Tafsirin Baydawi

Tafsirin Baydawi
Asali
Mawallafi	Al-Baydawi ^(en)
Lokacin bugawa	2016
Characteristics
Harshe	Larabci
Muhimmin darasi	Tafsiri

Anwar al-Tanzil wa-Asrar al-Ta'wil ( Larabci: أنوار التنزيل وأسرار التأويل‎ ' Hasken Wahayi da Sirrin Tafsiri ' ), wanda aka fi sani da Tafsirul Baydawi ( Larabci: تفسير البيضاوي‎ ), yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ayyukan tafsirin Ƙur'ani na Ahlus-Sunnah na gargajiya ( tafsiri ) wanda malamin musulunci na ƙarni na 13 al-Bidawi (d.1319) ya tsara, ya bunƙasa musamman a tsakanin yankunan musulmi na Larabawa. Tafsirin Baydawi dai ana ganin yana ɗauke da mafi taƙaitaccen bayani kan yadda Alkur'ani ya yi amfani da nahawun Larabci da salo har ya zuwa yau kuma musulmi sun yaba da shi da wuri a matsayin babban abin da ke nuni da kasantuwar Ƙur'ani mai muhimmanci da tsarinsa ( i'jaz ma). 'nawi wa-lughawi ) a cikin adabin Sunna . Don haka ne masana suka zaɓo aikin da cewa yana da muhimmanci a al’adance, saboda shahararsa da tasirinsa, kuma an rubuta tafsirai da dama kan ayyukan Baydawi. A cewar malamin Islama na wannan zamani Gibril Fouad Haddad, aikin "ya kasance kuma ya kasance har tsawon ƙarni bakwai mafi yawan karatun tafsiri," kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin "tafsiri mafi mahimmanci a kan Kur'ani a tarihin Musulunci . ”^[1]

Aikin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin tafsirai na yau da kullum a duniyar musulmi, inda ya sami tafsiri da yawa da kuma yawan karatu a darussan madrasa kan tafsirin Ƙur'ani, kuma yana daya daga cikin tafsirin Ƙur'ani na farko da aka buga a Turai (1846-48).^[2]

Tafsirin ya fara da ɗan gajeren buɗewa, inda marubucin ya yaba da ƙimar tafsirin ayoyin Alƙur’ani kuma ya ba da hujjar cewa tafsirin Ƙur’ani shi ne kan gaba a dukkan ilimomi. Daga nan marubucin ya ba da sunan aikinsa, kafin ya ƙaddamar da bayanin al-Fatiha ("buɗe"), sura ta farko na Ƙur'ani. ^[3]

Wannan aikin ya dogara ne a kan aikin al-Zamakhshari 's al-Kashshaf ("bayyana") a baya. Al-Kashshaf, wanda ke nuna ilimi mai girma, yana da ra'ayoyin Mu'utazilawa, wasu daga cikinsu al-Bidawi ya gyara, wasu kuma ya tsallake. Tafsirin Baydawi kuma ya dogara ne akan Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an na al-Raghib al-Isfahani da tafsirinsa, da kuma al-Tafsir al-Kabir (ko Mafatih al-Ghayb ) na Fakhr al-Din al- Razi .^[4]

Bayani

Aikin ya samu karɓuwa a wajen malaman tauhidin Sunna tun lokacin da aka tsara shi. An rubuta tafsirin tafsirin Baydawi sama da 130 cikin harshen Larabci. Brockelmann (1898) ya lissafo tamanin da uku daga cikin irin wadannan ayyuka, inda mafi shaharar shi ne sharhin juzu’i na Shihab al-Din al-Khafaji (d. Masar 1069/1659) da kuma haske na Muhammad B. Muslim a-Din Mustafa al-Kuhi (d. 951/1544), wanda kuma ya haɗa da dogon magana daga sharhin Fakhr al-Din al-Razi . Tafsirin Al-baydawi ya samu karɓuwa a yankuna na kasashen musulmin da ba na larabawa ba, kamar a yankin Indo da Pakistan da musulmin kudu maso gabashin Asiya . Ta zama madogara mai mahimmanci ga sharhin Malay na Abd al-Ra'uf al-Singkili a kan dukan Ƙur'ani, Tarjuman Almustafid ("Mai fassarar abin da ke ba da fa'ida"), wanda aka rubuta a kusa da 1085/1675. Ya zama babban rubutu a makarantun hauza na musulmi a lardin Arewa maso yamma na Pakistan, Malaysia, Indonesia da sauran wurare, yana ba da gabatarwa ga tafsirin Kur'ani .^[5][4]

Marubuci

Al-Baydawi masani ne a kan tafsirin Kur'ani, fikihu, da tiyolojin musulunci . ^[3] An haife shi a Bayda, kusa da Shiraz, Farisa . Ya kasance malamin Shafi'i - Ash'ari, alkali, Sufi ( sufi ) kuma mai tafsirin Alkur'ani ( mufassir ). Al-Baidawi ya girma ya zama Shafi'i mai tsauri a fannin shari'a da Ash'ari a tauhidi kuma yana adawa da Shi'a da Mu'utazila . Ya rubuta wasu ayyuka na ilimi da dama a cikin rukunan imani, fikihu, da Larabci, da kuma tarihi a cikin Farisa . Shi ne kuma marubucin littattafan tauhidi da yawa. Babban aikinsa shi ne tafsirin Alkur'ani. Bayan ya zama alƙali a Shiraz, ya ƙaura zuwa Tabriz, inda ya rasu a shekara ta 685 bayan hijira.

