Akwara olu

Akwara olu
obere ụdị nkeumbilical cord compression Dezie
health specialtyobstetrics Dezie
NCI Thesaurus IDC113153 Dezie

Templeeti:Infobox medical condition (new) Akwara olu bụ mgbe eriri umbilical na-ekpuchi n'olu nwa e bu n'afọ. [1]Mgbaàmà ndị dị n'ime nwa ahụ n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe amuchara site na eriri olu mbụ nwere ike ịgụnye ihu ihu, petechia ihu, na ọbara ọgbụgba na anya. [1]Nsogbu nwere ike ịgụnye meconium, Nsogbu iku ume, ụkọ ọbara, na ịmụ nwa nwụrụ anwụ. [1]A na-ejikọta ọtụtụ mkpuchi na ihe ize ndụ ka ukwuu.[2]

Enwere ike ịtụle nchọpụta ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere mbelata n'obi nwa ahụ n'oge ịmụ nwa. [1]A na-enyocha eriri ihu site na ịgbanye mkpịsị aka n'olu nwa ahụ ozugbo isi ahụ butere. [3]Ultrasound nwere ike iburu ọnọdụ ahụ tupu ịmụ nwa.[1]

Ọ bụrụ na achọpụta ya n'oge nnyefe, njikwa gụnyere ịnwa ịmeghe eriri ahụ ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ na nke a agaghị ekwe omume ijide ma belata eriri ahụ. [4]Nkwado nwere ike ime dịka ọ dị mma ma nsonaazụ dị mma n'ozuzu. [5][1]Mmebi ụbụrụ na-adịghị adịte aka ma ọ bụ Ọrịa ụbụrụ nwere ike ime. [1][6]Akwara nuchal na-apụta n'ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke nnyefe. [4]Hippocrates akọwaala ọnọdụ ahụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala na mbido 300 BC.[1]

Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà

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Mgbaàmà nke eriri olu n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe amuchara n'ime nwa ahụ nwere ike ịgụnye ihu ihu, ihu ihu, na ọbara ọgbụgba na anya. [1]Nsogbu nwere ike ịgụnye meconium, ọrịa iku ume, ụkọ ọbara, na ịmụ nwa.[1]

Nnyocha

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Doppler ultrasound na-egosi eriri olu

N'afọ 1962, J. Selwyn Crawford MD sitere na British Research Council kọwara eriri olu dị ka nke a na-ekpuchi 360 degrees gburugburu olu nwa. Crawford kwuru "Ọ bụ ihe dị ịrịba ama karị, ya mere, na obere ọrụ emeela. iji nyochaa mmetụta ya n'oge ọrụ na ọmụmụ".   Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ dịghị nyocha nyocha nke abụọ na-adịghị ahụ anya na-ele anya na eriri olu na nyocha nyocha dịgasị iche iche n'echiche banyere ogo nke nsonaazụ ọjọọ. [citation needed]Enweghịkwa ụdị eriri umbilical (nke 8 dị iche iche nwere ike) a na-ewere dị ka eriri olu.   

A kọwara nchọpụta Ultrasound nke eriri dị n'olu na 1982. [7]"Coils na-eme n'ihe dị ka 25% nke ikpe ma na-emekarị ihe ọ bụla, mana mgbe ụfọdụ ha nwere ike ịdị ike nke na mkpakọ nke arịa umbilical na-akpata hypoxia. " Williams Obstetrics 16th Edition, nwere naanị otu ahịrịokwu n'ime akwụkwọ nkuzi dum gbasara eriri gburugburu olu. [citation needed][8]N'ụzọ dị iche, mbipụta mbụ nke Encyclopædia Britannica site na 1770 nwere peeji 20 nke ozi gbasara Umbilical Cord Pathology na eserese nke Umbilical cord Entanglement. Royal College of Obstetricians na Gynaecologists nwere ihe oyiyi ndị a na broshuọ ya. E nwere ihe odide atọ na-adịbeghị anya na ultrasonography nke na-egosi ikike nke ultrasound iji chọpụta nsogbu umbilical na ntụkwasị obi dị ka nke afọ 2009.   

