Camino de Shikoku

Mapa del Camino de Shikoku.

El Shikoku Henro (Camino de Shikoku) es un camino de peregrinación que recorre 88[1]​[2]​ templos budistas alrededor de la isla japonesa de Shikoku, la más pequeña de las principales del archipiélago de Japón. Esta ruta de 1200 kilómetros atrae cada año a miles de peregrinos de todo el mundo.

Historia

[editar]

El significado del Camino de Shikoku se basa en la figura de Kukai. Este nació en la isla de Shikoku en el siglo VIII y siendo muy joven se ordenó monje budista y dedicó su vida al ascetismo y la meditación. En su vida diaria, Kukai vagó por la isla visitando sitios espiritualmente significativos donde meditar. Aunque viajó a algunos templos que ya existían en el siglo VIII, muchos otros nacieron de las múltiples leyendas del Camino de Shikoku.[3]​

Templos

[editar]

La ruta se compara con un camino simbólico hacia la iluminación: los templos 1.º al 23.º que representan la idea del despertar (発 心, hosshin), del 24.º al 39.º austeridad y disciplina (修行, shugyō), del 40.º al 65.º alcanzar la iluminación (菩提, bodai) y del 66.º al 88.º entrando en el nirvana (涅槃, nehan).[4]​ Se incluyen los siguientes templos:

Número Templo Imagen principal Localización Coordenadas Imagen
1 Ryōzen-ji (霊山寺) Shaka Nyorai Naruto, Tokushima 34°09′35″N 134°30′09″E / 34.159803, 134.502592 (Ryōzen-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #1))
2 Gokuraku-ji (極楽寺) Amitābha Naruto, Tokushima 34°09′20″N 134°29′25″E / 34.155556, 134.490278 (Gokuraku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #2))
3 Konsen-ji (金泉寺) Shaka Nyorai Itano, Tokushima 34°08′51″N 134°28′07″E / 34.147436, 134.468544 (Konsen-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #3))
4 Dainichi-ji (大日寺) Dainichi Nyorai Itano, Tokushima 34°09′05″N 134°25′51″E / 34.151306, 134.430889 (Dainichi-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #4))
5 Jizō-ji (地蔵寺) Enmei Ksitigarbha Itano, Tokushima 34°08′14″N 134°25′55″E / 34.137222, 134.431944 (Jizō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #5))
6 Anraku-ji (安楽寺) Yakushi Nyorai Kamiita, Tokushima 34°07′05″N 134°23′18″E / 34.118056, 134.388389 (Anraku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #6))
7 Jūraku-ji (十楽寺) Amitābha Awa, Tokushima 34°07′15″N 134°22′41″E / 34.12075, 134.377925 (Jūraku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #7))
8 Kumadani-ji (熊谷寺) Guan Yin Awa, Tokushima 34°07′22″N 134°20′24″E / 34.122778, 134.34 (Kumadani-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #8))
9 Hōrin-ji (法輪寺) Shaka Nyorai Awa, Tokushima 34°06′16″N 134°20′02″E / 34.104378, 134.333814 (Hōrin-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #9))
10 Kirihata-ji (切幡寺) Guan Yin Awa, Tokushima 34°06′28″N 134°18′15″E / 34.10775, 134.304278 (Kirihata-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #10))
11 Fujii-dera (藤井寺) Yakushi Nyorai Yoshinogawa, Tokushima 34°03′06″N 134°20′55″E / 34.051667, 134.3485 (Fujii-dera (Shikoku Pilgrimage #11))
12 Shōsan-ji (焼山寺) Kokūzō Bosatsu Kamiyama, Tokushima 33°59′06″N 134°18′37″E / 33.985028, 134.31025 (Shōsan-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #12))
13 Dainichi-ji (大日寺) Jūichimen Kannon Tokushima, Tokushima 34°02′17″N 134°27′46″E / 34.038117, 134.462683 (Dainichi-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #13))
14 Jōraku-ji (常楽寺) Miroku Bosatsu Tokushima, Tokushima 34°03′01″N 134°28′32″E / 34.050333, 134.475639 (Jōraku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #14))
15 Awa Kokubun-ji (阿波国分寺) Yakushi Nyorai Tokushima, Tokushima 34°03′20″N 134°28′25″E / 34.055611, 134.473611 (Awa Kokubun-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #15))
16 Kannon-ji (観音寺) Guan Yin Tokushima, Tokushima 34°04′06″N 134°28′28″E / 34.068472, 134.474344 (Kannon-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #16))
17 Ido-ji (井戸寺) Yakushi Nyorai Tokushima, Tokushima 34°05′07″N 134°29′08″E / 34.085167, 134.485444 (Ido-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #17))
18 Onzan-ji (恩山寺) Yakushi Nyorai Komatsushima, Tokushima 33°59′10″N 134°34′42″E / 33.986, 134.57825 (Onzan-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #18))
19 Tatsue-Ji (立江寺) Ksitigarbha Komatsushima, Tokushima 33°58′04″N 134°36′21″E / 33.967861, 134.605806 (Tatsue-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #19))
20 Kakurin-ji (鶴林寺) Ksitigarbha Katsuura, Tokushima 33°54′50″N 134°30′20″E / 33.913861, 134.505611 (Kakurin-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #20))
21 Tairyūji (太龍寺） Kokūzō Bosatsu Anan, Tokushima 33°52′57″N 134°31′19″E / 33.882528, 134.521889 (Tairyūji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #21))
22 Byōdō-ji (平等寺) Yakushi Nyorai Anan, Tokushima 33°51′07″N 134°34′58″E / 33.851833, 134.582778 (Byōdō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #22))
23 Yakuō-ji (薬王寺) Yakushi Nyorai Minami, Tokushima 33°43′56″N 134°31′39″E / 33.732306, 134.527583 (Yakuō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #23))
24 Hotsumisaki-ji (最御崎寺) Kokūzō Bosatsu Muroto, Kōchi 33°14′56″N 134°10′33″E / 33.249008, 134.175739 (Hotsumisaki-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #24))
25 Shinshō-ji (津照寺) Ksitigarbha Muroto, Kōchi 33°17′16″N 134°08′54″E / 33.287806, 134.14825 (Shinshō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #25))
26 Kongōchō-ji (金剛頂寺) Yakushi Nyorai Muroto, Kōchi 33°18′26″N 134°07′22″E / 33.307222, 134.122861 (Kongōchō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #26))
27 Kōnomine-ji (神峰寺) Jūichimen Kannon Yasuda, Kōchi 33°28′03″N 133°58′29″E / 33.467611, 133.974778 (Kōnomine-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #27))
28 Dainichi-ji (大日寺) Dainichi Nyorai Kōnan, Kōchi 33°34′39″N 133°42′19″E / 33.577583, 133.705389 (Dainichi-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #28))
29 Tosa Kokubun-ji (土佐国分寺) Guan Yin Nankoku, Kōchi 33°35′55″N 133°38′26″E / 33.598694, 133.640417 (Tosa Kokubun-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #29))
30 Zenrakuji (善楽寺) Amitābha Kōchi, Kōchi 33°35′31″N 133°34′39″E / 33.591917, 133.577556 (Zenrakuji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #30))
