Hukumar Kula da Gyara ta Najeriya

Hukumar Kula da Gyara ta Najeriya
Bayanai
Iri	government agency ^(en) da department of corrections ^(en)
Ƙasa	Najeriya
Mulki
Hedkwata	Abuja
corrections.gov.ng

Hukumar Kula da Gyara ta Najeriya (NCoS), wacce a da aka fi sani da Nigerian Prison Service (NPS), hukuma ce ta gwamnatin Najeriya da ke gudanar da gidajen yari. Hukumar tana da hedikwata a Abuja, ^[1] kuma tana karkashin kulawar Ma’aikatar Cikin Gida da Hukumar Kula da Shige da Fice. ^[2]

Game da

Ofishin Gyara Najeriya wani ɓangare ne na Tsarin Adalci na Laifi wanda yake a Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida.

Ofishin Gyara Najeriyar al'amari ne na tarayya. watau babu ayyukan Gyara Jiha a Najeriya. Sannan Kowace Cibiyar Kula da Gida ita ce Cibiyar Tarayya. Aikin Sabis yana kula da Ma'aikatar Cikin Gida da Hukumar Tsaro, Wuta, Hukumar Shige da Fice da Gyara.

Asali

Asalin aikin Gyara na zamani a Nigeria shine 1861. Wancan shine shekarar da aka kafa kurkuku irin na Yammaci a Najeriya. Bayyanar da Legas a matsayin mulkin mallaka a shekara ta 1861 ya nuna farkon kafa kayan masarufi na gudanar da mulki. A wannan matakin damuwar gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ita ce ta kare halal na kasuwanci, da ba da tabbacin ribar 'yan kasuwar Biritaniya tare da ba da tabbacin ayyukan mishan. Don wannan, a cikin shekara ta 1861, muƙaddashin gwamnan mulkin mallaka na Legas kuma wanda ya kasance sanannen ɗan kasuwar Ingila a Legas, ya kafa Policean sanda na kusan constan sanda 25. An bi wannan a cikin shekara ta 1863 ta hanyar kafa a Legas na kotuna guda huɗu: Kotun 'yan sanda don warware ƙananan rikice-rikice, kotun masu aikata laifuka don yin hukunci mafi tsanani, kotun bawa don yin shari'ar da ta samo asali daga ƙoƙarin soke cinikin bayi da kotun kasuwanci don sasanta rikice-rikice tsakanin yan kasuwa da yan kasuwa. Aikin waɗannan kotunan da 'yan sanda a cikin wannan yanayin mulkin mallaka tabbas yana nufin cewa ana buƙatar kurkuku don kammala tsarin. Kuma ba a daɗe da zuwa ba a cikin shekara 1872, an kafa gidan yarin Broad Street tare da damar fursunoni na farko na 300.

A yankin Neja Delta, kafin wannan lokacin kotuna na musamman na 'yan kasuwar da ke samun goyon bayan Sojojin Ruwan Burtaniya suka daidaita dangantakar da ke tsakanin mutanen yankin da' yan kasuwar ta Burtaniya musamman tare da nada John Beecroft a matsayin karamin jakada a shekarar 1849. An tabbatar da buƙatar kotun 'yan kasuwa ta gaskiyar cewa yawancin rikice-rikice tsakanin' yan kasuwa da jama'ar gari suna cikin babban kasuwancin. Kodayake akwai shaidar kurkuku a Bonny a wannan lokacin, ba a san abubuwa da yawa game da girma da abun ciki ba. Amma waɗanda daga baya za su yi adawa da mulkin Burtaniya yawanci ana tura su kamar yadda ya faru a batun Jaja na Opobo da Sarki Dappa na Bonny.

Koyaya, ci gaba da kutsawar da Birtaniyya tayi zuwa ƙasan bayanta da kuma kafa masarautar Burtaniya zuwa ƙarshen karni na 19 ya tilasta kafa gidajen yarin a matsayin mahaɗi na ƙarshe a cikin Tsarin Adalcin Laifuka. Don haka kafin shekara ta 1910, tuni akwai gidajen yari a Degema, Calabar, Onitsha, Benin, Ibadan, Sapele, Jebba da Lokoja. Sanarwar kare muhalli a kan Gabas, Yamma da Arewa a shekarar 1906 ya sanya duk yankin Najeriya ƙarƙashin mulkin mallakar Burtaniya. Koyaya, wannan ba shine alamar farkon dunkulewar gidajen yarin Najeriya ba.

