Kungiyar Kasuwancin Kudi

Hutun kudin

 

Kungiyar Kasuwancin Kudi
labor union ^(en)
Bayanai
Farawa	1991
Ƙasa	Asturaliya
Shafin yanar gizo	fsunion.org.au

Ƙungiyar Sashen Kudi ta Ostiraliya (FSU) kungiya ce ta farar fata wacce ke wakiltar masu sana'a da ke aiki a Bankin, Kudi, Inshora da Masana'antu a Ostiraliya.

An kafa FSU ne daga hadewa a cikin 1991 na ƙananan ƙungiyoyi daban-daban da aka samo daga banki, inshora, amintacce, dillalai, da masana'antun kuɗi gaba ɗaya.

Tarihi

Asalin Kungiyar Sashen Kudi ta Ostiraliya (FSU) ya koma 1919, lokacin da aka kafa Kungiyar Jami'an Bankin Australia (ABOA). Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Inshora ta Australiya (AISF) ta biyo baya a cikin 1920. An yi ƙoƙari mara kyau don kafa ƙungiyar jami'an banki a 1913, amma an gano magatakarda na banki da ke da alhakin tafiyar kuma an kore shi. Koyaya, tsoffin sojoji da suka dawo daga ramukan yakin duniya na ba su da halin da za a bi da su ta wannan hanyar, kuma imanin kansu ne da suka bunkasa a fagen yaƙi na Faransa da Gabas ta Tsakiya wanda ya ba su amincewa don kafa nasu, ƙungiyar ma'aikata masu zaman kansu.

Wannan ba lallai ba ne su zama masu tsattsauran ra'ayi kamar haka, ko kuma niyyar su ne su tsattsa ra'ayi bangaren kudi. Lalle ne, duka ABOA da AISF sun kasance ƙungiyoyi masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sosai na shekaru da yawa; an zaɓi kalmomi kamar ƙungiya da tarayya da gangan don rarrabe waɗannan ƙungiyoyi daga 'yan uwan su masu fafutuka, masu launin shudi.

Ya zama dole, duk da haka, a yi la'akari da yanayin ƙungiyar da ABOA da AISF ke aiki a farkon shekarun karni na 20. Da farko, babu ma'aikatan mata a ko dai kamfanonin banki ko inshora a Ostiraliya a wannan lokacin. An samo sabbin ma'aikata ne kawai daga yankunan karkara da yankunan karamar hukuma, kuma musamman daga iyalai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya inda mahaifinsa lauya ne, likita, ko memba ne na wasu ayyukan da ake girmamawa. Ayyuka a bangaren kudi a wannan lokacin suna da matsayi mai girma; amma ainihin aikin - musamman a cikin ƙananan matakan - ya kasance mai gajiyarwa, maimaitawa, ana kula da shi sosai, kuma ba a biya shi sosai ba. Bugu da ƙari, aikin ma'aikaci (wanda zai iya ɗaukar shekaru biyu) ba a biya shi ba, yana buƙatar iyalansu su tallafa musu; wannan ya taimaka wajen tabbatar da aikin jawo ma'aikata daga aji na tsakiya. Ana buƙatar ma'aikata su sa tufafi na al'ada; ana buƙatar su ɗora hularsu kuma su yi magana da shugabanninsu a matsayin "sir"; an hana su yin aure har sai bankin ya yi imanin cewa za su iya tallafa wa iyali kudi kuma don haka ba za su lalata matsayin bankin ba; kuma an hana su halartar tarurrukan jama'a, shiga cikin kamfen na siyasa, ko neman mukamin gwamnati.

Har ila yau, yaƙi da tasirin su shine gaskiyar cewa ABOA da AISF a zahiri biyu ne kawai daga cikin ƙungiyoyin ma'aikatan jihar da suka fito a bangaren kudi a wannan lokacin. Wadannan kungiyoyi daban-daban ba lallai bane suyi aiki tare, ko ma su kalli juna a matsayin abokan tarayya na halitta don amfanin membobinsu. A wasu lokuta, ba har zuwa shekarun 1960 ba ne na karshe daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyin jihohi suka amince da haɗuwa da abokan hamayyar su na tarayya. Wannan rarrabawar membobin ta halitta ta tabbatar da cewa jimlar ABOA da AISF sun kasance karami na shekaru da yawa; kuma waɗanda suka shiga akai-akai sun ci gaba da halaye na bambanci da biyayya waɗanda al'adun masana'antu suka koya musu.

