Asụsụ Drehu

asụsụ, modern language
obere ụdị nke	New Caledonian
Akụkụ nke	regional languages of France
mba/obodo	France
òtù na-achịkwa asụsụ	Kanak Language Academy
Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue	4 Educational

Drehu ([ɖehu]; makwaara dị kaDehu, Lifou, Lifu, qene drehu) bụ asụsụ Austronesia a na-asụkarị na Lifou Island, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. Ọ nwere ihe dị ka 12,000 na-aga nke ọma ndị na-asụ asụsụ na ọnọdụ asụsụ mpaghara French. Ọkwa a pụtara na ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere ike were ya dị ka isiokwu nhọrọ maka baccalauréat na New Caledonia n'onwe ya ma ọ bụ na ala French. Akuzikwara ya na Institut national des langues et civilizations orientale (INALCO) na Paris kemgbe 1973 na na Mahadum New Caledonia^[1] kemgbe 2000. Dị ka asụsụ Kanak ndị ọzọ, Académie des langues kanak na-achịkwa Drehu, nke hiwere na 2007.

A na-eji ndekọ dị iche iche nke Drehu, nke a maara dị ka qene miny, na-agwa ndị isi (joxu) okwu. ^[2] bụ mmadụ ole na ole na-asụ asụsụ Drehu maara qene miny taa.

Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

Mkpụrụedemede

	N'ihu	Central	Ịlaghachi azụ
Elu	i iː		u uː
N'etiti	na eː	ø øː	o oː
Emeghe	æ æː		Ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ka a na-eme ka a ghara inwe ihe ọ bụlaỌ bụ mgbe ahụ ka a na-ekwu na ọ bụ mgbe a na-akọwa ya

[ɛ] na-anụ /e/ dị ka [ɛ] n'ihu imi.

/ø/ nwere ike ịbụ [e] mgbe ụfọdụ tupu imi.

Mkpụrụ okwu

		Bilabial	Ezé ezé	Alveolar	Retroflex	Alveopalatal	Velar	Mkpịsị aka
Ụgbọ imi	enweghị olu	na-eme		na-adị		ɲ nke	ŋ̊
Ụgbọ imi	kwuru okwu	m		n		ɲ	ŋ
Na-akwụsị andaffricates ndị Afrịka	enweghị olu	p		t	Ọdịdị	t͡ʃ	k
Na-akwụsị andaffricates ndị Afrịka	kwuru okwu	b[lower-alpha 1]		d	Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka a ga-eji	d͡ʒ[lower-alpha 1]	ɡọ
Ihe na-egbu egbu	enweghị olu	f	θ	s			x	h
Ihe na-egbu egbu	kwuru okwu	v[lower-alpha 1]	ð	z
Ihe ndị na-eru nso	enweghị olu	Ọdịdị		Ọ bụ n'afọ ndị ahụ ka a na-akpọ
Ihe ndị na-eru nso	kwuru okwu	w		l

Usoro ide ihe

Ndị Polynesia ^[3] na ndị ozi ala ọzọ Bekee nke London Missionary Society dere Drehu na edemede Latin n'oge afọ 1840, site n'enyemaka nke ụmụ amaala. E bipụtara Bible mbụ zuru ezu na 1890. Usoro ederede Bible emeghị ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti ezé (e dere "d", "t") na ụdaume alveolar / retroflex ("dr" na "tr") dị iche iche, nke e dere ogologo oge "d" na "t". Na Drehu /θ/ na /ð/ abụghị ụdaume ezé kama ọ bụ ụdaume ezì. E mepụtara usoro edemede ọhụrụ n'afọ ndị 1970.


