Beith (ogham)

Beith
	;
Cineál	litir oghaim
Ball de	ogham

Is í an chéad litir den aibítir oghaim an Bheith (Sean-Ghaeilge Beithe), ainmnithe as an gcrann, beith. Is í an chéad litir, agus dá bharr an ainmlitir, den Aicme Bheithe, sraith chúig litir atá de réir tréithe scríoba síos nó faoi dheis na stoclíne. Is é [b] a luach foghraíochta.

Sanasaíocht

Gaolta is ea an focal Beith le bedw(en) na Breatnaise, bezv(enn) na Briotáinise, agus betula^[1] na Laidine. Athchruaíodh an focal sa Ghaeilge Chianach mar *betwi-s. Tá sé fréamhaithe ón bPróit-Ind-Eorpais *gʷet- 'roisín, guma'.

Bunús

Insítear scéal miotasach na litreach i n-Auraicept na n-Éces:^[2]

This moreover is the first thing that was written by Ogham, [illustration of seven b's, in Ogham script] i.e. (the birch) b was written, and to convey a warning to Lugh son of Eithne it was written respecting his wife lest she should be carried away from him into faeryland, to wit, seven b’s in one switch of birch: Thy wife will be seven times carried away from thee into faeryland or into another country, unless birch guard her.

On that account, moreover, b, birch, takes precedence, for it is in birch that Ogham was first written.

Briatharogham

Is iad a leanas na nathanna meafaracha (kennings) d'ainm na litreach sa Bhriatharogham:^[3]

Féocos foltchaín (feochos, foltchaoin) i mBriatharogham Morann mic Moín
Glaisem cnis (is glaise/léithe cnis/craicinn) i mBriatharogham Mac ind Óc
Maise malach (maise/áille mhala) i mBriatharogham Culainn

Tagairtí

↑ Ceaptar gur iasacht ón bhfocal gaolmhar sa Ghaillis é an focal Laidine betula (en.wikt)
↑ Calder, George (1995). "Auraicept na n-Éces: The Scholars' Primer": 273–4. Dún Éadain (athchló Baile Átha Cliath): John Grant (athchló Four Courts Press).
↑ McManus, Damian (1991). "A Guide to Ogam": 42–3. Magh Nuad, Éire: Maynooth Monographs.

Aicmí agus Litreacha Oghaim
Beith					Uath					Muin					Ailm					Forfeda
B	L	F	S	N	H	D	T	C	Q	M	G	NG	S	R	A	O	U	E	I	EA	OI	UI	IA	AE	P
ᚁ	ᚂ	ᚃ	ᚄ	ᚅ	ᚆ	ᚇ	ᚈ	ᚉ	ᚊ	ᚋ	ᚌ	ᚍ	ᚎ	ᚏ	ᚐ	ᚑ	ᚒ	ᚓ	ᚔ	ᚕ	ᚖ	ᚗ	ᚘ	ᚙ	ᚚ

[1] Ceaptar gur iasacht ón bhfocal gaolmhar sa Ghaillis é an focal Laidine betula (en.wikt)

[2] Calder, George (1995). "Auraicept na n-Éces: The Scholars' Primer": 273–4. Dún Éadain (athchló Baile Átha Cliath): John Grant (athchló Four Courts Press).

[3] McManus, Damian (1991). "A Guide to Ogam": 42–3. Magh Nuad, Éire: Maynooth Monographs.

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