O xene OGDH codifica a subunidade E1 do complexo da alfa-cetoglutarato deshidroxenase que realiza a primeira das reaccións do complexo, na que se produce unha descarboxilación con liberación de CO2. Nas outras unidades encimáticas do complexo ten lugar a formación de succinil-CoA e NADH, que, xunto co CO2, son os produtos finais desta reacción do ciclo do ácido cítrico. A proteína está localizada na matriz mitocondrial e utiliza o cofactorpirofosfato de tiamina.[3] A reacción catalizada é:
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