Koyaya, a ƙarshen shekarun 1950, ABOA da AISF sun kasance mambobi ne na Majalisar Albashi da Kwararrun Kwararrun Australiya (ACSPA), ƙungiyar laima da ke ci gaba da aiki tare da Majalisar Kwararrun Ma'aikata ta Australiya (ACTU) a kan albashi na asali, da shari'o'i na gefe; kuma, musamman, jagorancin ABOA ya nemi dangantaka ta kusa da sauran ƙungiyar.^[1]

Kafin Yaƙin Duniya na II

Duk da matsaloli da yawa da AISF da ABOA suka fuskanta, gaskiyar kafa su ta sa bankunan su kara albashin ma'aikata a cikin 1919 da 1920. A cikin 1921, masu daukar ma'aikata na inshora sun amince da rajistar da'awar da AISF ta gabatar, don haka sun kafa ma'auni na farko na kasa don yanayin aiki a wannan masana'antar. Wadannan ci gaba, da kuma kafa kungiyoyin ma'aikata da kansu, sun yi fushi sosai da ma'aikatan banki da inshora, wadanda suka karɓi dabaru masu yawa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi daga kulawa da ba 'yan kungiyar ba zuwa tsoratar da kai tsaye don lalata tasirin AISF da ABOA.

Babban Mawuyacin hali na 1930-39 lokaci ne na matsanancin wahala ga ƙungiyoyin biyu. Rashin tattalin arzikin kasa da ke raguwa sosai ya haifar da yanayi na tsoro da tsoro, inda tunanin aikin masana'antu ya kasance abin ƙyama kuma tsoron rashin aikin yi ya yi makirci don samar da ma'aikata masu biyayya. A cikin wannan yanayi, masu daukar ma'aikata na kudi sun ci gaba da kai farmaki, yanke ayyukan yi kuma, a wani misali, suna ba da raguwar albashi na 20% ga ma'aikatan inshora. Ba abin mamaki ba ne, membobin ƙungiyar sun shiga raguwa sosai, sun sauka daga 1281 a 1931 zuwa 858 a 1937.

Duk da wadannan mawuyacin hali, AISF ta sami nasarar lashe nasara daya a shekarar 1931. A wannan shekarar, Kotun Arbitration ta ba da izinin masu daukar ma'aikata na inshora su rage albashin da ƙarin 10%; a kan roko ga Babban Kotun, AISF ta yi nasarar jayayya cewa wannan ƙarin raguwa ya ɗauki albashin da ke ƙasa da mafi ƙarancin abin da ya haifar da ikirarin biyan kuɗi na 1927 da kuma lambar yabo ta gaba. Wannan hukuncin ya tabbatar da cewa raguwar albashi ba zai iya ci gaba da faruwa ba har abada.

Gabaɗaya, magana, duk da haka, shekarun 1930 sun kasance lokacin da matsanancin yanayin tattalin arziki ya sa ƙungiyoyin biyu ba su da tasiri.

Bayan WWII

Sakamakon yakin duniya na biyu, kuma musamman, ikon tattalin arziki na mata, ya gabatar da sabbin kalubale ga ƙungiyoyin biyu. Rashin ma'aikata a lokacin yakin ya haifar da mata da yawa da ke daukar ayyukan da aka dauka a baya a matsayin maza kawai; a ƙarshen yaƙin, mata da yawa sun ji cewa bai kamata su mika ayyukan da suka nuna cewa za su iya yin yadda ya kamata kamar takwarorinsu na maza. AISF da ABOA sun fuskanci matsalar karɓar buƙatun aiki ta hanyar dawo da ma'aikata tare da ƙaruwa da muryar masana'antu na ma'aikatan mata. Wannan matsala an warware ta ne kawai ta hanyar bunkasa inshora da banki bayan yakin, wanda ya haifar da bukatar ma'aikata waɗanda za su iya samar da su ne kawai ta wurin ma'aikatan maza da ke akwai. Bugu da ƙari, masu ba da aiki da yawa sun sake rarraba su a matsayin "mata" ayyuka da yawa da aka lakafta "maza", kuma suna farin cikin ɗaukar mata a cikin waɗannan matsayi - kuma suna biyan su a ƙananan albashi.