Duk da haka, gidan kurkukun mulkin mallaka a wannan matakin ba'a tsara shi don gyara kowa ba. Babu wata tsararriyar manufa wacce za a nemi alkibla daga zartar da hukunci. Maimakon haka fursunoni suna cikin babban abin da aka yi amfani da shi don ayyukan jama'a da sauran ayyuka ga mulkin mallaka. A dalilin haka ba a bukatar daukar sabbin hafsoshin fursunoni. Saboda haka gidajen yari na mulkin mallaka ba su da kwararru kuma masu ci gaba na kansu kuma a maimakon haka 'yan sanda ma suna gudanar da aikin gidan yari. Yayin da lokaci ya wuce sai aka dauke tsoffin ma’aikatan da za su yi aikin.

Har ila yau, ba a gudanar da su da kyau kuma yanayin gidan yarin ya bambanta daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan a cikin rashin tsari, rashin son magana da amfani da su. Amma muddin suka yi aiki da bukatun mulkin mallaka na tabbatar da doka da oda, karɓar haraji, da samar da aiki don ayyukan jama'a, gaba daya an bar su su kadai. Sakamakon haka shi ne cewa gidajen yarin sun yi aiki da manufar ladabtar da wadanda suke da kwarin guiwar adawa da mulkin mallaka a cikin wani nau'i ko kuma wancan yayin kuma a lokaci guda suna jin tsoron wadanda suke son tayar da rikici ga mulkin mallaka da aka kafa.

An buga ka’idojin gidan yari a shekara ta 1917 don bayar da umarnin shigar da su, tsare su, kula da su da kuma tsarin rabe-rabensu da kuma daukar ma’aikata, tsarin cin abinci da kuma tsarin sutura a gidajen yarin. Wadannan hanyoyin an iyakance su ne ta hanya guda daya. Ba su da hankali ga kowane irin nau'in kulawa da fursunoni. Madadin haka suna wakiltar manufofin shawo kan waɗanda suka riga sun kasance a kurkuku. Bayan haka, an iyakance su cikin aikace-aikacen ga wadanda aka yanke musu hukunci ko kuma aka tsare su a kurkuku ta kotunan masu aikata laifuka na nau'ikan iko na lardi ko na larduna. Waɗanda kotun ativeasar ta sake turawa ko ta yanke musu hukunci an tura su gidajen yarin Hukumar 'yan Asalin. Har ila yau, dokar gidan yarin ta banbanta tsakanin Jiragen Jiran da fursunonin da aka yanke musu hukunci, har ma ta tanadi hukuncin mai laifin - a cikin kowane gidan yari. Amma takaitaccen aiki da wannan ka’idar zuwa ga Kurkukun kasa yayin da Asalin Hukumomin Kurkukun suka bi yadda suka ga dama wanda hakan ya haifar da bayyanar wata manufa ta Gidan Yarin Kasa dangane da kula da fursunoni.

Har sai a shekara ta 1934 aka yi wani yunƙuri mai ma'ana don shigo da zamanantar da dangi a cikin Hukuncin Gidan Yari. A wannan lokacin ne Kanar VL Mabb ya zama Daraktan gidajen yari na Gwamna na lokacin Sir Donald Cameron. Kodayake jami'in soja ne, Mabb ya fahimci abin da ya kamata gidajen yari su kasance. Kuma ya ci gaba da yin iya kokarinsa. Abin da ya zama kamar ya mayar da hankalinsa a kansa shi ne samar da hadadden tsarin Gidan Yari ga kasar baki daya amma ya kasa. Amma duk da haka ya yi nasarar fadada babban Daraktan kula da gidajen yari da ikon dubawa a kan gidajen Yari na Hukumar Native har zuwa wannan lokacin da ya fi karfi a Arewa. Har ila yau, a lokacinsa ne aka kafa Hukumar Jin Dadin Kare Kurkukun.