31 Chikurin-ji (竹林寺) Monju Bosatsu Kōchi, Kōchi 33°32′48″N 133°34′39″E / 33.546611, 133.577472 (Chikurin-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #31))
32 Zenjibu-ji (禅師峰寺) Jūichimen Kannon Nankoku, Kōchi 33°31′36″N 133°36′41″E / 33.526694, 133.611389 (Zenjibu-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #32))
33 Sekkei-ji (雪蹊寺) Yakushi Nyorai Kōchi, Kōchi 33°30′03″N 133°32′35″E / 33.500833, 133.543083 (Sekkei-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #33))
34 Tanema-ji (種間寺) Yakushi Nyorai Haruno, Kōchi 33°29′30″N 133°29′15″E / 33.491722, 133.487583 (Tanema-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #34))
35 Kiyotaki-ji (清滝寺) Yakushi Nyorai Tosa, Kōchi 33°30′45″N 133°24′34″E / 33.5125, 133.4095 (Kiyotaki-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #35))
36 Shōryū-ji (青竜寺) Fudō Myōō Tosa, Kōchi 33°25′34″N 133°27′03″E / 33.426, 133.450806 (Shōryū-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #36))
37 Iwamoto-ji (岩本寺) Los Cinco Tathagatas Shimanto, Kōchi 33°12′29″N 133°08′05″E / 33.207972, 133.134611 (Iwamoto-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #37))
38 Kongōfuku-ji (金剛福寺) Guan Yin Tosashimizu, Kōchi 32°43′34″N 133°01′07″E / 32.726028, 133.018556 (Kongōfuku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #38))
39 Enkōji (延光寺) Yakushi Nyorai Sukumo, Kōchi 32°57′41″N 132°46′27″E / 32.961306, 132.774056 (Enkō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #39))
40 Kanjizai-ji (観自在寺) Yakushi Nyorai Ainan, Ehime 32°57′53″N 132°33′51″E / 32.964667, 132.564056 (Kanjizai-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #40))
41 Ryūkō-ji (竜光寺) Jūichimen Kannon Uwajima, Ehime 33°17′43″N 132°35′55″E / 33.295194, 132.5985 (Ryūkō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #41))
42 Butsumoku-ji (佛木寺) Dainichi Nyorai Uwajima, Ehime 33°18′38″N 132°34′53″E / 33.310583, 132.581472 (Butsumoku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #42))
43 Meiseki-ji (明石寺) Guan Yin Seiyo, Ehime 33°22′09″N 132°31′08″E / 33.369222, 132.518972 (Meiseki-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #43))
44 Daihō-ji (大宝寺) Jūichimen Kannon Kumakōgen, Ehime 33°39′39″N 132°54′43″E / 33.660889, 132.912083 (Daihō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #44))
45 Iwaya-ji (岩屋寺) Fudō Myōō Kumakōgen, Ehime 33°39′31″N 132°58′51″E / 33.658667, 132.980722 (Iwaya-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #45))
46 Jōruri-ji (浄瑠璃寺) Yakushi Nyorai Matsuyama, Ehime 33°45′13″N 132°49′09″E / 33.753556, 132.819111 (Jōruri-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #46))
47 Yasaka-ji (八坂寺) Amitābha Matsuyama, Ehime 33°45′29″N 132°48′46″E / 33.757944, 132.812861 (Yasaka-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #47))
48 Sairin-ji (西林寺) Jūichimen Kannon Matsuyama, Ehime 33°47′37″N 132°48′50″E / 33.793722, 132.813944 (Sairin-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #48))
49 Jōdo-ji (浄土寺) Shaka Nyorai Matsuyama, Ehime 33°49′00″N 132°48′31″E / 33.816667, 132.808528 (Jōdo-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #49))
50 Hanta-ji (繁多寺) Yakushi Nyorai Matsuyama, Ehime 33°49′41″N 132°48′16″E / 33.828139, 132.804556 (Hanta-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #50))
51 Ishite-ji (石手寺) Yakushi Nyorai Matsuyama, Ehime 33°50′52″N 132°47′47″E / 33.847861, 132.796472 (Ishite-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #51))
52 Taisan-ji (太山寺) Jūichimen Kannon Matsuyama, Ehime 33°53′06″N 132°42′54″E / 33.885083, 132.714972 (Taisan-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #52))
53 Enmyō-ji (圓明寺) Amitābha Matsuyama, Ehime 33°53′30″N 132°44′23″E / 33.89175, 132.739667 (Enmyō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #53))
54 Enmei-ji (延命寺) Fudō Myōō Imabari, Ehime 34°04′01″N 132°57′50″E / 34.066833, 132.964 (Enmei-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #54))
55 Nankōbō (南光坊) Daitsū-chishō Butsu Imabari, Ehime 34°04′08″N 132°59′45″E / 34.06875, 132.99575 (Nankōbō (Shikoku Pilgrimage #55))
56 Taisan-ji (泰山寺) Ksitigarbha Imabari, Ehime 34°03′00″N 132°58′28″E / 34.050111, 132.974583 (Taisan-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #56))
57 Eifuku-ji (栄福寺) Amitābha Imabari, Ehime 34°01′46″N 132°58′42″E / 34.029472, 132.978472 (Eifuku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #57))
58 Senyū-ji (仙遊寺) Guan Yin Imabari, Ehime 34°00′47″N 132°58′38″E / 34.013194, 132.977361 (Senyū-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #58))
59 Iyo Kokubun-ji (伊予国分寺) Yakushi Nyorai Imabari, Ehime 34°01′34″N 133°01′32″E / 34.026167, 133.025444 (Iyo Kokubun-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #59))
60 Yokomine-ji (横峰寺) Dainichi Nyorai Saijō, Ehime 33°50′16″N 133°06′40″E / 33.837861, 133.111139 (Yokomine-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #60))
61 Kōon-ji (香園寺) Dainichi Nyorai Saijō, Ehime 33°53′37″N 133°06′12″E / 33.893528, 133.103306 (Kōon-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #61))
