Mel Edwards

Mel Edwards

mmádu

ụdịekere	nwoke
mba o sị	Njikota Obodo Amerika
aha enyere	Melvin, Eugene
aha ezinụlọ ya	Edwards
aha otutu	Mel
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya	4 Mee 1937
Ebe ọmụmụ	Houston
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka	Bekee
ọrụ ọ na-arụ	onye na-akpụ ihe ọkpụkpụ, onye ese, drawer
ụdị ọrụ ya	drawing
onye were ọrụ	Rutgers University
ebe agụmakwụkwọ	University of Southern California, Los Angeles City College, Chouinard Art Institute
Ebe ọrụ	New York City
agbụrụ	Ndi Afrika nke Amerika
Ọrụ ama ama	Breaking of the Chains
Onye òtù nke	Smokehouse Associates
Ihe nrite	Guggenheim Fellowship
onye nnọchite anya nwebiisinka	ikike mmeputakwa nke CISAC-otu nọchiri anya ya
ikike nwebiisinka dị ka onye okike	Ọrụ nwebiisinka chekwara
omenkà faịlụ na	Smithsonian American Art and Portrait Gallery Library, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture

 

Melvin “Mel” Edwards (amụrụ Mee 4, 1937) ^[1] bụ onye omenkà America, onye nkuzi na onye na -akpụ ọla nchara . Ọzọkwa, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ịse na mbipụta . Ihe osise ya nwere ọdịnaya ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-ekwukarị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Africa-American, yana nyocha nke isiokwu n'ime ịgba ohu. ^{[2] [3]} A na-ahụ anya ọrụ ya bụ iji ụdị triangular nwere ihu kwụ ọtọ na nke rectilinear na ọla. Ọ bi n'etiti Upstate New York na na Plainfield, New Jersey . ^[4]

O nweela ihe ngosi ihe ngosi ihe karịrị iri na abuo otu onye ma nọrọkwa na ihe ngosi otu iri na abuo. Edwards enweela ihe ngosi solo na Whitney Museum of American Art na New York City, Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), na New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, New Jersey .

Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ

Melvin Eugene Edwards, Jr., mụrụ na Mee 4, 1937, na Houston, Texas, nye Thelmarie Edwards na Melvin Edwards Sr, ^[1] ma bụrụ ọkpara n'ime ụmụ anọ nne na nna ya mụrụ. ^[3] Nna ya rụrụ ọrụ maka Houston Lighting & Power na ndị mụrụ ya gbara alụkwaghịm na nwata. ^[4] A zụlitere ya na Dayton, Ohio, afọ ise, mana mgbe ọ dị n'etiti ụlọ akwụkwọ, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri na Houston, ^{[4] [3]} ebe Edwards tolitere n'oge nkewa agbụrụ . Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị EO Smith Junior na Phillis Wheatley High School . ^{[5] [3]} Ọ bụ onye okike site na nwata ma ndị mụrụ ya gbara ya ume na nna ya na-arụ ọrụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 14. ^[3] Onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị webatara Edwards ka ọ bụrụ nka . ^[5] Mgbe ọ na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Edwards malitere ịga klas nka na Museum of Fine Arts, Houston . ^[3]

N'afọ 1955, ọ kwagara n'ebe ndịda California ịga mụọ akwụkwọ na kọleji Los Angeles City . ^[6] Edwards bufere ụlọ akwụkwọ ka ọ mụọ nka na ịgba bọọlụ na Mahadum Southern California (USC), ebe ọ nwetara nzere BFA na 1965. ^{[3] [6]} Mgbe ọ na-aga USC, Edwards weere usoro akụkọ ihe mere eme nke gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'echiche nke Europe, nke kpasuru ya iwe ma kpalie ya ịmụtakwu banyere akụkọ ntolite Africa. Nke a kpaliri njem ọ gara Africa ka afọ ise gachara. ^[3]

