Ziri ibn Atiyya

Ziri ibn Atiyya
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Aures (en) Fassara, 10 century
Mutuwa Tlemcen, 1001
Ƴan uwa
Yara
Sana'a

Ziri ibn Atiyya Ziri ibn Atiyya (ya rasu a shekara ta 1001, Achir) shi ne shugaban kabilar Berber Maghrawa daular Fez.

TARIHIN RAYUWA

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Karkashin kariyar Halifan Umayyawa a Spain, Hisham na II, da kuma Al-Mansur mai iko, Ziri ya zama sarkin kabilar Zenata a shekara ta 978-979 kuma nan da nan ya tashi ya yi nasara a kan abin da yanzu ake kira arewacin Maroko. . A cikin 987-988 ya sami kwanciyar hankali don samun damar kafa kotunsa a Fes bayan kama shi daga hannun Idriss[1][2] A cikin 989, al-Mansur ya nemi ya kai hari ga Abu al-Bahar, wanda ke iko da yawancin yanzu Aljeriya da Tunisiya. Abu al-Bahar ya yi watsi da dalilin Fatimid don ya haɗa kansa da Banu Umayyawa, amma sai ya sake canza fuska da zarar ya sami iko da mafi yawan Magrib. Ziri ya kai hari da karfi har Abu al-Bahar ya gudu ba tare da wani yaqi da yawa ba, kuma Ziri ya zama hamshakin Magrib a shekara ta 991, wanda ya kai ga shigar Souss da Zab[3][4] Bayan wannan nasara, Ziri ya kasance. An ce ya aika wa al-Mansur kyautar da ta kunshi dokin tsere 200, rakuma masu tsere 50, garkuwa 1000, miyau, rakumin dawa, barewa da sauran dabbobin Sahara, da kuma lodin dabino 1000. Al-Mansur ya gayyaci Ziri zuwa Cordoba. Ya tafi tare da bayi 300 akan doki, wasu 300 kuma a kafa, haka kuma ya dauki karin kyaututtuka da suka hada da zakuna a keji, da shanu masu kama da dawakai, wani tsuntsu mai magana da Larabci da Berber, mai girman dabino, da sauran abubuwan ban mamaki. Al-Mansur ya ba shi mukamin waziri.Duk da haka, a lokacin da ya koma Maroko, Ziri ya ce "Yanzu kaina ya zama nawa!" kuma ya hana kowa ya kira shi da wata muqami da ba amir in ba ya nan, Banu Ifran sun yi nasarar kama Fes. Yaddu, wanda ya dade yana adawa da Ziri ne ya jagorance su. Bayan gwagwarmayar jini, Ziri ya sake kwace Fes a cikin 993 kuma ya nuna yanke kan Yaddu a bangonsa.[5][6][7] Jihar Magrawa ta fadada tasirinta tun daga Fez zuwa Constantine bayan wannan[8] Bayan haka sai aka sami zaman lafiya a lokacin Ziri ya gina (ko ya sake gina) birnin Oujda tun daga watan Agusta ko Satumba 994.[9][10][11][12] al-Mansur ya dogara da goyon bayan Magrawa. Ya sha yin kira ga Ziri da ya taimaka masa a yakin da yake yi a Andalusia ta hanyar samar da ma’aikata da kudi[13] har sai da jita-jita ta fara zuwa ga al-Mansur cewa Ziri ya yi watsi da bukatarsa. A ƙarshe, a cikin 996, al-Mansur ya janye goyon bayansa kuma ya soke takensa. Ziri ya mayar da martani tare da amincewa Hisham na biyu a matsayin Halifa na gaskiya. Daga nan sai Al-Mansur ya aika da rundunar mamaya zuwa Maroko. Bayan watanni uku na gwagwarmaya, sai da dakarun al-Mansur suka ja da baya domin kare lafiyar Tangiers. Nan take Al-Mansur ya aika da wani kakkautawa mai karfi karkashin dansa Abd al-Malik. Sojojin sun yi arangama a kusa da Tangier. A lokacin yakin, wani sojan Afrika ya caka wa Ziri wuka wanda ya kai rahoto ga Abd al-Malik cewa ya yi wa shugaban Zenata rauni sosai. Abd al-Malik ya matsawa gida wannan fa'ida, sai Ziri wanda ya samu rauni ya gudu daga filin da sojojin Halifa suka bi su da zafi. Mazaunan Fes ba su bar shi ya shiga birnin ba, amma sun bude wa Abd al-Malik kofa a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 998.[14]. Ziri ya gudu zuwa cikin Sahara, inda ya hada kabilar Zenata tare da kawar da ragowar daular Idrisid a Tiaret. Ya sami damar fadada yankinsa har ya hada da Tlemcen da sauran sassan yammacin Aljeriya, a wannan karon karkashin kariyar Fatimid.[15][16]

MANZARATA

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  1. ↑ Grammet, Ivo; Dewachter, Min; Palmenaer, Els de (2006). Maroc: les artisans de la mémoire (in French). Quo Vadis. p. 33. ISBN 978-90-5349-577-3.
  2. ↑ Bulletin trimestriel de géographie et d'archéologie (in French). Soc. 1886.
  3. ↑ al-Fāsī, ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd Allāh Ibn Abī Zarʻ (1860). Histoire des souverains du Maghreb (Espagne et Maroc) et annales de la ville de Fès (in French). Impr. impériale.
  4. ↑ Brett, Michael (2001). The Rise of the Fatimids: The World of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the Fourth Century of the Hijra, Tenth Century Ce. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-11741-9.
  5. ↑ Bellil, Rachid (1999). Les oasis du Gourara, Sahara algérien: Fondation des ksour. II (in French). Peeters Publishers. ISBN 978-90-429-0924-3.
  6. ↑ Golvin, Lucien (1957). Le Magrib central à l'époque des Zirides: recherches d'archéologie et d'histoire (in French). Arts et métiers graphiques.
  7. ↑ Khaldûn, ʿAbd al-Raḥman b Muḥammad Ibn (1856). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale, tr. par le baron de Slane (in French).
  8. ↑ Benbella, Bouchra (2003). Oujda au miroir des voyageurs franc̨ais: fin XIXème, début XXème siècles (in French). Université Mohamed Premier, Faculté des lettres et des sciences humaines. ISBN 978-9981-102-47-7.
  9. ↑ Bulletin trimestriel de géographie et d'archéologie (in French). Soc. 1886.
  10. ↑ Krulick-Belin, Jan (2021-05-03). Love, Bill: Finding My Father Through Letters from World War Ii (New ed.). Archway Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4808-9291-0.
  11. ↑ Krulick-Belin, Jan (2021-05-03). Love, Bill: Finding My Father Through Letters from World War Ii (New ed.). Archway Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4808-9291-0.
  12. ↑ Voinot, L. (1912). Oudjda et l'Amalat (Maroc) (in French). L. Fouque.
  13. ↑ Boulanger, Robert (1969). Maroc: Le texte de ce guide a été établi (in French). Hachette.
  14. ↑ Boulanger, Robert (1969). Maroc: Le texte de ce guide a été établi (in French). Hachette.
  15. ↑ Marouf, Nadir (1980-01-01). Lecture de l'espace oasien (in French). FeniXX réédition numérique. ISBN 978-2-402-03711-2.
  16. ↑ Khaldūn, Ibn (1969). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale. Traduite de l'arabe par le baron de Slane (in French). P. Geuthner.