Koyaya, tun farkon 1927, Babban Jami'in AISF ya goyi bayan kiran daidaito na albashi, kuma a cikin 1941, ya sami lambar yabo da ta kafa mafi ƙarancin albashi na mata. A cikin 1942, wani taro na ma'aikatan inshora mata 600 sun yi kira ga aiwatar da ka'idar albashi daidai; kuma a cikin 1948, AISF da sauran kungiyoyin kwadago sun yi yakin neman zabe a kan wannan batun. Koyaya, wannan turawa ta shawo kan dokar biyan albashi bayan yaƙi; ba za a sake aiwatar da shi ba har zuwa shekarun 1970s.

ABOA ta shafe lokacin da ya biyo bayan yakin ta shiga cikin mummunan gardama tare da gwamnatin Chifley Labor game da shirye-shiryenta na mallakar masana'antar banki, kuma ta taimaka wajen zaben gwamnatin Menzies Liberal a shekarar 1949. A cikin shekarun 1950s ABOA ta fara manyan kamfen na masana'antu guda uku: turawa don mako na aiki na kwanaki 5; gabatar da hutun aiki mai tsawo; da daidaita albashi tsakanin bankunan masu zaman kansu da Bankin Commonwealth. Wadannan kamfen ɗin sun haifar da karuwar masana'antu tsakanin ma'aikatan banki; an yi la'akari da aikin masana'antu a karo na farko a tarihin ABOA; kuma an sami karuwar albashi a 1951, 1954, da 1959. Hakkin yin aiki na kwanaki 5 a karshe an samu a 1963.

Shekaru na 1960 da 70

ABOA da AISF sun shafe yawancin rabin farko na shekarun 1960 suna karfafa matsayinsu a matsayin wakilin muryar ma'aikatan banki da inshora, a ƙarshe sun sami haɗuwa da ƙungiyoyin ma'aikatan jihohi daban-daban (AISF kuma ta canza sunanta zuwa Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Inshora ta Australiya; ABOA ba ta zama ABEU - Ƙungiyar Ma Ma'aikatan Bankin Australiya - har zuwa wani lokaci daga baya)). A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, ƙungiyoyin biyu sun sake yin gwagwarmaya don daidaita albashi ga mata. Ma'aikatan maza sun yi tsayayya da aikin mata (kuma sun yi fushi) har zuwa barkewar WWII, kuma sau da yawa ana jurewa ne kawai bayan wannan rikici saboda sauye-sauyen yanayin tattalin arziki. A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, duk da haka, mata sun kafa mafi yawan ma'aikata a cikin banki da inshora, kuma kodayake ba su da wakilci a cikin ƙungiyoyin yanke shawara na ƙungiyoyi biyu, sun sami nasarar matsawa shari'ar don kamfen ɗin daidaitaccen albashi.

Mataki na farko ya faru ne lokacin da ABOA ta kafa manufofin tallafawa membobin mata waɗanda suka yi ikirarin biyan kuɗi don yin "ƙarin ayyuka" - wato, aikin da aka rarraba a matsayin "maza". A shekara ta 1969, Kotun Arbitration ta yanke shawarar da ta tsara jadawalin don kawar da nuna bambancin albashi na jinsi, kuma a shekara ta 1970, ABOA ta sami diyya ga mata huɗu waɗanda ba a biya su albashi na "maza" ba yayin yin aikin "maza". A cikin 1972, AIEU da ABOA sun gabatar da da'awar bambancin kyaututtuka, wanda ya haifar da yanke shawara cewa za a dakatar da tsarin albashi na jinsi a shekara ta 1975. Lokacin da ma'aikata suka yi barazanar jan sarkar a kan aiwatar da waɗannan gyare-gyare, AIEU ta ba da izinin yajin aiki - karo na farko da ƙungiyar malamai masu farar fata a Ostiraliya ta yi irin wannan izini. Membobin AIEU sun goyi bayan shi sosai.

A sakamakon wadannan kamfen, a watan Nuwamba 1975, AIEU da ABOA a ƙarshe sun sami nasarar kawar da tsarin albashi na jinsi.

Shekaru na 1970 sun ga ABOA da AISF sun kaddamar da kamfen guda biyu masu nasara: na farko, don aiwatar da hutun shekara-shekara na makonni huɗu; kuma, na biyu, kafa mafi ƙarancin haƙƙoƙi ga ma'aikatan da suka rasa ayyukansu ta hanyar jinkirta saboda canjin ƙungiya ko fasaha.

