Human coronavirus OC43[1] (HCoV-OC43) tilhører artenBetacoronavirus 1 i slægtenBetacoronavirus; den kan inficere mennesker og kvæg.[2][3]
Den inficerende coronavirus er en indkapslet, enkeltstrenget (single-stranded) RNA-virus med positiv sense, der kommer ind i værtscellen ved at binde til receptoren'N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminsyre'.[4]
OC43 er en af syv kendte coronavirus der kan inficere mennesker: HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, den originale SARS-CoV (eller SARS-CoV-1) og SARS-CoV-2.
Sammen med HCoV-229E og HCoV-NL63 (medlemmer af Alphacoronavirus-slægten) og BetacoronavirusHCoV-HKU1, er det en af de virus der er ansvarlige for forkølelse.[5][6]
Virusset har − som andre coronavirus fra slægten Betacoronavirus, subgenus Embecovirus − yderligere et kortere peplomer eller 'spike-protein' (S)[note 1]Hemagglutinin esterase (HE).[7][2]
^peplomer / spike-protein : Vedr. strukturproteiner, se evt. Coronavirus#Proteiner hvor de nævnes : "Spike (S) (også benævnt peplomer) er overfladeprotein og glycoprotein på 1255-1282 aminosyrer, der danner trimerer og bestemmer værtsspecifiteten og infektiviteten, idet det reagerer med værtens cellulære receptor, ..."
Referencer
^Lee, Paul. Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 in Hong Kong (Afhandling). The University of Hong Kong Libraries. doi:10.5353/th_b4501128. hdl:10722/131538.
^Li, Fang (2016-09-29). "Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins". Annual Review of Virology. 3 (1): 237-261. doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042301. PMC5457962. PMID27578435. BCoV S1-NTD does not recognize galactose as galectins do. Instead, it recognizes 5-N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5,9Ac2) (30, 43). The same sugar receptor is also recognized by human coronavirus OC43 (43, 99). OC43 and BCoV are closely related genetically, and OC43 might have resulted from zoonotic spillover of BCoV (100, 101).
^Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Huang, Yi; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (2010-08-24). "Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis". Viruses. 2 (8): 1804-20. doi:10.3390/v2081803. PMC3185738. PMID21994708. In all members of Betacoronavirus subgroup A, a haemagglutinin esterase (HE) gene, which encodes a glycoprotein with neuraminate O-acetyl-esterase activity and the active site FGDS, is present downstream to ORF1ab and upstream to S gene (Figure 1).
^Leen Vijgen; Els Keyaerts; Elien Moës; Inge Thoelen; Elke Wollants; Philippe Lemey; Anne-Mieke Vandamme; Marc Van Ranst (1. februar 2005), "Complete genomic sequence of human coronavirus OC43: molecular clock analysis suggests a relatively recent zoonotic coronavirus transmission event", Journal of Virology, 79 (3): 1595-1604, doi:10.1128/JVI.79.3.1595-1604.2005, PMC544107, PMID15650185, Wikidata Q33717322