The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet represents Ukrainian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-uk }} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters .
Ukrainian contrasts palatalized "soft" and unpalatalized "hard" consonants. Palatalized consonants, denoted by a superscript टेम्पलेट:Angbr IPA , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate , like in the [j] sound in yes .
See Ukrainian phonology for more details on the sounds of Ukrainian.
Consonants
IPA
Examples
English approximations
b
б ог[ 1]
[bɔɦ]
b oot
d
д им[ 1]
[dɪm]
d o
dʲ
д ім , мідь [ 1]
[d⁽ʲ⁾im] , [midʲ]
d ew
dz
дз е́ркало[ 1]
[ˈdzɛrkɐlo]
pads
dzʲ
ґедзь , дзь об[ 1]
[ɡɛdzʲ] , [dzʲɔb]
dʒ
дж міль[ 1]
[dʒmilʲ]
j ump, ridg e
f
ф а́рба
[ˈfɑrbɐ]
f ool
ɡ
ґ а́нок[ 1]
[ˈɡɑnok]
g ood
ɣ
чахох бі́лі [ 1]
[tʃɐxoɣˈbil⁽ʲ⁾i]
between g ood and h ood
ɦ
г азе́та
[ɦɐˈzɛtɐ]
beh ind
j
й ти , гай , ї да́льня
[jtɪ] , [ɦɑj] , [jiˈdɑlʲnʲɐ]
y es
k
к люч
[klʲutʃ]
sc ar
l
л ось
[lɔsʲ]
bell
lʲ
л ід , сіль
[l⁽ʲ⁾id] , [s⁽ʲ⁾ilʲ]
l east
m
м ир
[mɪr]
m oot
n
н е́бо
[ˈnɛbo]
n oon
nʲ
н і́жний , день
[ˈn⁽ʲ⁾iʒnɪj] , [dɛnʲ]
n ew
p
п ил
[pɪl]
sp are
r
лі́кар
[ˈl⁽ʲ⁾ikɐr]
trilled r , like in Spanish r iesgo
rʲ
р і́чка
[ˈr⁽ʲ⁾itʃkɐ]
s
с уп
[sup]
s oup
sʲ
с і́но , вісь
[ˈs⁽ʲ⁾ino] , [wisʲ]
s uit
ʃ
ш пари́на , ви́щ е
[ʃpɐˈrɪnɐ] , [ˈwɪʃtʃe]
sh op
t
т ин
[tɪn]
st ar
tʲ
т інь , мить
[t⁽ʲ⁾inʲ] , [mɪtʲ]
st ew
ts
ц ибу́ля
[tsɪˈbulʲɐ]
cats
tsʲ
ц іна́ , віне́ць
[ts⁽ʲ⁾iˈnɑ] , [wiˈnɛtsʲ]
tʃ
оч ере́т , вищ е
[otʃeˈrɛt] , [ˈwɪʃtʃe]
ch oose
u̯
в чи́тель , став
[ˈu̯tʃɪtelʲ] , [stɑu̯]
tow
v
Аф ганіста́н [ 1]
[ɐvɦɐn⁽ʲ⁾iˈstɑn]
v ine
w
в іл
[wil]
between w ine and v ine
x
х овра́х
[xou̯ˈrɑx]
Bach , loch
z
з уб[ 1]
[zub]
z oo
zʲ
з і́ллю , рі́зь блення [ 1]
[ˈz⁽ʲ⁾ilʲːʊ] , [ˈr⁽ʲ⁾izʲblenʲːɐ]
pres ume
ʒ
ж и́то[ 1]
[ˈʒɪto]
meas ure, garage
Other symbols
IPA
Explanation
ˈ ◌
stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
ˌ ◌
secondary stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
◌ː
gemination (the consonant is pronounced twice as long)[ 3]
◌⁽ʲ⁾
optional nature of consonant palatalization before /i/
↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Voiceless obstruents /p t tʲ ts tsʲ tʃ k x f s sʲ ʃ/ are voiced [b d dʲ dz dzʲ dʒ ɡ ɣ v z zʲ ʒ] before other voiced obstruents. [ɣ] and [v] only ever occur in this case.
↑ May also be realized as [[[
en:close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]].
↑ In Ukrainian, geminates are found between vowels: багаття [bɐˈɦɑtʲːɐ] 'bonfire', подружжя [poˈdruʒːɐ] 'married couple', обличчя [oˈblɪtʃːɐ] 'face'. Geminates also occur at the beginning of a few words: лляний [ˈlʲːɑnɪj] 'flaxen', forms of the verb лити 'to pour' (ллючи [lʲːʊˈtʃɪ] , ллю [lʲːu] , ллєш [lʲːɛʃ] etc.), ссати [ˈsːɑtɪ] 'to suck' and derivatives.[प्रमाण देईं ]
Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995). Ukrainian . Lincom Europa. ISBN 978-3-929075-08-3 .
Жовтобрюх, М.А.; Кулик, Б.М. (1965). Курс сучасної української літературної мови. Частина I. (युक्रेनी में). Kiev: Радянська школа.