Harshen Araki

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Harshen Araki
Dangin harshen	Austronesian ^(en) Malayo-Polynesian ^(en) Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian ^(en) Harsunan Malay-Polynesian na Tsakiya da Gabas Eastern Malayo-Polynesian ^(en) Oceanic ^(en) Central–Eastern Oceanic ^(en) Southern Oceanic ^(en) North and Central Vanuatu ^(en) Harshen Araki
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	akr
Glottolog	arak1252[1]

Araki yare ne da ke kusa da ƙare wanda ake magana a cikin ƙaramin tsibirin Araki, kudu da Tsibirin Espiritu Santo a Vanuatu . Ana maye gurbinsa Araki a hankali da Tangoa, yare daga tsibirin makwabta.

Sunan

Araki [aˈraki] ya fito ne daga yaren Tamambo (tare da alamar a-). ^[2][] asalinsa shine Raki [ˈɾaki].

Yanayin yanzu

An kiyasta Araki yana da masu magana da asali 8 a cikin 2012 tare da ci gaba da Canjin harshe zuwa harshen makwabta Tangoa. Sauran mutanen tsibirin suna da ilimin Araki, wanda ke ba su damar fahimtar shi, amma suna da iyakantaccen ikon magana da shi. Wani babban bangare na ƙamus na Araki, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na idiosyncratic da phonetic na harshe sun ɓace. Masu magana da Araki da yawa suna magana da harshen Bislama a matsayin harshen magana, kodayake amfani da shi galibi a cikin garuruwa biyu na ƙasar, Port-Vila da Luganville, kuma ba sau da yawa a yankunan karkara.

Masanin harshe Alexandre François ^[3] ya bayyana Araki a shekara ta 2002.

Shekara	Pop	Spkr	Tushen
1897	103	103	Miller (1990)
1972		72	Tryon (1972)
1989	112	80	Tryon da Charpentier (1989)
1996	105	105 [ƙasa-alpha 1][lower-alpha 1]	Girma (1996)
1998	121	34	Vari-Bogiri (2008)

Rarraba

Araki na cikin reshen Oceanic na Harsunan Austronesian; mafi mahimmanci, ga ƙungiyar 'Harsunan Arewa da Tsakiyar Vanuatu'.

Fasahar sauti

Araki yana da lissafin sashi na 16 consonant phonemes da wasula 5, waɗanda aka nuna a cikin tebur biyu masu zuwa:

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

Araki yana da ƙwayoyin 16 waɗanda galibi suna bayyana a farkon syllable, tare da wasu banbanci.

Sautin Araki

	Biyuwa	Harshe	Alveolar	Velar	Gishiri
Hanci	Ya kam a yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	Sunan da ake kiraYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	Ya kasan a cikinYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	ŋ kamata a yi amfani da shiYa shafiSanya
Plosive	Sunan hakaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	Sunan da ake kiraYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	Ya kamat a yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	SashenYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya
Rashin lafiya			t͡ʃ ShaanYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya
Fricative	SashenYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya	ð tsara shi neSunan da aka yiSanya	s da aka yiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya		h kamata a yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya
Flap			ɾ yi amfani da shi a matsayinSanya
Trill			Sunan r aka yiSanya
Hanyar gefen			SanyaYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanya

Manazarta

1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Araki". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
2. See entry “Raki” in François (2008).
3. All the information contained in this entry comes from his grammar Araki: A disappearing language of Vanuatu (François (2002)).

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