Harry H. Laughlin

Harry H. Laughlin

mmádu

ụdịekere	nwoke
mba o sị	Njikota Obodo Amerika
aha enyere	Harry
aha ezinụlọ ya	Laughlin
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya	11 Maachị 1880
Ebe ọmụmụ	Oskaloosa
Ụbọchị ọnwụ ya	26 Jenụwarị 1943
Ebe ọ nwụrụ	Mizurị
onye dị ịrịba ama	Charles Benedict Davenport
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka	Bekee
ọrụ ọ na-arụ	sociologist, biologist, cell biologist, high-school teacher
onye were ọrụ	Eugenics Record Office
ebe agụmakwụkwọ	Truman State University, Princeton University
Ọnọdụ ahụike	epilepsy
Ọrụ ama ama	Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924
Onye òtù nke	Pioneer Fund
interested in	Immigration Act of 1924, Racial Integrity Act of 1924

Harry Hamilton Laughlin (March 11, 1880 - Jenuarị 26, 1943) bụ onye nkuzi na eugenicist America. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nlekọta nke Eugenics Record Office site na mmalite ya na 1910 ruo na mmechi ya na 1939, yana so na ndị kacha arụsi ọrụ ike na-emetụta amụma eugenics America, ọkachasị iwu mmanye mmanye .

Akụkọ ndụ

Ndụ mbido

A mụrụ Harry Hamilton Laughlin na Maachị 11, 1880 na Oskaloosa, Iowa . Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na First District Normal School (ugbu a Truman State University ) na Kirksville, Missouri . Na 1917, o nwetara nzere Dọkịta nke Sayensị na Mahadum Princeton na ngalaba cytology .

Ọrụ

Ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ aha Eugenics

Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na onye isi tupu mmasị ya atụgharị na eugenics. Nke a mere ka ya na Charles Davenport nwee akwụkwọ ozi, onye nyocha oge mbụ banyere ihe nketa Mendelian na United States. Na 1910, Davenport gwara Laughlin ka ọ kwaga Long Island, New York, ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta nke ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ọhụrụ ya. ^[1]

Ewubere Eugenics Record Office (ERO) na Cold Spring Harbor, New York, site na Davenport na nkwado mbụ sitere na Mary Williamson Averell (Mrs. EH Harriman) na John Harvey Kellogg, na mgbe e mesịrị site na Carnegie Institution of Washington . ^[2] A họpụtara Laughlin ka ọ bụrụ onye isi njikwa ma gbasoo ebumnuche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ọbụlagodi na-edekọ ihe ọchị eugenical na mmemme anọ maka ịrụ ọrụ na ERO maka ntụrụndụ nke ndị ọrụ ubi na-azụ. Ọ na-ezikwa ndị otu nọ na United States okwu mgbe niile.

Laughlin nyere ndị omebe iwu United States nnukwu ịgba ama na nkwado nke Johnson-Reed Immigration Act nke 1924 . Akụkụ nke akaebe ya kwuru gbasara ara “oke” dị n'etiti ndị si n'ebe ndịda Europe na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Europe kwabata. </link>Ọ ^{[ ụka ]} ọtụtụ ndị Juu ka a mụrụ ndị dara mbà n'obi. ^[3] Onye na-ahụ maka mkpụrụ ndụ nje bacteria Herbert Spencer Jennings, katọrọ ọnụ ọgụgụ Laughlin dị ka ihe na-adịghị mma n'ihi na ha tụnyere ndị kwabatara n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na ndị ọzọ kwabatara biri. </link>^{Onye [ ]} ahụ maka akụ na ụba Joseph M. Gilman katọrọ nyocha ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na usoro nyocha nke ọrụ Laughlin, na-arụ ụka na e nwere njehie ọnụ ọgụgụ isi, yana nhọrọ nhọrọ . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Laughlin kwuputara na ụdị dị iche iche nke "mmebi" sitere na ụfọdụ agbụrụ agbụrụ nke ndị kwabatara nso nso a site n'ilele ndị bi na mgbapu na ụlọ maka ndị nwere nkwarụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ naghị aza ajụjụ maka eziokwu ahụ bụ na agbụrụ agbụrụ nke obodo ndị agadi kwabatara nwere ike ilekọta ndị nwere nkwarụ n'ụlọ kama itinye ha n'ụlọ ọrụ, nke na-abụghị maka obere ndị kwabatara na nso nso a bụ ndị nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe ezinụlọ. obodo na-elekọta ha. ^[4]

