Pir Sadrudin

Pīr Sadrudin (صدر الدين Pīr Ṣadr ad-Dīn) war ein ismailitischer Missionar (dāʿī) und Sufi-Meister im 14. bzw. frühen 15. Jahrhundert.^[1] Er stammte aus Persien und war in Indien (Sindh) unter den Chodschas aktiv. Als sein Hauptwerk gilt sein Ginan^[2] Das Avatar. Sein Schrein befindet sich in der Nähe von Uceh.

Aga Khan Case

Im Aga Khan Case diente er als Schlüsselfigur der Verbindung zwischen dem (damaligen) Aga Khan und den Chodschas.^[3]

In dem Urteil von Richter Joseph Arnold aus dem Jahr 1866 heißt es:

„On the one hand says the learned judge: "The relators and plaintiffs contend that Pir Sadruddin (whom both sides admit to have originally converted the Khojas from Hinduism to some form of Muhammadanism) was a Sunni that the Khoja community has ever since its first conversion been and now is, Sunni and that no persons calling themselves Khojas who are not Sunnis, are entitled to be considered member of the Khoja community, or to have any share or interest in the public property of the Khoja community or to have any share or interest in the public property of the Khoja community or any voice in the management thereof. On the other side, it is maintained by the first defendant i.e., Aga Khani and by the other defendants who are in the same interest with him, that Pir Sadruddin was not a Sunni but a Shia of the Imami Ismaili persuasion; that he was a "Da'i or missionary of one of the direct lineal ancestors of the first defendant the Imam or spiritual chief for the time then being of the Imamie Ismailis; that from the time of the first conversion till now the Khoja community has been and still is (with the exception of the relators and plaintiffs and those comparatively few families among the Bombay Khojas who adhere to them), of the Shia Imamie Ismaili persuasion; that the said community (except as aforesaid) always has been bound in close ties of spiritual allegiance to the ancestors of first defendants, Aga Khan, the hereditary chiefs Imams of the Ismailis, whom the Khoja community always have regarded and (except as above) still regard as their Murshid or spiritual head.^[4]“

Arnold betont emphatisch:

„That conclusion is that the preponderating tradition of the Khoja community is substantially correct. that Pir Sadruddin was a Da'i or missionary of the hereditary Imams of the Ismailis (probably of Shah Islamshah) and that he converted the first Khojas to the Shi'a Imami Ismaili form of Muhammadanism.^[5]“

Das Werk Das Avatar spielte auch im 2. Aga Khan Case (1908) eine Rolle.

Khojki-Schrift

Der populären ismailitischen Tradition zufolge gilt er als der Erfinder der Khojki-Schrift.^[6]

Literatur

• Teena Purohit: The Aga Khan Case: religion and identity in colonial India. 2012 (Online-Auszug)
• 100 ginānjī: ćopaḍī:ćogaḍīe:vārī (Pīr Ṣadr ad-Dīn, Pīr Shams, Pīr Ḥasan Kabīr ad-Dīn, Pīr Imām Shāh, Pīr Imām Begum) (ocp.hul.harvard.edu)
• Ismaʿilism in Ginān literature (Ali Sultaan Ali Asani) - Encyclopædia Iranica

Weblinks

• iis.ac.uk: Short biography
• simergphotos.com: The mausoleums of Ismaili Pir Sadardin and his son Pir Hasan Kabirdin
• ismaili.net: The Heritage Society Presents Pir Sadardin & Mission of Pir Sadruddin in India & Notes on the History of Satpanth
• mostmerciful.com
• khojapedia.com

Einzelnachweise und Fußnoten

1. iis.ac.uk: Pir Sadardin (Memento des Originals vom 20. Juli 2014 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/www.iis.ac.uk
2. Zu den Ginans, vgl. ismaili.net
3. Teena Purohit, S. 40:

   „In this history, Pir Sadrudin served as they key connecting figure between the Aga Khan and the Khojas. […] The Aga Khan authority was likely legitimized through the connection to Sadrudin[.]“

4. zitiert nach ismaili.net: The Heritage Society Presents Pir Sadardin – abgerufen am 15. Juli 2014
5. zitiert nach ismaili.net: The Heritage Society Presents Pir Sadardin – abgerufen am 15. Juli 2014
6. Anshuman Pandey: Proposal to Encode the Khojki Script in ISO/IEC 10646. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2, 25. März 2009, abgerufen am 25. Juni 2024.  (PDF; 3,0 MB), S. 1 (Vorschlag zur Kodierung der Khojki-Schrift in ISO/IEC 10646):

   „Popular Ismaili tradition states that the script was invented by Pir Sadruddin, an Ismaili missionary actively working with the Hindu Lohana community of Sind. Khojki is one of two mercantile Landa scripts that were transformed into literary scripts in order to serve the purposes of religious communities; the other is Gurmukhi.“

Pir Sadrudin (Alternativbezeichnungen des Lemmas)
Pīr Ṣadr ad-Dīn; Pir Ṣadr-al-Din; Pir Sadardin; Pir Sadruddin; Pir Sadrudin; Haji Sadar Shah; Pir Sadr al Din

Normdaten (Person): Wikipedia-Personensuche