Laboratory centrifuge

Centrifuge nke ụlọ nyocha bụ ngwá ọrụ nke ụlọ nyocha, nke moto na-akwagharị, nke na-agbagharị ihe nlele mmiri na ọsọ dị elu. ^[1] nwere ụdị centrifuges dị iche iche, dabere na nha na ikike nnwale.

Dị ka centrifuges ndị ọzọ niile, ụlọ nyocha centrifuges na-arụ ọrụ site na ụkpụrụ sedimentation, ebe a na-eji centripetal acceleration kewapụ ihe ndị dị ukwuu na obere njupụta.

Ụdị

E nwere ụdị dị iche iche nke centrifugation:

Centrifugation dị iche iche, nke a na-ejikarị ekewapụta ụfọdụ organelles site na mkpụrụ ndụ dum maka nyocha ọzọ nke akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ
Isopycnic centrifugation, nke a na-ejikarị ekewapụta nucleic acid dị ka DNA
Sucrose gradient centrifugation, nke a na-ejikarị eme ka nje virus na ribosomes dị ọcha, yana ikewapụ organelles nke mkpụrụ ndụ site na ihe ndị na-enweghị isi nke mkpụrụ ndụ

E nwere ụdị dị iche iche nke centrifuges nke ụlọ nyocha:

Microcentrifuges

(ngwá ọrụ maka obere tubes site na 0.2 ml ruo 2.0 ml (micro tubes), ruo 96 well-plates, compact design, obere footprint; ruo 30,000 g)

Centrifuges ụlọ ọgwụ

(Ngwaọrụ na-agba ọsọ nke a na-eji eme ihe maka ọgwụ dịka tubes nchịkọta ọbara)

Centrifuges na-agba ọsọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ihe

(ngwá ọrụ maka ụdị tube dịgasị iche iche, nnukwu mgbanwe, nnukwu akara)

Ultracentrifuges

(ụkpụrụ nyocha na nkwadebe)

N'ihi okpomọkụ nke ikuku na-emepụta (ọbụlagodi na ultracentrifuges, ebe rotor na-arụ ọrụ na ezigbo ikuku), na mkpa ọ dị ịnọgide na-enwe ihe nlele na okpomọkụ a nyere, a na-etinye ọtụtụ ụdị centrifuges nke ụlọ nyocha na friji ma na-achịkwa okpomọkụ.

Igwe centrifuge

Centrifuge tubes bụ nke a na-eme nke ọma, nke nwere ike dị elu nke iko ma ọ bụ plastik mere iji daba kpọmkwem na oghere rotor. Ha nwere ike ịdịgasị iche na ikike site na 50 mL ruo na ikike dị nta nke a na-eji na microcentrifuges eji eme ihe nke ukwuu na ụlọ nyocha nke ihe ndị dị ndụ. Microcentrifuges na-enwekarị tubes microcentrifuge plastik a na-atụfu atụfu na ikike site na 250 μL ruo 2.0 mL.

Enwere ike iji tubes centrifuge iko jiri ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze, mana ọ na-adị ọnụ karịa. Enwere ike ihicha ha dị ka iko iko ụlọ nyocha ndị ọzọ, enwere ike ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi site na autoclaving. Obere nchacha sitere na njikwa enweghị nlezianya nwere ike ime ka ọdịda n'okpuru ike siri ike etinyere n'oge a na-agba ọsọ. A na-etinye tubes iko n'ime aka uwe rọba dị nro iji kwado ha mgbe a na-agba ọsọ. Plastic centrifuge tubes, karịsịa na-adịkarị ọnụ ala ma, na-akpachapụ anya, nwere ike ịdịte aka dị ka iko. A na-ahọrọ mmiri mgbe a na-eji tubes centifuge plastik mee ihe. Ha na-esikarị ike ihicha nke ọma, ma ọ na-adịkarị ọnụ ala nke a ga-ewere na a ga-atụfu ya.

A na-ejikarị plastik "microlitre tubes" nke 0.5ml ruo 2ml eme ihe na microcentrifuges. A na-akpụzi ha site na plastik na-egbuke egbuke nke yiri polythene, ha bụ ọkara conical n'ọdịdị, nwere okpu nkedo zuru oke.

A na-eji karama centrifuge na-agbapụta ihe ndị buru ibu, nke nwere ike site na 250 ruo 1000 milliliters. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-eji enyo dị arọ mee ụfọdụ, karama centrifuge na-ejikarị plastik anaghị agbaji agbaji dị ka polypropylene ma ọ bụ polycarbonate. Enwere ike iji mmechi mechie maka mmesi obi ike agbakwunyere.