E mere nnyocha e bipụtara na 2004 iji gosipụta mmetụta nke ultrasound na nchọpụta nke eriri olu. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ụmụ nwanyị 289, nke a na-eme n'otu ụbọchị ahụ, jiri igwe Aloka 1700 ultrasound nyochaa ultrasound na 3.5 MHz nke afọ, na-eji ntụ ntụ na agba Doppler imaging ozugbo tupu induction of labour.  A na-achọ ọnụnọ nke eriri ahụ n'akụkụ na n'akụkụ olu. A chọpụtara eriri olu ma ọ bụrụ na a hụrụ eriri ahụ dị gburugburu ma ọ dịkarịa ala 3 n'ime akụkụ 4 nke olu. A na-ahụ eriri n'ezie mgbe a na-amụ nwa na 52 n'ime ụmụ nwanyị 289. Naanị 18 n'ime eriri 52 ma ọ bụ 35% nke eriri olu ka a chọpụtara na ultrasound mere ozugbo tupu nnyefe, na 65% nke eriri olu anaghị achọpụta. N'ime ikpe 237 ebe enweghị eriri na nnyefe, ultrasound nwere nsonaazụ ụgha, ya bụ, chọpụtara eriri na 44 n'ime ikpe 23,7 (19%) nke enweghị eriri ọ bụla. N'ime nnyocha a, ultrasound bụ naanị 35% ziri ezi n'ịchọta otu loop, na naanị 60% ziri ezi n"ịchọpụta eriri olu a na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ ugboro n'olu.[9]

N'ọmụmụ ihe ọ bụla, ọ gaghị ekwe omume site na ultrasound iji mee ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti eriri na-enweghị isi ma ọ bụ eriri siri ike, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịkarịa ala 3 gbalịrị ime ya.   Peregrine kwubiri na nchọpụta ultrasound nke eriri olu ga-aba uru naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ndị dọkịta nwere ike ime nke a n'ụzọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma buru amụma nke n'ime ụmụ ọhụrụ ndị ahụ nwere ike inwe nsogbu.[citation needed][9], Otú ọ dị, ndị na-ahụ maka perinatologists na-achọkarị nsogbu eriri umbilical na ejima monoamniotic. Nnyocha egosila ọganihu na nsonaazụ ebe a chọpụtara mgbagwoju anya ụdọ tupu a mụọ ya n'ọnọdụ ndị a. Nlele ultrasound nke ọsọ nke na-agafe na eriri nwere ike ịba uru na njikwa ejima na ụmụ ọhụrụ na-eto eto. N'ezie, nke a dabere na ọzụzụ nke onye na-ede sonography. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, enweghi nkuzi ultrasound nke na-akụziri ndị dọkịta ma ọ bụ ndị na-ahụ maka teknụzụ njirimara nke eriri olu. Nnyocha Wilson nke American Academy of Ultrasonography Technicians mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-atụ aro akwụkwọ nke nsogbu umbilical cord.[10]

Nchịkọta

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  • A na-ekpuchi eriri olu "Type A" n'olu mana ọ na-agbada n'efu[1]
  • A na-akọwa usoro "Ụdị B" dị ka ihe a na-apụghị iwepụ ma mechaa bụrụ ezigbo eriri.[11]

Ọgwụgwọ

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A ga-ahazi njikwa nke eriri olu iji gbochie mkpakọ eriri umbilical mgbe ọ bụla o kwere omume. Usoro iji chekwaa eriri olu na-enweghị nsogbu na-adabere n'otú eriri ahụ si ekpuchi olu nwa ọhụrụ ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na eriri ahụ na-agbaji agbaji, enwere ike ịdọrọ ya n'isi nwa ọhụrụ ahụ n'ụzọ dị mfe. Enwere ike ịmụ nwa ahụ n'ụzọ dị mma ma tinye ya n'afọ nne dịka achọrọ. Ọ bụrụ na eriri ahụ siri ike nke ukwuu ịgafe n'isi nwa ọhụrụ ahụ, onye na-enye ya nwere ike ịdọrọ ya n'ubu nwa ọhụrụ ahụ ma nyefee ahụ site na eriri ahụ. Enwere ike ịtọghe eriri ahụ site na gburugburu nwa ahụ mgbe amuchara. N'ikpeazụ, ọ bụrụ na eriri ahụ siri ike nke ukwuu iji laghachi azụ n'ubu, mmadụ nwere ike iji usoro somersault mee ihe iji kwe ka e nyefee ahụ. [12]Onye na-elekọta ọmụmụ nwekwara ike ịhọrọ ịpị ma bepụ eriri umbilical iji nye ohere maka ịmụ nwa ma ọ bụrụ na ụzọ ndị ọzọ nke njikwa eriri olu agaghị ekwe omume.

