Polyipnus

Polyipnus

Polyipnus triphanos
Període
Oligocè - Actualitat[1]
Taxonomia
Superregne	Holozoa
Regne	Animalia
Fílum	Chordata
Classe	Actinopteri
Ordre	Stomiiformes
Família	Sternoptychidae
Subfamília	Sternoptychinae
Gènere	Polyipnus Günther, 1887

Polyipnus és un gènere de peixos pertanyent a la família dels esternoptíquids.^[2]

Descripció

• Cos comprimit lateralment.
• Ulls dirigits lateralment.
• Boca vertical.
• Aleta dorsal adiposa.
• Quilla abdominal ben definida.
• Bufeta natatòria ben desenvolupada i plena de gas.
• Dors fosc i costats platejats.^[3]

Hàbitat

Viuen entre 50 i 400 m de fondària.^[3]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a l'Atlàntic, l'Índic i el Pacífic. És absent de la Mediterrània.^[3]

Taxonomia

• Polyipnus aquavitus (Baird, 1971)^[4]
• Polyipnus asper (Harold, 1994)^[5]
• Polyipnus asteroides (Schultz, 1938)^[6]
• Polyipnus bruuni (Harold, 1994)
• Polyipnus clarus (Harold, 1994)
• Polyipnus danae (Harold, 1990)
• Polyipnus elongatus (Borodulina, 1979)^[7]
• Polyipnus fraseri (Fowler, 1934)^[8]
• Polyipnus indicus (Schultz, 1961)^[9]
• Polyipnus inermis (Borodulina, 1981)^[10]
• Polyipnus kiwiensis (Baird, 1971)^[4]
• Polyipnus laternatus (Garman, 1899)
• Polyipnus latirastrus (Last & Harold, 1994)^[11]
• Polyipnus limatulus (Harold & Wessel, 1998)^[12]
• Polyipnus matsubarai (Schultz, 1961)^[9]
• Polyipnus meteori (Kotthaus, 1967)^[13]
• Polyipnus nuttingi (Gilbert, 1905)^[14]
• Polyipnus oluolus (Baird, 1971)^[4]
• Polyipnus omphus (Baird, 1971)^[4]
• Polyipnus ovatus (Harold, 1994)^[5]
• Polyipnus parini (Borodulina, 1979)^[7]
• Polyipnus paxtoni (Harold, 1989)^[15]
• Polyipnus polli (Schultz, 1961)^[16]
• Polyipnus ruggeri (Baird, 1971)^[4]
• Polyipnus soelae (Harold, 1994)^[5]
• Polyipnus spinifer (Borodulina, 1979)^[7]
• Polyipnus spinosus (Günther, 1887)^[17]
• Polyipnus stereope (Jordan & Starks, 1904)^[18]
• Polyipnus surugaensis (Aizawa, 1990)^[19]
• Polyipnus tridentifer (McCulloch, 1914)^[20]
• Polyipnus triphanos (Schultz, 1938)^[6]
• Polyipnus unispinus (Schultz, 1938)^{[6][21][22][23][24][25][26]}

Costums

Algunes espècies són migradores verticals, d'altres no.^[3]

Referències

1. [http://strata.geology.wisc.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class Sepkoski, Jack, 2002: (Polyipnus). A: A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletin of American Paleontology 364: 560.
2. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
3. Marine Species Identification Portal (anglès)
4. Baird, R. C., 1971. The systematics, distribution, and zoogeography of the marine hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (núm. 1): 1-128.
5. Harold, A. S., 1994. A taxonomic revision of the sternoptychid genus Polyipnus (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) with an analysis of phylogenetic relationships. Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (núm. 2): 428-534.
6. Schultz, L. P., 1938. Review of the fishes of the genera Polyipnus and Argyropelecus (Family Sternoptichidae), with descriptions of three new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (núm. 3047): 135-155.
7. Borodulina, O. D., 1979. Composition of the species complex Polyipnus spinosus Günther (Sternoptychidae, Osteichtyes) with descriptions of three new species. Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 19 (núm. 2): 198-208.
8. Fowler, H. W., 1934. Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933): 233-367.
9. Schultz, L. P., 1961. Revision of the marine silver hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (núm. 3449): 587-649.
10. Borodulina, O. D., 1981. On a new species of the genus Polylipnus -- Polyipnus inermis Borodulina (Sternoptychidae) from the Southeast Pacific Ocean. Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 21 (núm. 3): 556-558.
11. Last, P. R. & Harold, A. S., 1994. Polyipnus latirastrus n. sp., a new and unusual hatchetfish (Stomiiformes: Sternoptychidae) from the western Pacific. Copeia 1994 (núm. 1): 210-215.
12. Harold, A. S., Wessel, J. H., III & Johnson, R. K., 1998. A new species of Polyipnus (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) from the western Indian Ocean, with comments on sternoptychid ecology. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 111 (núm. 4): 942-953.
13. Kotthaus, A., 1967. Fische des Indischen Ozeans. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie Núm. 1: 1-84.
14. Gilbert, C. H., 1905. II. The deep-sea fishes of the Hawaiian Islands. A: The aquatic resources of the Hawaiian Islands. Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) (for 1903): 577-713, Pls. 66-101.
15. Harold, A. S., 1989. A new species of Polyipnus (Stomiiformes: Sternoptychidae) from the Coral Sea, with a revised key to the species of the Polyipnus spinosus complex. Copeia 1989 (núm. 4): 871-876.
16. Schultz, L. P., 1961. Revision of the marine silver hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (núm. 3449): 587-649.
17. Günther, A., 1887. Report on the deep-sea fishes collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57): i-lxv + 1-268, Pls. 1-66.
18. Jordan, D. S. & Starks, E. C., 1904. List of fishes dredged by the steamer Albatross off the coast of Japan in the summer of 1900, with descriptions of new species and a review of the Japanese Macrouridae. Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 (1902): 577-630, Pls. 1-8.
19. Aizawa, M., 1990. A new species of Polyipnus (Stomiiformes, Sternoptychidae) from Suruga Bay, Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 37 (núm. 2): 95-97.
20. McCulloch, A. R., 1914. Report on some fishes obtained by the F. I. S. "Endeavour" on the coasts of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South and South-western Australia. Part II. Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3): 77-165, Pls. 13-34.
21. BioLib (anglès)
22. AQUATAB
23. Catalogue of Life Arxivat 2016-03-05 a Wayback Machine. (anglès)
24. World Register of Marine Species (anglès)
25. FishBase (anglès)
26. UNEP-WCMC Species Database^{[Enllaç no actiu]} (anglès)

Bibliografia

• Fritzsche, R. A., 1982. Osteichthyes. A: Parker, S.P., Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms, vol. 2. McGraw-Hill, Nova York: 858-944.
• Harold, A. S., 1994: A taxonomic revision of the sternoptychid genus Polyipnus (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) with an analysis of phylogenetic relationships. Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (núm. 2): 428-534.