Berta, da ya dace, a.k.a. Gebeto, Berta, (kuma Bertha, Barta, Burta) ne ke magana a Sudan da Habasha. zuwa shekara ta 2006 Berta tana da kusan masu magana 180,000 a Sudan.
Harsunan Berta guda uku, Gebeto, Fadashi da Undu, galibi ana ɗaukar su yare ɗaya. Berta da ya dace ya haɗa da yarukan Bake, Dabuso, Gebeto, Mayu, da Shuru; ana iya faɗaɗa sunan yaren Gebeto zuwa duk Berta da ta dace.
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Labari
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Dental
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Alveolar
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Palatal
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Velar
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Gishiri
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| Dakatar da
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voiced
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b
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d
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ɟ
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g
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| ejective
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pʼ
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tʼ
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(cʼ)
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kʼ
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(ʔ)
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| implosive
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ɗ
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| Fricative
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voiceless
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f
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θ
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s
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ʃ
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h
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| ejective
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sʼ
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| Hanci
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m
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n
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(Ra'ayi)
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ŋ
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| Rhotic
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r
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| Hanyar gefen
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l
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| Kusanci
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j
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w
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- Ana iya jin murya /b, d, ɡ/ a matsayin mara murya [p, t, k] a cikin bambancin kyauta, kalma-da farko ko kalma-a ƙarshe.
- A glottal tsayawa [ʔ] galibi yana faruwa tsakanin wasula, kuma ana iya jin sautin wasula na farko.
- Tsarin tsayawa a cikin hanci na iya faruwa a matsayin [mb, nd, ŋɡ,表演ʼ].
- /ŋ/ ana jin sa a matsayin [ɲ] lokacin da yake gaba da wasula ta gaba /i/ ko /e/.
- /kʼ/ ana jin sautin baki [cʼ] lokacin da yake gaban wasula na gaba.
- /ɡ/ ana iya jin sautin murya [ɟ] ko kuma sautin muryar murya [c] lokacin da yake gaban wasula na gaba.
- /h/ a cikin matsayi na ƙarshe ana iya jin sa a matsayin fricative [x].
- /s, θ/ na iya faruwa a wasu lokuta kamar yadda aka bayyana [z, ð] a cikin murya ko yanayin hanci.
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A gaba
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Tsakiya
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Komawa
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| Kusa
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i iː
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u uː
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| Tsakanin
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ɛ ɛː
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ɔː
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| Bude
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a aː
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- I sautin da ba a rufe shi ba, /ɛ/ ko /ɔ/, suna kusa da sautin sautin da aka rufe kamar /i/ ko /u/ a cikin jituwa na sautin, ana jin su kamar yadda aka rufe [e, o].
| Phoneme
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Allophone
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| /i/
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[i], [ɨ~]
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| /a/
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[a], [ə], [æ], [ɜ], [ɐ]
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| /u/
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[u], [ʉ], [ʊ]
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Wakilan Berta sune kamar haka:
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Batun da aka yi amfani da shi
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Batun bayan magana
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Abubuwan da ke bayan magana
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| Na
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àl(ì)
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-lɪ́ɪ̀
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-ɟì
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| kai (sg.)
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(à)ŋɡó
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-ŋó
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-ŋɡó
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| shi, ita,
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ɲìnè
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-né
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ɲìnè, -né
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| mu
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χàtâŋ
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-ŋàa
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χàtâŋ
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| kai (pl.)
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χàtú
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χátú
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χàtú
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| su
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mèrée
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mérée
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mèrée
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- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Berta". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Torben Andersen. "Abubuwan da ke tattare da ilimin sauti na Berta". Afrika und Übersee 76: shafi na 41-80.
- Torben Andersen. "Absolutive and Nominative in Berta". ed. Nicolai & Rottland, Na biyar Nilo-Saharan Linguistics Colloquium. Nice, 24-29 ga watan Agusta 1992. Ayyuka. (Nila da Sahara 10). Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. 1995. shafi na 36-49.
- Mista Lionel Bender "Berta Lexicon". A cikin Bender (ed.), Topics in Nilo-Saharan Linguistics (Nilo-Sacharan 3), shafuffuka na 271-304. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag 1989.
- E. Cerulli "Harsunan Berta guda uku a yammacin Habasha", Afirka, 1947.
- Susanne Neudorf & Andreas Neudorf: Bertha - Turanci - Amharic Dictionary. Addis Ababa: Shirin Ci gaban Harshe na Benishangul-Gumuz 2007.
- A. N. Tucker & M. A. Bryan. Nazarin Harshe: Harsunan da ba Bantu ba na Arewa maso gabashin Afirka . London: Jami'ar Oxford Press 1966.
- A. Triulzi, A. A. Dafallah, da M. L. Bender. "Berta". A cikin Bender (ed.), Harsunan da ba na Semitic na Habasha ba. East Lansing, Michigan: Cibiyar Nazarin Afirka, Jami'ar Jihar Michigan 1976, shafi na 513-532.
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