Ihe omuma

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Nnyocha data nke ihe karịrị 182,000 ọmụmụ, yana ikike ọnụ ọgụgụ iji chọpụta ọbụna njikọ dị nro, na-atụ aro na otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ eriri olu n'oge ọmụmụ anaghị ejikọta ya na nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma, a na-ejikọta ya da ịdị ibu ọmụmụ na obere akụkụ nke ịwa ahụ na ọmụmụ. [13][14][15]Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ nnyocha achọpụtala na eriri olu siri ike nwere njikọ na ọrịa dị mkpirikpi, ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ma nsonaazụ ndị dị otú ahụ bụ n'ezie n'ihi ọnụnọ nke eriri olu n'onwe ya, ma ọ bụ n'ihi ijide na ịkpụ eriri ahụ.[16]

Ihe odide

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  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 (6 December 2017) "Nuchal cord and its implications". Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology 3 (1): 28. DOI:10.1186/s40748-017-0068-7. PMID 29234502. 
  2. ↑ (March 2009) "Ultrasound diagnosis and management of umbilical cord abnormalities". Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 48 (1): 23–7. DOI:10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60031-0. PMID 19346188. 
  3. ↑ Ferri (2014). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2015 E-Book: 5 Books in 1 (in en). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323084307. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Nuchal Cord. Merck Manuals Consumer Version (June 2018). Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved on 2 October 2018.
  5. ↑ Adams (2012). Emergency Medicine E-Book: Clinical Essentials (Expert Consult -- Online) (in en). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-1455733941. 
  6. ↑ (December 2015) "Cerebral palsy: causes, pathways, and the role of genetic variants". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 213 (6): 779–88. DOI:10.1016/j.ajog.2015.05.034. PMID 26003063. 
  7. ↑ (February 1982) "Ultrasonic diagnosis of nuchal encirclement by the umbilical cord: a case and methodological report". Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 10 (2): 59–62. DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870100205. PMID 6804502. 
  8. ↑ Williams (1980). Williams Obstetrics 16th Edition. Appleton & Lange, US, 421. ISBN 978-0838597316. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 (February 2005) "Ultrasound detection of nuchal cord prior to labor induction and the risk of Cesarean section". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 25 (2): 160–4. DOI:10.1097/01.ogx.0000172319.27668.34. PMID 15543520. 
  10. ↑ Wilson (March–April 2008). "Sonography of the Placenta And Umbilical Cord". Radiologic Technology 79: 333S–345S. Retrieved on December 26, 2017. 
  11. ↑ (February 2002) "Umbilical cord accidents: human studies". Seminars in Perinatology 26 (1): 79–82. DOI:10.1053/sper.2002.29860. PMID 11876571. 
  12. ↑ (March 1999) "Practice tips. "Somersault" maneuver for a tight umbilical cord". Canadian Family Physician 45: 613. PMID 10099799. 
  13. ↑ (February 2005) "Effects of nuchal cord on birthweight and immediate neonatal outcomes". American Journal of Perinatology 22 (2): 83–5. DOI:10.1055/s-2005-837737. PMID 15731986. 
  14. ↑ (July 2005) "Nuchal cords in term and postterm deliveries--do we need to know?". Obstetrics and Gynecology 106 (1): 23–8. DOI:10.1097/01.AOG.0000165322.42051.0f. PMID 15994613. 
  15. ↑ (May 2006) "Nuchal cord is not associated with adverse perinatal outcome". Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 274 (2): 81–3. DOI:10.1007/s00404-005-0110-2. PMID 16374604. 
  16. ↑ (February 2009) "Nuchal cords: sharing the evidence with parents". British Journal of Midwifery 17 (2): 106–109. DOI:10.12968/bjom.2009.17.2.39379. 

Njikọ mpụga

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Templeeti:Medical resourcesTempleeti:Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period