Nkwekọrịta grapheme na foneme
Ihe osise	a	aa	b	c	d	dj	dr	na	ee	ë	Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ n'oge a ka a na-eme ihe nkiri	f	g	h	hl	hm	hn	hng	hny	i	nke abụọ	j	k
Phoneme	/ɑ/	/ɑː/	/b/	/c/	/d̪/	/ɟ/	/d/	/e/	/eː/	/ɛ/	/ɛː/	/f/	/g/	/h/	/l̥/	/m̥/	/n̥/	/ŋ̊/	/ɲ̊/	/i/	/iː/	/ð/	/k/
Ihe osise	l	m	n	ng	ny	o	oo	ö	N'oge ochie	p	q	r	s	sh	t	th	tr	u	uu	v	w	x	z
Phoneme	/l/	/m/	/n/	/ŋ/	/ɲ/	/o/	/oː/	/ʌ/	/ʌː/	/p/	/w̥/	/r/	/s/	/ʃ/	/t/	/θ/	/t/	/u/	/uː/	/v/	/w/	/x/	/z/

Asụsụ

Aha nnọchiaha

Otu

Eni/ni: M,
Eö/ö: gị
Nyipë/nyipëti: gị (ụdị nkwanye ùgwù nke ịgakwuru onye isi (joxu) ma ọ bụ nwoke meworo okenye)
Nyipo/nyipot (i) : gị (ụdị nkwanye ùgwù nke ịgakwuru nwanyị meworo okenye)
Angeic (e): ya, ya, ya
Nyidrë/nyidrët (i) : ya, ya (ụdị nkwanye ùgwù nke ịkpọtụrụ onye isi (joxu) ma ọ bụ nwoke meworo okenye)
Nyidro/nyidrot (i) : gị (ụdị nkwanye ùgwù nke ịgakwuru nwanyị meworo agadi)
Ej (e): ọ

Abụọ

Eaho/ho: anyị abụọ (naanị)
Easho/sho (easo/so) : anyị abụọ (gụnyere)
Epon (i) /pon (i): unu abụọ
Eahlo: ha abụọ
Lue ej (e): ha abụọ maka ihe na anụmanụ

Ọtụtụ

Eahun (i) /hun (i) : anyị, anyị (naanị)
Eashë/shë, easë/së: anyị niile, anyị niile (gụnyere)
Epun (i) /pun (i): gị
Angaatr (e): ha, ha
Ọ bụ ihe atụ (e): ha, ha (maka ihe na anụmanụ)

Ihe edeturu

↑ Archived copy. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved on 2005-12-31.
↑ As Maurice Leenhardt did ("Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mélanésie" (1946), the Académie considers qene miny not only as a respective register but also a distinct language
↑ Most were from the Cook Islands.

Akwụkwọ

(1882) Notes Grammaticales sur la langue de Lifu (Loyaltys) (in fr).
Ray (Jul–Dec 1917). "The People and Language of Lifu, Loyalty Islands". Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 47: 239–322. DOI:10.2307/2843343.
Walsh (1967). Dehu Grammar. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
(n'asụsụ French) Drehu, asụsụ Lifou (Iles Loyauté): phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe.
(n'asụsụ French) Maurice Lenormand, Dictionnaire de la langue de Lifou. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
Tryon, Darrell T. Dehu-English dictionary. C-6, vi + 142 peeji. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1967. doi:10.15144/PL-C6
Tryon, Darrell T. English-Dehu dictionary. C-7, iv + 165 peeji. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1967. doi:10.15144/PL-C7
Tryon, Darrell T. Dehu ụtọ asụsụ. B-7, xii + 122 peeji. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1968. doi:10.15144/PL-B7

Njikọ mpụga

Gụọ ma gee ntị na akụkọ ọdịnala na Drehu, na nsụgharị asụsụ atọ Archived Wayback Machine (homepage nke French CNRS-Lacito).
Database nke ndekọ ọdịyo na Drehu (Lifu) - ekpere ndị Katọlik bụ isi

Templeeti:Languages of New Caledonia Templeeti:Southern Oceanic languagesa pụtara na ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere ike were ya dị ka isiokwu nhọrọ maka baccalauréat na New Caledonia n'onwe ya ma ọ bụ na ala French. Akuzikwara ya na Institut national des langues et civilTempleeti:Austronesian languages

[1] Archived copy. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved on 2005-12-31.

[2] As Maurice Leenhardt did ("Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mélanésie" (1946), the Académie considers qene miny not only as a respective register but also a distinct language

[3] Most were from the Cook Islands.

[1]

[2]

[3]