Ọchịchị ụwa

Yana mmasị ya na eugenics, Laughlin nwere mmasị na echiche nke iguzobe ọchịchị ụwa. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na atụmatụ ya maka nke a n'oge ndụ ya niile toro. Ụdị ọchịchị ụwa nke o chepụtara dabeere n'ụkpụrụ Iwu US na Njikọ Mba Nile . Nkesa nke nnọchite anya ahụ bụ nke na-enweghị isi maka Europe na North America, ọkachasị United Kingdom na United States. Laughlin kwenyere na ihe nlereanya ọchịchị ụwa ya ga-akwalite ebumnuche eugenicist nke igbochi njikọta nke agbụrụ dị iche iche. Ọtụtụ ndị isi mba ụwa gosipụtara mmasị na atụmatụ ọchịchị ụwa nke Laughlin; ndị a gụnyere Edward M. House, Woodrow Wilson onye ndụmọdụ amụma mba ofesi. ^[5]

Ịla ezumike nká na ọnwụ

Laughlin na nwunye ya Pansy lụrụ na 1902; di na nwunye ahụ amụtaghị ụmụ. Vannevar Bush manyere Laughlin ka ọ laa ezumike nká na 1939, mgbe ọtụtụ usoro ọdịdọ siri ike. ^[6] Ihe ọdịdọ ndị a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọrịa akwụkwụ na-eketa . ^[7] Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na Eugenics Record Office, di na nwunye ahụ laghachiri na Kirksville na Disemba 1939. Laughlin nwụrụ Jenụwarị 26, 1943, wee lie ya n'akụkụ nna ya na nne ya n'ili Highland Park Cemetery na Kirksville. ^{[8] [9]}

Hụkwa

• Eugenics na United States
• ES Gosney
• Madison Grant
• Human Betterment Foundation
• Paul B. Popenoe

Edensibia

1. Eugenic Archives: Eugenics Record Office, board of scientific directors and functions. www.eugenicsarchive.org. Retrieved on 2021-06-11.
2. Laughlin. Eugenical Sterilization in the United States. PSYCHOPATHIC LABORATORY OF THE MUNICIPAL COURT OF CHICAGO. Retrieved on 9 February 2014.
3. Miller (1994). "The Pioneer Fund: Bankrolling the Professors of Hate". The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (6): 58–61. DOI:10.2307/2962466. ISSN 1077-3711. 
4. Gillman (1924). "Statistics and the Immigration Problem". American Journal of Sociology 30 (1): 29–48. ISSN 0002-9602. 
5. McDonald (July 2013). "Making the World Safe for Eugenics: The Eugenicist Harry H. Laughlin's Encounters with American Internationalism1". The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 12 (3): 379–411. DOI:10.1017/S1537781413000212. 
6. Kevles (1995). In the name of eugenics : genetics and the uses of human heredity, 1st Harvard University Press pbk., Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-520-05763-5. 
7. Black (2012). War against the weak eugenics and America's campaign to create a master race, 2. paperback, expanded, Washington, DC: Dialog Press. ISBN 978-0-914153-30-6. 
8. "Dr. Harry H. Laughlin Geneticist and Author, 62, Once With Carnegie Institute, Dies", The New York Times, January 28, 1943. Retrieved on 2010-07-04. “Dr. Harry Hamilton Laughlin, geneticist and immigration authority, died here yesterday at the age of 62. Dr. Laughlin urged for years restriction of ...”
9. Kirksville Devil's Chair. Atlas Obscura.

Ọgụgụ ọzọ

• Black (2003). War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. New York: Four Walls Eight Windows. ISBN 978-1-56858-258-0.  Winner, "2003 Best Book of the Year," International Human Rights Award.
• Bruinius (2007). Better for All the World: The Secret History of Forced Sterilization and America's Quest for Racial Purity. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-375-71305-7. 
• Elof Axel Carlson, Times of Triumph, Times of Doubt: Science and the Battle for Public Trust. Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Press, 2006).  ISBN 0-87969-805-5
• Kühl (2002). The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514978-4. Retrieved on 2 October 2010. 
• Harry H. Laughlin, Eugenical Sterilization in the United States (Chicago: Psychopathic Laboratory of the Municipal Court of Chicago, 1922).
• Spiro (2009). Defending the Master Race: Conservation, Eugenics, and the Legacy of Madison Grant. Univ. of Vermont Press. ISBN 978-1-58465-715-6. 
• Tucker (2007). The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-07463-9. 
• McDonald, Jason (2013). "Making the World Safe for Eugenics." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8936965&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S1537781413000212

Njikọ mpụga

• Harry H. Laughlin Akwụkwọ na Truman State University
• Eugenics Images Archive na Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• Sterilisation nke America: akụkọ ihe mere eme
• Mahadum Virginia: Eugenics
• Laughlin, Harry H. Eugenical Sterilisation na United States . Laboratory Psychopathic nke Ụlọikpe Obodo nke Chicago, 1922.