Mai son tsuntsaye

The Bird Lover
narrative motif ^(en)
Bayanai
Aarne–Thompson–Uther Tale Type Index ^(en)	432

The Bird Lover, wanda aka fi sani da Yarima a matsayin Bird, wani nau'i ne na tsarin labari a cikin al'adun gargajiya, lamba 432 a cikin Tsarin rarraba Aarne-Thompson.^[1] A cikin labarin da aka saba da shi, mace ta sami mai son tsuntsaye - wani mutum mai daraja a cikin siffar tsuntsu - wanda aka ji rauni ta hanyar tarko da mijinta ya kafa, kamar saitin maki masu kaifi da aka kafa a waje da taga na mace. Ta bi hanyar tsuntsu da ya ji rauni, ta warkar da shi, sannan ta auri shi. ^[2] A cikin ilimin Faransanci, ana kiran wannan nau'in "l'oiseau bleu" ko "tsuntsu mai launin shudi", don haka ana kiranta da labarin Madame d'Aulnoy.

Asalin

Masanin tarihin Jack Haney ya gano asalin irin labarin zuwa Faransa da Jamus a Zamanin Tsakiya. ^[3] Ana samun misali na wannan dalili a cikin ɗayan Lais na Marie de France, "Yonec", kodayake lai ya ci gaba da bambanci: maimakon ƙarshen farin ciki, lai ya ƙare cikin bala'i. An samo "rashin hankali" na irin wannan a cikin Chrétien de Troyes's Lancelot, the Knight of the Cart, inda Lancelot ya bayyana a taga mai hana Guinevere kuma ya yanke yatsunsa yana karkatar da sandunan baya.

Masanin Sweden Waldemar Liungmann [sv] [sv] ya kuma nuna Yonec a matsayin wanda ya riga ya kasance irin labarin. Koyaya, ya kuma lura cewa a cikin labarun "al'adar baya", musamman daga Indiya da Farisa, mai ƙauna ya zo ga jarumi a cikin siffar tsuntsu, kuma a wannan batun ya ambaci labarin "Sarkin Parrot", daga ƙarni na 15 na Turkiyya na The Seven Wise Masters .

Bayani na gaba ɗaya

Wasu bambance-bambance na iya fara kama da nau'in ATU 425C, "Beauty and the Beast": 'yar ta uku ta nemi mahaifinta don kyauta, abin tunawa wanda na Yarima ne wanda za ta yi amfani da shi don tuntuɓar shi. A wasu tatsuniyoyi, jarumar ta makale a cikin wani babban hasumiya, wanda kawai yarima ne ke iya isa a cikin siffar tsuntsaye. Duk abin da ya fara, masoyin jarumi ya ji rauni a cikin siffar tsuntsaye ta hanyar takalma, gilashi ko ƙayoyi da 'yan uwan jarumi suka bari. Yarima Bird ya ɓace ya koma mulkinsa kuma jarumi ya bi shi da niyyar warkar da raunukansa.

Wani layin ilimi (misali, Jan-Öjvind Swahn [sv] [sv], Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr., Georgios A. Megas [el] [el]) ya fahimci 'yancin kai na labarin, amma ya yi jayayya cewa zai iya dacewa da wani nau'i na nau'in almara na ATU 425, "Binciken Mutumin da ya ɓace", saboda kusanci, misali, a cikin abubuwan da ya sa suka faru da kuma a cikin neman jarumiyar da ta ɓace.

Dalilan da ya sa aka yi

A cewar Samia Al Azharia Jahn, "a duk bambance-bambance na Larabci", Yarima Tsuntsu yana cikin haɗari ta hanyar amfani da gilashi.

