saka Aprikano Sabaes yaon duman sa eksaktong paagi.[14]

Kristiano

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King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, from The History of the True Cross by Piero della Francesca
The Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba, Claude Lorrain (1600‒1682), oil on canvas
Solomon and The Queen of Sheba, Giovanni De Min

Nasambit kan mga Kristiyanong kasuratan an sarong "reyna kan Timog" (Griyego: βασίλισσα νότου, Latin: Regina austri), na "nagpoon sa pinaporong bahagi kan kinaban", boot sabihon, poon sa mga poro kan bistong kinaban kan, para madangog an karunungan ni Solomon (Mt. 12:42; Lk. 11:31).[16]

Hilingon pa

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Bibliograpiya

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    • Thaʿlabī, Qiṣaṣ ̣(1356 A.H.), 262–4
    • Kisāʾī, Qiṣaṣ (1356 A.H.), 285–92
    • G. Weil, The Bible, the Koran, and the Talmud ... (1846)
    • G. Rosch, Die Königin von Saba als Königin Bilqis (Jahrb. f. Prot. Theol., 1880) 524‒72
    • M. Grünbaum, Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sagenkunde (1893) 211‒21
    • E. Littmann, The legend of the Queen of Sheba in the tradition of Axum (1904)
    • L. Ginzberg, Legends of the Jews, 3 (1911), 411; 4 (1913), 143–9; (1928), 288–91
    • H. Speyer, Die biblischen Erzählungen im Qoran (1931, repr. 1961), 390–9
    • E. Budge, The Queen of Sheba and her only son Menyelek (1932)
    • J. Ryckmans, L'Institution monarchique en Arabie méridionale avant l'Islam (1951)
    • E. Ullendorff, Candace (Acts VIII, 27) and the Queen of Sheba (New Testament Studies, 1955, 53‒6)
    • E. Ullendorff, Hebraic-Jewish elements in Abyssinian (monophysite) Christianity (JSS, 1956, 216‒56)
    • D. Hubbard, The literary sources of the Kebra Nagast (St. Andrews University Ph. D. thesis, 1956, 278‒308)
    • La Persécution des chrétiens himyarites au sixième siècle (1956)
    • Bulletin of American Schools of Oriental Research 143 (1956) 6–10; 145 (1957) 25–30; 151 (1958) 9–16
    • A. Jamme, La Paléographique sud-arabe de J. Pirenne (1957)
    • R. Bowen, F. Albright (eds.), Archaeological Discoveries in South Arabia (1958)
    • Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Bible (1963) 2067–70
    • T. Tamrat, Church and State in Ethiopia (1972) 1270–1527
    • W. Daum (ed.), Die Königin von Saba: Kunst, Legende und Archäologie zwischen Morgenland und Abendland (1988)
    • J. Lassner, Demonizing the Queen of Sheba: Boundaries of Gender and Culture in Postbiblical Judaism and Medieval Islam (1993)
    • M. Brooks (ed.), Kebra Nagast (The Glory of Kings) (1998)
    • J. Breton, Arabia Felix from the Time of the Queen of Sheba: Eighth Century B.C. to First Century A.D. (1999)
    • D. Crummey, Land and Society in the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: From the Thirteenth to the Twentieth Century (2000)
    • A. Gunther (ed.), Caravan Kingdoms: Yemen and the Ancient Incense Trade (2005)

Panluwas na mga takod

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Mga toltolan

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  1. ↑ "Echoes of a Legendary Queen". Harvard Divinity Bulletin (in English). Retrieved 2022-06-29. 
  2. ↑ "Queen of Sheba - Treasures from Ancient Yemen". the Guardian (in English). 2002-05-25. Retrieved 2022-06-29. 
  3. ↑ E. Ullendorff (1991), "BILḲĪS", The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2 (2nd ed.), Brill, pp. 1219–1220 
  4. ↑ National Geographic, issue mysteries of history, September 2018, p.45.
  5. ↑ Francis Brown, ed. (1906), "שְׁבָא", Hebrew and English Lexicon, Oxford University Press, p. 985a 
  6. ↑ Alan England Brooke; Norman McLean; Henry John Thackeray, eds. (1930), The Old Testament in Greek (PDF), II.2, Cambridge University Press, p. 243 
  7. ↑ Alan England Brooke; Norman McLean; Henry John Thackeray, eds. (1930), The Old Testament in Greek (PDF), II.2, Cambridge University Press, p. 243 
  8. ↑ Dillmann, August (1865), "ንግሥት", Lexicon linguae Aethiopicae, Weigel, p. 687a 
  9. ↑ Samuel Abramsky; S. David Sperling; Aaron Rothkoff; Haïm Zʾew Hirschberg; Bathja Bayer (2007), "SOLOMON", Encyclopaedia Judaica, 18 (2nd ed.), Gale, pp. 755–763 
  10. ↑ Yosef Tobi (2007), "QUEEN OF SHEBA", Encyclopaedia Judaica, 16 (2nd ed.), Gale, p. 765 
  11. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2007 
  12. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2007 
  13. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2007 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1995 
  15. ↑ Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, 1894 
  16. ↑ John McClintock; James Strong, eds. (1891), "Sheba", Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, 9, Harper & Brothers, pp. 626–628