Mahaifin Al-baydawi shi ne babban alkalin lardin Fars . Kakansa, Fakhr al-Din 'Ali al-Baydawi, shi ma ya kasance babban alkali. Al-Baydawi ya kasance babba a wajen mahaifinsa. Ya yi imani cewa malamansa malamai ne suka koyar da su, waɗanda kuma malamai suka koyar da su daga ƙarshe sun sami iliminsu daga Annabi Muhammadu . A cewarsa, na kakansa ya fito ne daga zuriyar ɗaliban Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (d. 505/1111).^[6]

Alƙur'an, fassarar turanci na farko ya yi amfani da saukakawa da aikin Al-Baydawi ya samu yayin da ci gaba da tafsirin ke sake buga Alqur'ani gaba ɗayansa. ^[7]

Suka

Al-baydawi dai ya jawo suka saboda gajarta rubuce-rubucensa, da kuma rashin inganci, inda wasu malamai suka zarge shi da barin wasu ra'ayoyin Mu'utazila da al-Zamakhshari ke da shi su shiga cikin Anwar al-Tanzil.

Fassara

Gibril Fouad Haddad ne ya gudanar da babban aikin fassara zuwa Turanci. Haddad Babban Mataimakin Farfesa ne a SOASCIS a cikin Tafsirin Kwatancen. An haife shi a birnin Beirut na kasar Lebanon kuma ya yi karatu a Birtaniya da Amurka da Faransa da Lebanon da Siriya . Ya yi digirin digirgir a Kolej Universiti Insaniah, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia da Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Columbia, New York, Amurka inda ya kasance mai karɓar abokan hulɗa da yawa ciki har da ɗaya a babbar makarantar Ecole Normale Supérieure a Paris, Faransa. Ya kuma sauke karatun summa cum laude daga Jami'ar New York Latin da Cibiyar Giriki. Haddad ya shafe shekaru tara yana karatu a birnin Damascus na ƙasar Siriya (1997-2006) kuma ya sami ijaza (lasisi na ilimi) daga wajen shaihunai sama da 150 kuma ya rubuta littafai da dama da ɗaruruwan maƙaloli a tafsirin tafsirin Musulunci da rukunan da hadisi da tarihin rayuwa da bidi'a .

Ya yi karatu a kan Alkur'ani, Hadisi, Tarihin Annabi ( Seerah ) da Sufanci a kasashe da dama. An bayyana shi a cikin bugu na farko na Musulmai 500 Mafi Tasiri a Duniya a matsayin "daya daga cikin fitattun muryoyin Musulunci na gargajiya a Yamma."^[8][9]

Bugun Haddad

• Sadaukarwa ga HM Sultan na Brunei Darussalam .
• Fitowa da Addu'a.
• Shafin taken tsohon sanannen rubutun Anwar al-Tanzil.
• Misalai da Tables.
• Gabatarwa daga Prof. Dr. Osman bin Bakr.
• Godiya.
• Gajartawa.

Gabatarwa

 

• Al-Baydawi da Anwar al-Tanzil wa-Asrar al-Ta’wil a cikin hadisai na tafsiri.
• ---[I]. Tarihin Rayuwa & Raison D'etre na Aikin Yanzu.
• Malaman Baydawi da Sarkar watsawa a shafi'i fiqh.
• Daliban Baydawi.
• Tafsirin Baydawi da sauran ayyukan shari'a, ka'idar shari'a, nahawu da fassarori, tarihi, dabaru, Sufaye, wakoki da ilmin taurari .
• Manufar aikin yanzu, cikakken dogon nazari na farko a cikin Ingilishi da bugun farko na Tafsirin Baydawi na harsuna biyu.
• ---[II]. Fage, Hanya, Tushen, Filayen Mahimmanci.
• Watsawa, bincike da ilimin kimiyya a cikin tafsirin Kur'ani.
• Passive anonymizers qila / ruwiya / quri'a don raunin watsawa.
• Dangantakar ahruf ( yaruka / karin magana) da polysemy.
• Semantics and stylistic invariables (kuliyyat al-Qur'an).
• Haɗin Baydawi na Hermeutics na Perso-Khurasani.
• Kwatanta mazhabar Basran da Kufan.
• Misalai uku na taƙaitaccen bayani na Baydawi game da rikitattun tambayoyin harshe da tauhidi;

1. Shin Allah sunan da ba a siffanta shi ba ne ko kuwa an samo shi ne daga illah (allah)?
2. Shin Allah yana dora wanda ya wuce karfinsa, kamar dorawa Abu Lahab da Abu Jahal aikin imani?
3. Naskh: Dogaran kafin zuwan Musulunci da kuma bayan Musulunci rashin iyawar Yahudanci, Kiristanci da sauran addinan da suka maye gurbinsu.

