↑D'Assis Fonseca, E.C.M (1968). Diptera Cyclorrhapha Calyptrata: Muscidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. Vol. 10. London.: Royal Entomological Society of London. pp. 118pp.
↑Gregor, F. (2002). The Muscidae (Diptera) of Central Europe. Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis. Vol. 107. Masaryk: Masaryk University. pp. 280pp.