তুরস্কের স্বাধীনতা যুদ্ধ |
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The Turkish Army's entry into Izmir (known as the Liberation of Smyrna) on September 9, 1922, following the successful Great Smyrna Offensive, effectively sealed the Turkish victory and ended the war. Izmir was the location where Turkish civilian armed resistance against the occupation of Anatolia by the Allies first began on May 15, 1919. |
তারিখ | ১৯ মে ১৯১৯ – ১১ অক্টোবর ১৯২২ (যুদ্ধবিরতি) ২৪ জুলাই ১৯২৩ (শান্তি) (৪ বছর, ২ মাস ও ৫ দিন) |
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অবস্থান | |
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ফলাফল |
তুরস্কের বিজয়[১২]
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বিবাদমান পক্ষ |
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Turkish National Movement
Supported by: রাশিয়া |
গ্রিস
France
যুক্তরাজ্য
Armenia
ইতালি Ottoman Empire[b] (1919–22) Georgia[c] United States (Naval Support)[৬][৭][৮][৯][note ১] |
সেনাধিপতি ও নেতৃত্ব প্রদানকারী |
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Mustafa Kemal Pasha Fevzi Pasha Kâzım Pasha Ali Fuat Pasha İsmet Pasha |
Anastasios Papoulas Georgios Hatzianestis Leonidas Paraskevopoulos Henri Gouraud Louis Franchet d'Esperey George Milne Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe Charles Harington Harington Drastamat Kanayan Movses Silikyan Süleyman Şefik Pasha Giorgi Kvinitadze Mark Bristol |
শক্তি |
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May 1919: 35,000[১৩] Nov. 1920: 86,000 (creation of regular army)[১৪] Aug. 1922: 271,000[১৫][note ২] |
80,000 (Dec. 1919)[১৬] 1922: 200,000[১৭]-250,000[১৮][১৯]
10,150[২০] (south) and 20,000[২১] (east)
60,000[২২][২৩]
40,000[২৪]
17,900[২৪]
36,000[২৫]
Revolts: 50,000+[২৬][২৭]
Total: 434,000 - 484,000 |
হতাহত ও ক্ষয়ক্ষতি |
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13,000 killed[২৮] 22,690 died of disease[২৯] 5,362 died of wounds or other non-combat causes[২৯] 35,000 wounded[২৮] 7,000-22,000 prisoners[৩০][f]
Total: 83,052 - 98,052 |
19,362 killed 18,095 missing 48,880 wounded 4,878 died outside of combat 10,000 prisoners[৩১][note ৩] ~7,000 1,100+ killed[৩৯] 3,000+ prisoners[৪০]
Total: ~112,315 |
17,000 Turkish civilians killed[তথ্যসূত্র প্রয়োজন] 264,000 Greek civilians killed[৪১] 250,000 Armenian civilians killed[৪২] Total: 532,000 civilians killed |
Notes
- ^[a] Kuva-yi Milliye came under command of the GNA after 4 September 1920.
- ^[b] The Ottoman controlled Caliphate Army engaged the Turkish revolutionaries during the Battle of İzmit and the Ottoman government in Constantinople supported other revolts (e.g. Anzavur).
- ^[c] For further information, see the Red Army invasion of Georgia.
- ^[f] Greece took 22,071 military and civilian prisoners. Of these were 520 officers and 6,002 soldiers. During the prisoner exchange in 1923, 329 officers, 6,002 soldiers and 9,410 civilian prisoners arrived in Turkey. The remaining 6,330, mostly civilian prisoners, presumably died in Greek captivity.[৩০]
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