Katina P

Katina P
oil tanker ^(en)
Wuri
25°35′S 32°59′E / 25.58°S 32.98°E / -25.58; 32.98

katina

katina

Katina P dai wani jirgin ruwa ne na ƙasar Girka ɗauke da tan 72,000 na mai wanda ya nutse a gabar tekun Mozambique a ranar 26 ga watan Afrilun 1992.

Nitsewa

A ranar 17 ga watan Afrilun 1992, babban jirgin ruwan Malta mallakar Girka, Katina P da gangan ya yi ƙasa a gwuiwa da jirgin ruwa mai nisan 40 kilometres (25 mi) arewacin Maputo a Mozambique sannan aka watsar da jirgin ruwa. Jirgin ruwan da ya taso daga Venezuela zuwa gabar tekun Farisa, ya yi asarar faranti a lokacin wata guguwa. Biyu daga cikin tankunan jirgin sun fashe sun kuma zubar da kimanin tan 13,000 na man #6 mai nauyi a cikin tashar Mozambik . Haka kuma ton 3,000 ya yoyo daga cikin jirgin a lokacin da yake ƙasa.^[1]

Jirgin ruwan ɗan ƙasar Afrika ta Kudu John Ross, ya samu kwangila ne daga kamfanin Pentow Marine domin ya jawo nakasasshiyar tankar mai zuwa tashar Mozambik inda za a mika ragowar man zuwa wata tankar mai. A lokacin da Katina P ta yi jigilar jirgin ruwa kuma a ranar 26 ga watan Afrilun 1992 ta nutse a cikin 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) ruwa, 173 kilometres (107 mi) daga gabar tekun Mozambique da 440 kilometres (270 mi) arewa maso gabas da Maputo. Ba a dai bayyana dalilin da ya sa ba a yi jigilar man a farkon jigilar man ba, saboda lokaci ya yi. ^[2][3] Agulhas na kudu-motsi a halin yanzu yada man fetur da aka zubar a cikin Maputo Bay, ƙofofin Incomati da Matola kogin, mangrove swamps na Montanhana da Catembe, rairayin bakin teku na Catembe, Polana, Costa do Sol da Bairro dos Pescadores, Xefinas Island, da yawa tare da. bala'in muhalli da zamantakewa da tattalin arziki.^[4]

An ce an biya diyyar dala miliyan 10.7, amma a ƙarshe an biya dala miliyan 4.5 ga gwamnatin Mozambique. Rashin ƙwararrun ƙasar Mozambik a kan iƙirarin teku da kuma rashin kasancewarta mamba a hukumar kula da jiragen ruwa ta ƙasa da ƙasa an bayyana shi a matsayin dalilan da ya haifar da ƙaramin adadin diyya. Sakamakon haka an biya kuɗin ne dangane da tsarin biyan diyya na son rai da masana'antar mai da kanta ke gudanarwa, wanda aka fi sani da TOVALOP . Binciken da ya biyo bayan bala'in ya nuna rashin kulawa da yawa daga masu mallakar da kyaftin na Katina P. An shirya rugujewar tankar da ba ta dace ba, kuma tana kan hanyarta ne daga Rio de Janeiro zuwa Bangladesh inda za a fasa ta. Yayin da aka tsallaka Tekun Atlantika an ba da umarnin sanyawa da lodin mai a Venezuela da ke shirin zuwa Fujirah a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa.^[5]

Katina P

Wasu tankokin yaki 5,000 a kowace shekara ana fatattakar su ta tashar Mozambik a shekarar 1999. Daga cikin waɗannan, 1,200 Manyan Masu Dauke Da Danyen Danyen Ruwa ne, kowannensu yana ɗauke da a ƙalla tan 200,000. Tare da wannan bakin teku mai rauni babu wani shiri na gaggawa na gurɓatar ruwa, haka kuma babu wata doka da ta shafi diyya ga barnar da malalar ta yi.^[6]

Sauran amfani

Katina P

An kuma yi amfani da sunan Katina P don tuƙin jigilar kaya na 1,216 da Mackie & Thomson na Govan suka gina a cikin shekarar 1900, kuma mai suna Roman . A cikin shekarar 1906 an sake masa suna Prince Leopold na Belgique kuma a cikin shekarar 1923 Anastasios . A shekarar 1927 an sake mata suna L. Fafalios kuma a cikin shekarar 1929 Maria . A cikin shekarar 1939 an sake mata suna Katina P don GJ Papayannakis na Piraeus a Girka. A ranar 7 ga watan Mayun 1941, lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye Girka, jirgin Jamus ya jefa mata bam a Astakos, Girka.^[7]

Duba kuma

• Jerin zubewar mai

Manazarta

1. "Oil disaster as tanker runs aground and sinks in Mozambique Channel" (PDF). Baobab News. South Dearborn, Chicago: Mozambique Solidarity Office. 1 (7). May 1992. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
2. "Location of major oil spills". ThinkQuest. 2010. Archived from the original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
3. "Katina P". Incident News (NOAA). Archived from the original on 8 November 2008.
4. Aswathanarayana, U. (2009). "Biogeochemical and Socio-economic Consequences of Katina-P Oil Spill Disaster in Maputo Bay, and its Lessons". National Environment Commission. Retrieved 11 September 2001.
5. "Compensation for Katina-P oil spill". Mozambique News Agency. 1997. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
6. Ferraz, Bernardo; Munslow, Barry (2000). Sustainable development in Mozambique. Africa World Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-0-865-43749-4.
7. "Katina P. Cargo Ship 1900–1941". wrecksite.eu. 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2012.