Nchebe

A ghaghị iji nlezianya dozie ibu dị na centrifuge nke ụlọ nyocha. ^[2] na-enweta nke a site na iji ngwakọta nke ihe nlele na tubes nguzozi nke niile nwere otu ịdị arọ ma ọ bụ site na iji usoro nguzozi dị iche iche na-enweghị tubes nguudo. Ọ bụ nsogbu mgbakọ na mwepụ na-adọrọ mmasị iji dozie usoro nguzozi nyere n oghere na k tubes nwere otu ịdị arọ. ^[3] maara na ngwọta ahụ dị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ naanị ma ọ bụrụhaala na enwere ike ịkọwa ma k na n-k dị ka ngụkọta nke isi ihe nke n. Obere ọdịiche dị n'ibu nke ibu ahụ nwere ike ịkpata nnukwu ike na-adịghị mma mgbe rotor nọ na nnukwu ọsọ. Ike a na-enweghị atụ na-eme ka spindle sie ike ma nwee ike imebi centrifuge ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ onwe onye. Ụfọdụ centrifuges nwere njirimara nchọpụta rotor na-akpaghị aka nke na-akwụsị ọsọ ozugbo mgbe a chọpụtara enweghị nkwụsi ike.

Tupu ịmalite centrifuge, nlele ziri ezi nke rotor na usoro mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ iwu. Rotor na-agbagharị agbagharị nwere ike imerụ ahụ nke ukwuu ma ọ bụrụ na emetụ ya aka. centrifuges nke oge a na-enwekarị atụmatụ ndị na-egbochi kọntaktị mberede na rotor na-agagharị agagharị ka a na-ekpochi isi mkpuchi n'oge a na-agba ọsọ.

Centrifuge rotors nwere nnukwu Ike kinetic n'oge ntụgharị ọsọ. Rotor ọdịda, nke nrụgide igwe sitere na ike dị elu nke injin ahụ nyere, nwere ike ime n'ihi nkwarụ n'ịmepụta, nkwarụ na ịdọwa, ma ọ bụ iji ya eme ihe na mmezi na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. Ọdịda dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịbụ ọdachi, ọkachasị na centrifuges buru ibu, ma na-akpata mbibi zuru oke nke centrifuge. Ọ bụ ezie na centrifuges n'ozuzu ha nwere ihe nchebe iji gbochie ọdịda ndị a, ihe nchebe dị otú ahụ nwere ike ọ gaghị ezu, ọkachasị na ụdị ochie, ma ọ bụ enwere ike ịkwaga centrifuge dum site na ọnọdụ ya, na-akpata mmebi na ndị ọrụ na ngwá ọrụ dị nso. Mmebi rotor na-enweghị mgbochi emebiwo windo ụlọ nyocha ma mebie friji na kọbọd. ^[4] belata ihe ize ndụ nke ọdịda rotor, ndị na-emepụta centrifuge na-akọwapụta usoro ọrụ na mmezi iji hụ na a na-enyocha rotors mgbe niile ma wepụ ya na ọrụ ma ọ bụ wepụ ya (naanị na-arụ ọrụ na ọsọ dị ala) mgbe ha gafere oge ndụ ha tụrụ anya ya.

Ihe ize ndụ ọzọ nwere ike ime bụ ikuku ikuku nke ihe atụ dị ize ndụ n'oge centrifugation. Iji gbochie mmetọ nke ụlọ nyocha, mkpuchi rotor nwere gaskets aerosol pụrụ iche dị. Enwere ike ibunye rotor na ihe nlele n'ime mkpuchi na mkpuchi rotor na rotor. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-ebufe usoro ikuku rotor na mkpuchi na centrifuge. Enwere ike idozi rotor n'ime centrifuge na-emegheghị mkpuchi. Mgbe agbachara ọsọ ahụ, a na-ewepụ mgbakọ rotor dum, gụnyere mkpuchi, site na centrifuge na mkpuchi maka nzọụkwụ ọzọ, na-echekwa ihe nlele n'ime usoro mechiri emechi.

Hụkwa

Ultracentrifuge
Nkewa
Cytocentrifuge

Edensibia

↑ Susan R. Mikkelsen & Eduardo Cortón. Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ch. 13. Centrifugation Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Mar 4, 2004, pp. 247-267.
↑ Frothingham (February 1999). "Centrifugation without a balance tube". American Laboratory 31 (19): 10. ISSN 0044-7749. Retrieved on March 18, 2011.
↑ The Centrifuge Problem - Numberphile
↑ Cornell University EH&S. Centrifuge Accident. Retrieved on 29 December 2010.

[bioanalytical-1] Susan R. Mikkelsen & Eduardo Cortón. Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ch. 13. Centrifugation Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Mar 4, 2004, pp. 247-267.

[2] Frothingham (February 1999). "Centrifugation without a balance tube". American Laboratory 31 (19): 10. ISSN 0044-7749. Retrieved on March 18, 2011.

[3] The Centrifuge Problem - Numberphile

[4] Cornell University EH&S. Centrifuge Accident. Retrieved on 29 December 2010.

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