Shekaru na 1980 da bayan haka

Rashin ka'idojin bangaren kudi na Australiya a cikin shekarun 1980 ya haifar da masana'antu mai saurin canzawa, wanda aka watsar da tsoffin tabbacin kuma tasirin manufofin tattalin arziki na neo-liberal ya zama mafi bayyane. Ɗaya daga cikin canje-canjen da aka fi sani da shi shine fitowar "dukan kuɗi", ra'ayin cewa kamfanonin banki da inshora sun fita daga wuraren aikinsu na gargajiya, kuma, ta hanyar haɗuwa, karɓar mulki, da haɗin gwiwar dabarun, suna duban maimakon su ba abokan cinikin su jerin banki, inshora, kayan hannun jari, da samfuran sabis na kuɗi. Fuskar da ke canzawa cikin sauri na banki da inshora ya buƙaci amsa mai jituwa wanda ba za a kafa shi a cikin takamaiman masana'antu ba, amma wanda a maimakon haka zai iya rufe dukkan fannin kudi da ayyukan da suka shafi kudi.

Dangane da sauye-sauyen fuska da shugabanci na masana'antar kudi a Ostiraliya, kuma bayan tattaunawa mai yawa, an kafa Kungiyar Sashen Kudi ta Ostiraliya a watan Yulin 1991 lokacin da ABEU da AIEU suka kada kuri'a don haɗuwa da ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar da ta dogara da masana'antar kanta, sabanin rarrabuwa mai rikitarwa tsakanin kasuwancin inshora da kudi. Ya biyo bayan cewa ƙananan ƙungiyoyi huɗu sun shiga cikin wannan haɗuwa: Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan AMP, Ƙungiyar Jami'an Kamfanoni Masu Amincewa; Ƙungiyar Ma Ma'aikatan Wool Brokers; da Ƙungiyar Jamiʼan Bankin Tsaro. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1994, FSU ta kara karfafawa lokacin da kungiyar jami'an bankin Commonwealth ta shiga kungiyar, yayin da take ci gaba da riƙe wasu ayyuka a matsayin sashi daban a cikin ƙungiyar.

A wannan lokacin, FSU ta kuma mayar da martani ga sauye-sauyen yanayin wurin aiki ta hanyar kaddamar da kamfen ɗin da ya ci nasara don gabatar da hutun haihuwa da aka biya (wanda ya biyo bayan hutun iyaye da aka biya, ban da jinsi), raba aiki, da kuma gabatar da hutunin rashin lafiya na ma'aikaci don ma'aikatan da aka jinkirta waɗanda suka sake samun aiki a cikin masana'antar cikin watanni 12 bayan dakatar da su daga ma'aikatarsu ta baya. Koyaya, sakamakon saurin canjin fasaha, sake fasalin wuraren aiki da kuma sakamakon haka na ayyukan yi, da aiwatar da canje-canje masu yawa ga dokar masana'antu ta Australiya ta gwamnatin Howard Liberal, yana nufin cewa manyan ƙalubale da yawa suna fuskantar FSU a nan gaba da nan gaba.

A ranar 1 ga Oktoba 2006, Sashen Jami'an Bankin Commonwealth (CBOS) ya haɗu da FSU kuma ya daina zama wani bangare daban a cikin FSU.

A ranar 24 ga Oktoba 2022, Hukumar Aiki ta Gaskiya ta amince da gyare-gyare ga dokokin FSU. Sabbin dokoki sun cire sassan da rassan Tarayyar kuma sun samar da FSU don aiki a matsayin tsarin ƙasa ɗaya.

Masu jefa kuri'a na Tarayyar

Dukkanin mambobi suna haɗe da aiki da masu jefa kuri'a na ƙasa kuma ana iya haɗe su da masu jefa takara na sana'a da / ko na musamman idan sun nuna kansu tare da wannan masu jefa takarda:

Zabe na Aiki	Yanayin Zabe	Masu Zabe na Ayyuka	Masu Zabe na Musamman
Bankin ANZ	Vic/Tas	Fitowa	LGBTQIA+
Bankwest	NSW/ACT	Kungiyoyin bashi da gine-gine	Al'ummai na farko
Bankin Commonwealth	SA/NT	Sabis ɗin Abokin Ciniki na Tsakiya	Naƙasasshiyar
Inshora	Qld	Masu sayar da jinginar gida	Yankin da na nesa
Sauran abubuwa	WA	Ayyukan Fasaha	Matasa
Bankin Kasa na Ostiraliya		Gudanar da Albarka
Sauran Bankuna
Bankin ajiya
Kungiyar Bankin Westpac

manazarta

1. Barney (book).