62 Hōju-ji (宝寿寺) Jūichimen Kannon Saijō, Ehime 33°53′50″N 133°06′54″E / 33.897333, 133.114944 (Hōju-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #62))
63 Kichijō-ji (吉祥寺) Bishamonten Saijō, Ehime 33°53′46″N 133°07′45″E / 33.896056, 133.129167 (Kichijō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #63))
64 Maegami-ji (前神寺) Amitābha Saijō, Ehime 33°53′25″N 133°09′38″E / 33.890222, 133.160667 (Maegami-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #64))
65 Sankaku-ji (三角寺) Jūichimen Kannon Shikokuchūō, Ehime 33°58′04″N 133°35′11″E / 33.967639, 133.5865 (Sankaku-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #65))
66 Unpen-ji (雲辺寺) Guan Yin Miyoshi, Tokushima 34°02′07″N 133°43′25″E / 34.035222, 133.723722 (Unpen-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #66))
67 Daikō-ji (大興寺) Yakushi Nyorai Mitoyo, Kagawa 34°06′08″N 133°43′09″E / 34.102194, 133.719167 (Daikō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #67))
68 Jinne-in (神恵院) Amitābha Kan'onji, Kagawa 34°08′02″N 133°38′50″E / 34.133986, 133.647333 (Jinne-in (Shikoku Pilgrimage #68))
69 Kannon-ji (観音寺) Shō Kannon Kan'onji, Kagawa 34°08′04″N 133°38′51″E / 34.1345, 133.647528 (Kannon-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #69))
70 Motoyama-ji (本山寺) Batō Kannon Mitoyo, Kagawa 34°08′23″N 133°41′39″E / 34.139667, 133.694056 (Motoyama-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #70))
71 Iyadani-ji (弥谷寺) Guan Yin Mitoyo, Kagawa 34°13′47″N 133°43′27″E / 34.229722, 133.724261 (Iyadani-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #71))
72 Mandara-ji (曼荼羅寺) Dainichi Nyorai Zentsūji, Kagawa 34°13′24″N 133°45′01″E / 34.223306, 133.750219 (Mandara-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #72))
73 Shusshaka-ji (出釈迦寺) Shaka Nyorai Zentsūji, Kagawa 34°13′10″N 133°45′01″E / 34.219389, 133.750278 (Shusshakaji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #73))
74 Kōyama-ji (甲山寺) Yakushi Nyorai Zentsūji, Kagawa 34°13′59″N 133°45′57″E / 34.233194, 133.765764 (Kōyama-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #74))
75 Zentsū-ji (善通寺) Yakushi Nyorai Zentsūji, Kagawa 34°13′30″N 133°46′27″E / 34.225111, 133.774139 (Zentsū-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #75))
76 Konzō-ji (金倉寺) Yakushi Nyorai Zentsūji, Kagawa 34°15′00″N 133°46′52″E / 34.250097, 133.781014 (Konzō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #76))
77 Dōryū-ji (道隆寺) Yakushi Nyorai Tadotsu, Kagawa 34°16′36″N 133°45′46″E / 34.27675, 133.762694 (Dōryū-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #77))
78 Gōshō-ji (郷照寺) Amitābha Utazu, Kagawa 34°18′24″N 133°49′28″E / 34.306694, 133.824583 (Gōshō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #78))
79 Tennō-ji (天皇寺) Jūichimen Kannon Sakaide, Kagawa 34°18′41″N 133°52′58″E / 34.311472, 133.882861 (Tennō-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #79))
80 Sanuki Kokubun-ji (讃岐国分寺) Jūichimen y Guan Yin Takamatsu, Kagawa 34°18′11″N 133°56′39″E / 34.303139, 133.944167 (Sanuki Kokubun-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #80))
81 Shiromine-ji (白峯寺) Guan Yin Sakaide, Kagawa 34°20′01″N 133°55′36″E / 34.333528, 133.926764 (Shiromine-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #81))
82 Negoro-ji (根香寺) Guan Yin Takamatsu, Kagawa 34°20′40″N 133°57′38″E / 34.3445, 133.960556 (Negoro-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #82))
83 Ichinomiya-ji (一宮寺) Shō Kannon Takamatsu, Kagawa 34°17′12″N 134°01′36″E / 34.286611, 134.026583 (Ichinomiya-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #83))
84 Yashima-ji (屋島寺) Jūichimen y Guan Yin Takamatsu, Kagawa 34°21′29″N 134°06′05″E / 34.357917, 134.10125 (Yashima-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #84))
85 Yakuri-ji (八栗寺) Shō Kannon Takamatsu, Kagawa 34°21′36″N 134°08′22″E / 34.359889, 134.139528 (Yakuri-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #85))
86 Shido-ji (志度寺) Jūichimen Kannon Sanuki, Kagawa 34°19′28″N 134°10′47″E / 34.324306, 134.179639 (Shido-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #86))
87 Nagao-ji (長尾寺) Shō Kannon Sanuki, Kagawa 34°16′00″N 134°10′18″E / 34.266706, 134.171719 (Nagao-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #87))
88 Ōkubo-ji (大窪寺) Yakushi Nyorai Sanuki, Kagawa 34°11′29″N 134°12′24″E / 34.191408, 134.206733 (Ōkubo-ji (Shikoku Pilgrimage #88))

Referencias

[editar]
  1. ↑ https://unviajecreativo.com/la-ruta-de-los-88-templos-de-shikoku/
  2. ↑ http://guiadeviajejapon.com/solamente-en-japon/peregrinacion-shikoku-henro-88templos-peregrinacionjapon-el-camino-de-santiago-japones/
  3. ↑ http://abcblogs.abc.es/orientaciones/public/post/shikoku-el-camino-de-santiago-japones-16915.asp/
  4. ↑ Reader, Ian (2005). Making Pilgrimages: Meaning and Practice in Shikoku. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 52f. ISBN 978-0-8248-2907-0. 

Enlaces externos

[editar]