Swami Shraddhanand

Swaami Shraddhaanand Sarasvati

Swami shraddhaananda Bhaarat ke un mahaan raashtrabhakt sannyaasiyon men agrani the, jinhonne apanaa jivan svaadhinataa, svaraajya, shikshaa tathaa vaedik dharm ke prachaara-prasaar ke lie samarpit kar diyaa thaa.

Jivan parichaya

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Swami shraddhaananda kaa janm 22 February san 1856 (phaalgun krishn tryodashi, vikram sanvat 1913) ko Panjaab praant ke Jaalandhar jile ke talavaan graam men huaa thaa. Unake pitaa, laalaa naanak chanda, Ist indiyaa kampani dvaaraa shaasit yaूnaaited provins (vartamaan uttar pradesha) men pulis adhikaari the. Unake bachapan kaa naam vrihaspati aur munshiraama thaa, kintu munshiraam saral hone ke kaaran adhik prachalit huaa.

pitaa kaa traansaphar alaga-alag sthaanon par hone ke kaaran unaki aarambhik shikshaa achchhi prakaar nahin ho saki. Lahaur aur jaalandhar unake mukhy kaaryasthal rahe. ek baar aary samaaj ke sansthaapak svaami dayaanand sarasvati vaedika-dharm ke prachaaraarth Bareli pahunche. Pulis adhikaari naanakachand apane putr munshiraam ko saath lekar svaami dayaanand kaa pravachan sunane pahunche. Yuvaavasthaa tak munshiraam ishvar ke astitv men vishvaas nahin karate the. Lekin svaami dayaanand ji ke tarkon aur aashirvaad ne munshiraam ko drir ishvar vishvaasi tathaa Vaedik dharm kaa anany bhakt banaa diyaa.

ve ek saphal vakil bane tathaa kaaphi naam aur prasiddhi praapt ki. Aary samaaj men ve bahut hi sakriy rahate the.

unakaa vivaah shrimati shivaa devi ke saath huaa thaa. Jab aap 35 varsh ke the tabhi shivaa devi svarg sidhaarin. Us samay unake do putr aur do putriyaan thin. san 1917 men unhone Sanyaas dhaaran kar liyaa aur svaami shraddhaananda ke naam se vikhyaat hue.

Gurukul ki sthaapanaa

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san 1901 men munshiraam ne angrejon dvaaraa jaari shikshaa paddhati ke sthaan par vaedik dharm tathaa Indiaiyataa ki shikshaa dene vaale sansthaan "gurukula" ki sthaapanaa ki. Haridvaar ke Kaangari gaanv men gurukul vidyaalay kholaa gayaa. is samay yah maanad Vishvavidyaalay hae jisakaa naam Gurukul kaangari vishvavidyaalay hae. gaandhi ji un dinon Aphrika men sangharsharat the. Mahaatmaa munshiraam ji ne gurukul ke chhaatron se 1500 rupae ekatrit kar gaandhi ji ko bheje. Gaandhi ji jab aphrikaa se India lau te to ve gurukul pahunche tathaa mahaatmaa munshiraam tathaa raashtrabhakt chhaatron ke samaksh natamastak ho uthe. Svaami shraddhaanand ne hi sabase pahale unhe mahaatmaa ki upaadhi se vibhushit kiyaa aur bahut pahale yah bhavishyavaani kar di thi ki ve aage chalakar bahut mahaan banege.

Patrakaaritaa evan hindi-sevaa

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unhone patrakaaritaa men bhi kadam rakhaa. Ve Urdu aur Hindi bhaashaaon men dhaarmik v saamaajik vishayon par likhate the. Baad men svaami dayaanand sarasvati kaa anusaran karate hue unane Devanaagari lipi men likhe hindi ko praathamikataa di. Unakaa patr Saddharm pahale urdu men prakaashit hotaa thaa aur bahut lokapriy ho gayaa thaa. Kintu baad men unane isako urdu ke bajaay devanaagari lipi men likhi hindi men nikaalanaa aarambh kiyaa. Isase inako aarthik nukasaan bhi huaa. Unhone do patr bhi prakaashit kiye, hindi men arjuna tathaa urdu men teja. Jaliyaanvaalaa kaand ke baad Amritasar men kaangres kaa 43vaan adhiveshan huaa. Svaami shraddhaanand ne svaagat samiti ke adhyaksh ke rup men apanaa bhaashan hindi men diyaa aur hindi ko raashtrabhaashaa ghoshit kie jaane kaa maarg prashast kiyaa.

Svatantrataa aandolana

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unhone svatantrataa aandolan men badha-chadhakar bhaag liyaa. Garibon aur dina-dukhiyon ke uddhaar ke liye kaam kiyaa. Stri-shikshaa kaa prachaar kiyaa. San 1919 men svaami ji ne dilli men jaamaa masjid kshetr men aayojit ek vishaal sabhaa men India ki svaadhinataa ke lie pratyek naagarik ko paanthik matabhed bhulaakar ekajut hone kaa aahvaan kiyaa thaa.

Shuddhi

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svaami shraddhaanand ne jab kaangres ke kuchh pramukh netaaon ko "muslim tushtikaran ki ghaatak niti" apanaate dekhaa to unhen lagaa ki yah niti aage chalakar raashtr ke lie vighatanakaari siddh hogi. Isake baad kaangres se unakaa mohabhang ho gayaa. Dusari or kattarapanthi muslim tathaa isaai hinduon kaa mataantaran karaane men lage hue the. Svaami ji ne asankhy vyaktiyon ko aary samaaj ke maadhyam se puna: vaedik dharm men dikshit karaayaa. Unane gaera-hinduon ko puna apane mul dharm men laane ke liye Shuddhi naamak aandolan chalaayaa aur bahut se logon ko puna Hindu dharm men dikshit kiyaa. svaami shraddhaanand pakke aaryasamaaj ke sadasy the, kintu sanaatan dharm ke prati drir aasthaavaan pandit Madanamohan maalaviy tathaa puri ke shankaraachaary svaami Indiaikrishn tirth ko gurukul men aamantrit kar chhaatron ke bich unakaa pravachan karaayaa thaa.

Hatyaa

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23 December, 1926 ko nayaa baajaar sthit unake nivaas sthaan par abdul rashid naamak ek unmaadi dharma-charchaa ke bahaane unake kaksh men pravesh karake goli maarakar is mahaan vibhuti ki hatyaa kar di. Use baad men phaansi ki sajaa hui.

Aur dekho

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[badlo | source ke badlo]