George Ayittey

George Ayittey
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Tarkwa, 13 Oktoba 1945
ƙasa Ghana
Mutuwa Tarayyar Amurka, 28 ga Janairu, 2022
Makwanci Mount Comfort Cemetery (en) Fassara
Ƴan uwa
Ahali Sherry Ayitey
Karatu
Makaranta University of Manitoba (en) Fassara
University of Ghana
Western University (en) Fassara
Adisadel College (en) Fassara
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a Mai tattala arziki da marubuci
Employers American University (en) Fassara
Wayne State College (en) Fassara
Bloomsburg University (en) Fassara

George BN Ayittey (13 Oktoba 1945 - 28 Janairu 2022) masanin tattalin arzikin Ghana ne, marubuci, kuma shugaban Gidauniyar Free Africa Foundation a Washington, DC Shi malami ne a Jami'ar Amurka, [1]  kuma ƙwararren masani a Cibiyar Binciken Manufofin Harkokin ƙasashen Waje.[2]

Ya ba da hujjar cewa "Afrika matalauciya ce saboda ba ta da 'yanci," cewa babban dalilin talaucin Afirka ba shi da yawa sakamakon zalunci da zalunci da turawan mulkin mallaka suke yi, a maimakon haka sakamakon zalunci na zamani na 'yan asali na zamani da manufofin tsarin tsarin gurguzu na tsakiya (socialist central planning policies).[3] Ya kuma wuce sukan halin da ake ciki inda ya bayar da shawarwari na musamman don magance cin zarafi da aka yi a baya da na yanzu; musamman ya yi kira ga gwamnatin dimokuraɗiyya, ta sake duba basussuka, sabunta ababen more rayuwa, tattalin arzikin kasuwa mai 'yanci, da ciniki cikin 'yanci don bunƙasa na ci gaba.

Rayuwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ayittey ya halarci Kwalejin Adisadel don karatun sakandare kuma ya sami digiri na B.Sc. a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Ghana, Legon, MA daga Jami'ar Western Ontario a Kanada, da kuma Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Manitoba. Ya koyar a Kwalejin Jihar Wayne da Jami'ar Bloomsburg ta Pennsylvania. Ya gudanar da Fellowship na ƙasa a Cibiyar Hoover a cikin shekarun 1988–89, sannan ya shiga Gidauniyar Heritage a matsayin Masanin mazaunin Bradley. Ayittey yayi aiki a kwamitin shawarwari na Students For Liberty kuma ya yi aiki kafada da kafada da Cibiyar sadarwa ta Atlas.

Ya kafa gidauniyar ‘Free Africa Foundation’ a shekarar 1993 don zama mai kawo gyara a Afirka.[4] A cikin shekarar 2008, Manufofin Harkokin ƙasashen Waje sun sanya Ayittey a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin "Masu hankali na Jama'a 100" waɗanda "suna siffanta tenor na zamaninmu." [5]

Ra'ayin Siyasa

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Ayittey ya yi imanin cewa akwai maɓallai guda uku don samun nasarar kubutar da Afirka daga zalunci:

  • Na farko, ya ba da shawarar kafa gamayyar kungiyoyin da suka kunshi ƙananan kungiyoyi na “dattijai” waɗanda ba su da alaka ta siyasa da kuma sanya ido kan ayyukan kungiyoyin adawa daban-daban. Ayittey ya bayyana cewa, "Dole ne su iya kaiwa ga dukkan kungiyoyin adawa."[6] "Ya kamata majalisar ta kawo dukkan 'yan adawa cikin kawance", wanda zai hana kama-karya yin galaba a kan gasa mai tsanani.
  • Na biyu, dole ne ƙasashe su sami iko da ma'aikatan gwamnati, jami'an tsaro, shari'a, cibiyoyin zaɓe, da kuma bankin kasa. Ayittey yana ganin iko da aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan albarkatun a matsayin jigon murƙushe mulkin kama-karya a ƙasashen Afirka. A halin yanzu waɗannan kungiyoyi na karkashin ma’aikatan ‘yan kama-karya ne a faɗin Afirka.
  • Na uku, kuma a karshe, dole ne al'umma ta yi amfani da tsarin gyara daidai gwargwado.

Rayuwa ta sirri

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'Yar'uwar George Ayittey ita ce 'yar siyasa Sherry Ayittey.[7] [8] Ayittey ya mutu a ranar 28 ga watan Janairu 2022[9] kuma an binne shi a ranar 8 ga watan Afrilu 2022.[10]

Ayyukan da aka buga

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  • Cibiyoyin 'Yan Asalin Afirka, Transnational Publishers,, 1991; 2nd ed. , 2004
  • Tsarin Farfadowar Tattalin Arzikin Ghana, Africana Publishers, 1997
  • An ci amanar Afirka, St. Martin's Press, 1992 (Africa Betrayed ta lashe kyautar Mencken na 1992 mafi kyawun littafi.)[11]
  • Afirka a cikin Hargitsi, St. Martin's Press, 1998. [12]
  • Africa Unchained: Tsarin ci gaba, Palgrave/MacMillan, 2004
  • Kashe Masu Mulki: Yakar Azzalumai a Afirka da Duniya baki ɗaya da aka wallafa a watan Satumba 2011.
  • Ilimin Tattalin Arziki na Afirka, Atlas Network, 2018.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ https://www.linkedin.com/in/ayittey LinkedIn Profile of George Ayittey
  2. ↑ "Bio at Foreign Policy Research Institute". Archived from the original on 7 April 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  3. ↑ "BBC World Service | the Forum".
  4. ↑ "Free Africa Foundation". www.freeafrica.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  5. ↑ Top 100 Public Intellectuals, Foreign Policy
  6. ↑ mariam, al. "Ayittey's War on African Dictators". Online article. huffingpost. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  7. ↑ Attah, Haruna (19 October 2000). "Winning Election 2000 Opposition must unite - George Ayittey". Ghana Web. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  8. ↑ "Finding flagbearers". Africa Confidential. 6 February 1998. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  9. ↑ "In Memory of Prof. George B. N. Ayittey". Ever Loved. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  10. ↑ "Famous US-based Ghanaian Author, Economist, George Ayittey dead". My News Ghana. 8 April 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  11. ↑ "The Mencken Awards: 1982–1996".
  12. ↑ Reviewed by Jeremy Harding for The New York Times