• Kokarin malamai ( ijtihadi ) da sauran cancantar.
• Dabarun tafsiri guda 22, gami da horar da kimiyya.
• Maganar Kimiyya da Falsafa a cikin Anwar: Physiology, meteorology, Geophysics, Mineralology, Embryology, Psychology, psycholinguistics, empiricism versus jari-hujja .
• Ƙari akan abubuwan tafsiri: taƙawa, al'ada da fassarori .
• Manyan Madogaran Baydawi:

1. Tsarkake Kashshaf na Zamakhshari : Karyata Mu'tazila da sauran mazhabobi.
2. al-Raghib 's Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an and his Tafsir.
3. al-Razi 's Mafatih al-Ghayb .

• Sufanci a cikin Anwar al-Tanzil: wahayin Allah; gushewar kai; jin dadin aljanna yana nuna matakan sanin Allah a duniya; yanka saniyar kishin ki .
• ---[III]. Karbar Tafsirin Al'umma da Yamma.
• Anwar a matsayin littafin karatu da scholastic marginalia .
• Epigones da Epitomes .
• A hankali an yi watsi da Anwar a cikin shekaru 75 da suka gabata.
• Komawa zuwa Anwar al-Tanzil a tsakiyar Orientalism (17th - 18th C.), Faransa, Jamus, Ingila, Holland da kuma Roma .
• Rudewar Yamma kan Tafsirin al-Bidawi.
• ---[IV]. Batutuwan Fassara da Fassara zuwa Aikin Yanzu.
• Post-Kemal Azhari-Salafi fatawowi a kan fassarar Kur'ani .
• Tafsirin Alqur'ani mai girma.
• Anwar al-Tanzil a fassarar juzu'i: Urdu, Faransanci, Turanci .
• Bugawa da fassarar Anwar.
• ---[V]. Abubuwan Da Aka Yi Amfani da su da Isnadin Mu (Tsarin watsawa).
• Rubutun hannu, bugu da sharhi da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan aikin.
• Rubutun hannu.
• Bugawa.
• Sharhi.
• Samfuran misalai daga tushen da aka yi amfani da su.
• Isar da sakon mu zuwa ga Anwar al-Tanzil na Baydawi.

Hizba ta farko ta Anwar al-Tanzil ta al-Baydawi

• Preamble Baydawi.
• Tafsiri shine babban ilimi kuma tushen dukkan fannoni.

Karin bayani

• Kamus na Larabci-Turanci na kalmomin fasaha.
• Kamus na mutane da mazhabobi da al-Baydawi ya kawo.
• Littafi Mai Tsarki.
• Fihirisar Maganar Sura.
• Fihirisar Hadisai da Rahotannin Farko.
• Fihirisar Ayoyin Waqoqin.
• Gabaɗaya Fihirisa.
• Sauran Ayyuka na Gibril Fouad Haddad.

Duba kuma

• Jerin littafan Sunna

Manazarta

1. Gibril Fouad Haddad. "Lights of Revelation & Secrets of Interpretation". Beacon Books.
2. "Baydawi". Oxford Islamic Studies Online. Archived from the original on 2017-07-31. Retrieved 2023-04-26.
3. al-Baydawi's "Anwar al-tanzil wa asrar al-ta'wil" with Frontispiece. World Digital Library. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
4. Dr. Gibril Fouad Haddad. "Tafsir al-Baydawi: First Hizb, English". UBD Press & Beacon Books.
5. Oliver Leaman (2006). The Qur'an: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 9781134339754.
6. Gholamali Haddad Adel; Mohammad Jafat Elmi; Hassan Taromi-Rad (2012). Quar'anic Exegeses: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam. EWI Press Ltd. p. 122. ISBN 9781908433053.
7. Alexander Bevilacqua: The Qur'an Translations of Marracci and Sale, Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes
8. "Dr. Gibril Fouad Haddad". University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD). Archived from the original on 2018-07-31. Retrieved 2023-04-26.
9. Dr. Gibril Fouad Haddad. "Lights of Revelation & Secrets of Interpretation". Beacon Books.

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

• Gibril Fouad Haddad - Jami'ar Brunei Darussalam Archived 2020-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
• Dr. Gibril Fouad Haddad's presentation on Tafsir al-Baydawi on YouTube