Ilimi a Mali

Ilimi a Mali
education in country or region (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Facet of (en) Fassara karantarwa
Ƙasa Mali
Wuri
Map
 17°N 4°W / 17°N 4°W / 17; -4
Image of schooling in Kati, Mali
Wata makaranta a Kati, Mali.

Ilimi a Mali ana daukar shi a matsayin hakki na asali na 'yan Mali.[1] Ga mafi yawan tarihin Mali, gwamnati ta raba ilimin firamare zuwa zagaye biyu wanda ya ba da damar ɗaliban Mali su yi jarrabawa don samun shiga sakandare, sakandare, ko ilimi mafi girma. Mali kwanan nan ta ga karuwar yawan shiga makaranta saboda sauye-sauyen ilimi.[2][2]

Mali tana da dogon tarihi game da ilimi, wanda ya samo asali ne daga shekarun da suka gabata kafin 1960, lokacin da Mali ke ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa.[3] Bayan samun 'yancin kai, gwamnatin Mali ta yi ƙoƙari da yawa don haɗa ƙarin ilimin Afirka da harsuna biyu a cikin ɗakunan ajiya. Bugu da ƙari, bayan shekarun 1990s, lokacin da gwamnatin Mali ta sauya daga tsarin jam'iyya ɗaya zuwa dimokuradiyya, gwamnati ta kirkiro manufofi waɗanda suka mayar da hankali kan karatu da rubutu da ingancin ilimi.[4]

Baya ga makarantun firamare na jama'a da masu zaman kansu, wasu nau'ikan makarantu a Mali sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sana'a da fasaha, makarantun addini, makarantun al'umma, da makarantu ga nakasassu. Musamman tunda Islama ita ce babbar addini a Mali, madrassa da medersas cibiyoyin Islama ne guda biyu waɗanda yawancin mutanen Mali ke halarta.[5] Bugu da ƙari, makarantun al'umma sun zama masu shahara a wannan ƙasar tun lokacin da yawanci suna da sauƙin isa, musamman ga ɗaliban karkara, kuma suna bawa ɗalibai damar shiga cikin al'ummominsu.[1] A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, al'ummomi da yawa sun kirkiro shirye-shirye don shigar da kurame da nakasassu dalibai cikin ɗakunan ajiya.[6]

Tare da kusan rabin 'yan Mali masu shekaru 15-24 marasa karatu, karatu da rubutu ya kasance batun damuwa ga gwamnatin Mali. [7] Shirye-shiryen kasa don magance wannan batun suna mai da hankali kan ba wa ɗalibai ilimin da suke buƙata don karantawa da rubutu.[8] Bayan haka, al'ummomi da ƙasashen waje suna ƙoƙari su haɗa karatun Bayan karatu da rubutu da haɗin karatu a cikin shirye-shiryen ilimi don ba da damar ɗalibai su yi amfani da sabbin ƙwarewarsu don taimakawa tattalin arziki da al'umma.[9][10] Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun misali na aikin karatu da rubutu da Mali ta shiga shine Shirin Nazarin Duniya na gwaji.[4][10]

Bambance-bambance tsakanin Faransanci, yaren ƙasar Mali, da yarukan gida sun haifar da matsaloli da yawa a ilimi. Samun dama, wuri na ƙasa, nuna bambancin jinsi, da ingancin ilimi suma batutuwan da yawancin 'yan Mali ke fuskanta. Abinci, abinci mai gina jiki, cututtuka, nakasa, da rashin ingancin ilimi suna taimakawa ga wasu matsalolin da ke tattare da ilimi a wannan ƙasar. Duk da haka, an sami shirye-shiryen cikin gida da na kasashen waje da yawa don fuskantar wasu daga cikin waɗannan batutuwan. Bugu da ƙari, manufofin kasashen waje, kamar waɗanda ke Amurka da Faransa, da kuma shirye-shiryen al'umma, kamar tattara masu raye-raye, sun haɓaka ilimin Mali.

Mali

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ "Delivering Education For All in Mali (Report) | Oxfam International". www.oxfam.org. 14 July 2014. Retrieved 2019-10-21.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :9
  3. ↑ "Mali - History Background". education.stateuniversity.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  4. ↑ Gadio, Moussa (June 2011). "Policy Review on Adult Learning: The Adult Non-formal Education Policy of Mali, West Africa". Adult Learning (in Turanci). 22 (3): 20–24. doi:10.1177/104515951102200303. ISSN 1045-1595.
  5. ↑ Bell, Dianna (2015). "Choosing Medersa: Discourses on Secular versus Islamic Education in Mali, West Africa". Africa Today. 61 (3): 45–63. doi:10.2979/africatoday.61.3.45. JSTOR 10.2979/africatoday.61.3.45. S2CID 141894424.
  6. ↑ Nyst, Victoria (2015). "The Sign Language Situation in Mali". Sign Language Studies. 15 (2): 126–150. ISSN 0302-1475. JSTOR 26190976.
  7. ↑ "Mali". uis.unesco.org. 2016-11-27. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
  8. ↑ Ouane, Adama; Amon-Tanoh, Yvette (December 1990). "Literacy in French-Speaking Africa: A Situational Analysis". African Studies Review. 33 (3): 21. doi:10.2307/524184. JSTOR 524184. S2CID 146237101.
  9. ↑ Cisse, Seydou (2001). "Post Literacy in Mali". Journal AED - Adult Education and Development. 51. Archived from the original on 2022-02-13. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Turrittin, Jane (February 1989). "Integrated Literacy in Mali". Comparative Education Review. 33: 59–76. doi:10.1086/446812. S2CID 143699761.