Ndyuka Aukan | ||
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: | Ndyuka.svg | |
Spoken in: | Suriname, French Guiana | |
Total speakers: | Templeeti:Sigfig | |
Language family: | English Creole Atlantic Suriname NdyukaTempleeti:Infobox Language/script | |
Language codes | ||
ISO 639-1: | none | |
ISO 639-2: | — | |
ISO 639-3: | djk | |
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. |
Ndyuka //ən'dʒuːkə//, nke a na-akpọkwa Aukan, Okanisi, Ndyuka tongo, Aukaans, BusiNenge Tongo (nke ụfọdụ na-ewere dị ka mkparị), Eastern Maroon Creole, ma ọ bụ Nenge bụ Asụsụ Creole nke Suriname na French Guiana, nke Ndị Ndyuka na-asụ. Ndị na-ekwu okwu bụ otu n'ime Ndị Maroon isii (nke a na-akpọbu "Bush Negroes") na Republic of Suriname na otu n'etiti ndị Maroon na French Guiana. Ọtụtụ n'ime puku mmadụ iri abụọ na ise ruo iri atọ na-ekwu okwu bi n'ime ime obodo ahụ, nke bụ akụkụ nke mba ahụ kpuchiri Oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo. Ethnologue depụtara asụsụ abụọ yiri ya n'okpuru aha Ndyuka, nke ọzọ bụ olumba nke Lutos.
Ndyuka dabeere na okwu Bekee, yana mmetụta sitere n'asụsụ Afrịka na ụtọ asụsụ na ụda ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọdịiche dị n'etiti na ("bụ") na ná ("bụghị") bụ ụdaolu; okwu nwere ike ịmalite na ụdaume dịka mb na ng, ụfọdụ ndị na-ekwu okwu na-ejikwa ụdaume kp na gb. (Nye ndị ọzọ na-asụ Ndyuka, a na-akpọ ha kw na gw, n'otu n'otu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, okwu "ịhapụ" bụ gwé ma ọ bụ__wol____wol____wol__, site na Bekee "ịga"). Ihe dị iche n'asụsụ ahụ bụ iwepụ mkpụr r nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na Sranan Tongo.
E nwekwara mmetụta sitere n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ. ka Creolization and Contact (2002) si kwuo, 46% nke okwu ndị ahụ sitere na Bekee, 16% sitere na Dutch, 35% sitere na Portuguese, na 3% sitere na asụsụ Africa.[lower-alpha 1]
orthography nke oge a dị ich na orthography ochie nke dabeere na [./D<i id= u_language" id="mwPQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dutch language">Dutch] n'i'j' dochie u maka oe na y maka j. A na-akpọpụta [./<i id= di_(orthography)" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Digraph (orthography)">digraphs] ty na dy dịka English ch na j, n'otu n'otu. A naghị ede ụda olu mgbe niile, mana achọrọ ya maka okwu dịka ná ("ọ bụghị"). E mepụtara mkpụrụedemede Afaka maka Ndyuka na 1908.
Asụsụ Ndyuka nwere olumba atọ: Ndyuka (ma ọ bụ Okanisi), Aluku, na Paramaccan, nke dị iche iche. [1]
Kwinti dị iche iche n'asụsụ iji were ya dị ka asụsụ dị iche, mana a na-agụnye ya mgbe ụfọdụ n'okpuru aha Ndyuka.
Ndyuka bụkwa ntọala nke Ndyuka-Tiriyó Pidgin.
Nke a bụ ihe atụ nke ederede Ndyuka, na ntụgharị ya n'asụsụ Bekee (na-egosi similitarities yana evolushọn okwu), nke sitere na Languages of the Guianas (SIL Publications):
Akara asụsụ IETF edebanyela aha: [2]
atụ nke ederede Ndyuka, na ntụgharị ya n'asụsụ Bekee (na-egosi similitarities yana evolushọnatụ nke ederede Ndyuka, na ntụgharị ya n'asụsụ Bekee (na-egosi similitarities yana evolushọn