Kundin hakkoki

Kundin hakkoki
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Kundin haƙƙoƙi wani kwatance ne don bayyana rikitattun abubuwan mallakar kadarori . [1] Malaman makarantar shari'a na kwasa-kwasan dokar kadarori na gabatarwa akai-akai suna amfani da wannan ra'ayi don bayyana "cikakken" mallakar kadar a matsayin yanki na haƙƙoƙi daban-daban na masu ruwa da tsaki .[2]

Yawan haƙƙoƙin ana koyar da su a cikin azuzuwan kadarori na makarantar doka ta shekara ta farko don bayyana yadda kadarorin za su kasance “mallaka” a lokaci guda ta ƙungiyoyi da yawa. Kalmar, "kundin haƙƙin mallaka," wataƙila an yi amfani da ita a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 kuma ya ci gaba da samun ƙasa daga baya. Kafin haka, ra'ayin dukiya ya fi ƙara wa mai shi ikon mallakar wani abu, yana sanya takunkumi ga wasu daga yin kutse ga dukiyar mai shi. "Kashe hakkoki," ya nuna dokoki masu suna, suna da fifiko, ko ba da izinin ayyuka a ɓangaren mai shi. [3]

Mallakar ƙasa shawara ce mai rikitarwa fiye da kawai samun duk haƙƙoƙinsa . Yana da amfani a yi tunanin tarin haƙƙoƙin da za a iya raba da sake haɗawa. " Daurin sanduna " – wanda kowane sanda yake wakiltar haƙƙin mutum - kwatanci ne gama gari da aka yi don tarin haƙƙoƙi. Duk mai mallakar kadara yana da saitin “sanduna” masu alaƙa da ƙasar kai tsaye. [4]

Misali, kamalar jinginar kanikanci yana ɗaukar wasu haƙƙoƙin, amma ba duka ba, daga cikin haƙƙoƙin da mai shi ke riƙe. Kashe wannan jingina yana mayar da waɗancan haƙƙoƙin ko kuma “manne” ga tarin da mai shi ke riƙe. A cikin Amurka (kuma a ƙarƙashin dokar gama gari) ana kiran cikakken take hakkin mallaka ga dukiya " mai sauƙi mai sauƙi ." Hatta ikon mallakar filayen gwamnatin tarayya na Amurka an iyakance ta ta wasu hanyoyi ta dokar mallakar ƙasa.

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  1. ↑ http://scholarship.law.uc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1164&context=uclr Samfuri:Bare URL PDF
  2. ↑ http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4601&context=fss_papers Samfuri:Bare URL PDF
  3. ↑ Klein, Daniel B. and John Robinson. "Property: A Bundle of Rights? Prologue to the Property Symposium," Econ Journal Watch 8(3): 193-204, Sept 2011.
  4. ↑ E.g., United States v. Craft, 535 U.S. 274, 278, 152 L.Ed. 2d 437, 446, 122 S.Ct. 1414, 1420 (2002) (describing the "bundle of sticks" as a "collection of individual rights which, in certain combinations, constitute property").
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  • Introduction to Property Rights: A Historical Perspective Archived 2008-07-18 at the Wayback Machine
  • Introduction to Property Rights: A Historical Perspective Archived 2008-07-18 at the Wayback Machine