Magajinsa RH Dolan ne zai ci gaba da ƙoƙarinsa a shekara ta (1946 - 55). Mista Dolan ma'aikacin gidan yari ne da aka horar kuma a lokacin da ya fara aiki a Najeriya ya riga ya samu gogewa sosai a harkokin kula da gidan yari a Burtaniya da kuma masarautu. Duk da cewa an bullo da wani shiri na bullo da koyar da sana’o’i a gidajen yarin kasar a shekara ta 1917 amma abin ya faskara sai a kurkukun Kaduna da Lokoja inda yake aiki a shekara ta 1926, Mista Dolan ya sake gabatar da shi a shekarar 1949 a matsayin wani bangare na maganin azabtarwa a Najeriya. Ya kuma sanya fursunoni ya zama tilas a duk gidajen yari sannan ya ci gaba da gabatar da ziyarar dangantakar da ke tsakanin fursunonin. Ya kuma gabatar da tsarin neman ci gaba don masu laifi na farko na dogon lokaci. Ya kuma sauya Hedikwatar Gidajen Yari da ke Enugu zuwa Legas domin saukaka hadin kai da sauran Ma’aikatar Gwamnati. Ya kuma gabatar da azuzuwan koyar da tarbiyya da na manya wadanda Ministocin da suka dace da malamai za su kula da ilimin addinin Kirista da na Musulunci. An gabatar da shirye-shiryen nishadi da shakatawa na fursunoni a lokacinsa tare da kafa kungiyar kula da kula da kula da fursunonin da aka sallama. Amma a sama da haka, ya kirkiro da wani shiri na ginawa tare da fadada har ma da manyan gidajen yari don inganta tsarin yadda fursunoni suke da matsuguni.

Dangane da ci gaban ma'aikata, ya kasance muhimmiyar rawa ga kafuwar Makarantar Horon Fursuna, Enugu a shekara ta 1947. Ya kuma ga sanya sabbin mata masu ilimi wadanda za su kula da fikafikan mata na gidajen yari kuma gaba daya ya yi kokarin inganta yanayin aikin ma'aikatan gidan yarin. Bugu da kari, ya dauki matakin rabewa a yayin da a ahekara ta 1948 ya bude ofisoshin kawo canji hudu a Legas ya kuma sauya wani bangare na gidajen yarin Port-Harcourt don gidaje da kula da yara. Shekaru biyar bayan haka ya kasance zai gina buɗaɗɗen kurkuku a Kakuri - Kaduna don kula da masu laifi na farko waɗanda suka aikata laifuka kamar su kisan kai da kisan kai, kuma waɗanda suke wa'adin shekara 15 ko fiye. Manufar ita ce a horar da su da karamin kulawa a harkar noma domin idan sun sauke su yi aiki da kansu ta hanyar samun nasara. A zahiri, wa'adin Dolan ya wakilci babban matsayi a cigaban Fursunonin Najeriya. ^[2]

Kurkuku sun hada da: ^[3]

Jihar Adamawa:

• Kurkukun Yola

Jihar Ebonyi:

• Kurkukun Abakiliki

Babban Birnin Tarayya:

• Kurkukun matsakaiciyar Kuje

Jihar Legas:

• Kurkukun Ikoyi
• Kirikiri Mafi Tsaron Kurkuku
• Kurkukun Tsaro na Kirikiri
• Kurkukun matan Kirikiri - kurkukun mata daya tilo a Najeriya ^[4]

Jihar Edo:

• Kurkukun Tsaro na Tsaro, Oko

Jihar Yobe:

• Kurkukun Gashuwa Mafi Girma

Duba kuma

• Hutun gidan yari na Bauchi
• Najeriya gidan yari
• Hutun gidan yari na Lagos

Manazarta

1. "Invitation to Tender for the Supply of Cooking Gas to Nigerian Prisons, for the Period 1st January to 31st December, 2015 Archived 2019-12-03 at the Wayback Machine." Nigerian Prisons Service. Retrieved on 22 March 2016. "National Headquarters, Bill Clinton Drive, Airport Road, Abuja."
2. "About The Service Archived 2019-12-03 at the Wayback Machine." Nigerian Prisons Service. Retrieved on 22 March 2016.
3. "Nigerian Prisons Service Prisons and Capacities Archived 2016-04-03 at the Wayback Machine." Nigerian Prisons Service. Retrieved on 22 March 2016.
4. Chiama, Paul. "Nigeria’s Famous Prisons" (Archive). Leadership. 7 August 2015. Retrieved on 22 March 2016.

Hanyoyin haɗin waje

• Ayyukan Gidajen Yari na Najeriya