Hakanan, a cewar Georgios A. Megas, "halayen halayen" na wannan nau'in sun haɗa da jarumi da ke jin tattaunawar tsakanin halittu biyu (dabbobi, kamar tsuntsaye da kyarketai) ko ogres biyu game da maganin yarima, jarumi ta kashe halittu (tun da ake amfani da sassan jikinsu a cikin magani), [1] da jarumi yana neman yarima don zama a matsayin lada (ring ko tawul)

Kyaututtuka ga jarumi

A cikin wata kasida a cikin Enzyklopädie des Märchens, masanin gargajiya Christine Goldberg ya lura da abubuwa da yawa da jarumar ta tambayi mahaifinta a cikin bambance-bambance na nau'ikan labarin: gashin tsuntsaye, shuka ko reshe, amma kuma madubi, violin, ko littafi. A cikin bambance-bambance na Indiya, jarumar ta furta "Sobur" ('Wait'), wanda mahaifinta ya yi kuskure ga wani abu. A cikin wannan hanyar, Samia Al Azharia Jahn ta bayyana cewa, a cikin bambance-bambance na Harshen Larabci, jarumi ta nemi mahaifinta don wani abu mai suna, wanda kuma ya zama sunan Yarima Bird.

Rarraba

Haney ya bayyana cewa irin labarin ya ji daɗin "rarrabawar duniya".

A cewar furofesoshi Stith Thompson, Pino Saavedra [es] [es], Anna Angelopoulou da Aigle Broskou, irin labarin "musamman sananne ne" a kasashen Bahar Rum, ana samunsa a Yankin Iberian da Girka. A cikin wannan hanyar, farfesa Christian Abry ya bayyana cewa irin labarin "yawanci" (yawanci) ne a Italiya.

ATU 432 al'adun gargajiya ma suna cikin al'adun Latin Amurka, alal misali, a Chile (The Parrot Prince). Ana samun ƙarin bambance-bambance a Kanada da New Mexico.

A cikin Typen türkischer Volksmärchen ("Turkish Folktale Catalogue"), na Wolfram Eberhard da Pertev Naili Boratav, duka malaman sun gano jerin labarun da suka rarraba a matsayin TTV 102, "Die Traube I" ("The Grape - Version I"), tare da bambance-bambance 31 da aka yi rajista. ^[4] Wadannan labarun suna iya kwatanta da nau'in labarin duniya ATU 432, "The Prince as Bird".^[5]

Masana tarihin Jamus daga]Otto Spies [de] da Manfred Hesse sun bayyana cewa irin labarin ya kasance "ya yadu" a Yankunan da ake magana da Larabci, kodayake yana da dalilai daban-daban.

Jerin tatsuniyoyi

• Tsuntsu mai launin shudi
• Yarima na Canary
• 'Yan uwa mata Uku
• Green Knight
• Fuka-fukan Finist da Falcon
• Yarima Mai Girma
• Mai sha'awar haƙuri
• Tsuntsu mai launin kore
• Falcon Pipiristi

Dubi kuma

• Crow (labari)
• White Bird da Matarsa
• Yarinyar Langa Langchung da Kwari

Manazarta

1. name="boivin">Boivin, Jeanne-Marie (1995). "Bisclavret et Muldumarec: La part de l'ombre dans les Lais". In Jean Dufournet (ed.). Amour et merveille: les Lais de Marie de France (in Faransanci). Paris: Champion. pp. 147–68.
2. name="boivin">Boivin, Jeanne-Marie (1995). "Bisclavret et Muldumarec: La part de l'ombre dans les Lais". In Jean Dufournet (ed.). Amour et merveille: les Lais de Marie de France (in Faransanci). Paris: Champion. pp. 147–68.
3. Haney, Jack V. The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas'ev. Volume II: Black Art and the Neo-Ancestral Impulse. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. 2015. pp. 536-556.
4. Neuman, Dov (1954). "Review of Typen Tuerkischer Volksmaerchen". Midwest Folklore. 4 (4): 254–259. JSTOR 4317494.
5. Delarue, Paul (1954). "Review of Typen türkischer Volksmärchen, (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Veröffentlichungen der orientalischen Kommission, Band V)". Arts et Traditions Populaires. 2 (2): 176–181. JSTOR 41002386.