Ọ gara Los Angeles County Art Institute (nke a maara dị ka Otis College of Art and Design ) n'oge ezumike site na USC iji soro Renzo Fenci mụọ ihe ọkpụkpụ. ^[6] Na mgbakwunye, Edwards bụ onye onye Hungarian-American onye na-ese ihe bụ Francis de Erdely, ma mụọ n'okpuru Hal Gebhardt, Hans Burkhardt, na Edward Ewing. ^{[7] [5] [8]}

Nkuzi

Na 1965, ọ gara n'ihu na-akụzi na Chouinard Art Institute (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka California Institute of Arts ) ruo 1967. ^[6] Ọ kwagara New York City na 1967. ^[9] Ọzọkwa ọ kuziri na Orange County Community College na New York (1967–1969), na Mahadum Connecticut (1970–1972). ^{[1] [10]}

Na 1972, ọ malitere ịkụzi klaasị nka na Mahadum Livingston nke Mahadum Rutgers (nke bụ akụkụ nke Rutgers School of Arts and Sciences ugbu a). ^[11] Site na 1980, ọ bụ onye prọfesọ zuru oke na nkuzi na Mason Gross School of Creative and Performing Arts na Mahadum Rutgers . ^[11] N'afọ 2002, ọ lara ezumike nká na nkuzi.

Ọrụ nka

Emere ihe ngosi mbụ ya nke otu onye na 1965 na Santa Barbara Museum of Art na Santa Barbara, California. ^[9] Edwards zoro aka na egwu jazz dị ka mmetụta na ọrụ ya. ^[12]

N'afọ 1969, Edwards zutere onye na-ese ihe bụ Frank Bowling, onye na-ese ihe na-ekerịta mmasị ya n'ịme nka nke bụ isi ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe, ọnọdụ nke ga-abụ nke a na-asọ mpi dị ka ndị otu omenala na nka nke ojii na-akpọ oku ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka saịtị nke ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. . Bowling rụrụ ọrụ zoro aka na Edwards, akpọrọ Mel Edwards Decides (1968) . ^[13]

Na 1970, Edwards mere njem nke mbụ ya na Africa, na-eleta mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Africa nke Nigeria, Togo, Benin, na Ghana. ^[3] Njem a metụtara ọrụ ya, na nleta ndị ọzọ na Africa sochiri ya kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. ^[3] N'ime 1970s, ọ sonyere na oghere nka obodo akpọrọ Communications Village, nke onye na-ebi akwụkwọ Benjamin Leroy Wigfall na-arụ na Kingston, NY . Andrews mere mbipụta site n'enyemaka nke ndị na-enyere ndị na-ebi akwụkwọ bụ ndị Wigfall kụziiri ka e si ebi akwụkwọ, na Edwards gosipụtara ebe ahụ. ^[14]

Ọrụ

Ụlọ anwụrụ ọkụ (1968-1970)

Smokehouse (nke a makwaara dị ka Smokehouse Associates, Smokehouse Collective, Smokehouse Painters) bụ atụmatụ "mgbidi eserese" nke obodo New York, nke Melvin Edwards na William T. Williams kere n'akụkụ ya, sitere na 1968 ruo 1970. ^{[15] [16]} The oru ngo dị ka a na-elekọta mmadụ nnwale na-ajụ ajụjụ a: "nwere ike abstraction dozie mmadụ ikpe ziri ezi?" ^[6] Ihe osise mgbidi ahụ nwere eserese ndị siri ike na ụkpụrụ geometric, ^[6] na-eme n'etiti 120th Street na 125th Street nke Harlem . A mụrụ oru a site n'ịtụgharị uche n'otú ọdịnala narị afọ nke 19 nke ikpokọta ụlọ si metụta psyche mmadụ na Edwards kwenyere na a ga-enwe mmekọrịta siri ike n'etiti ebe obibi na ndụ ndị mmadụ. O kwuru nke a na N'ajụjụ ọnụ na Soul of a National Symposium na 2018, na-ekwu, sị: "Ọ bụrụ na ị gbanwee ebe, ị nwere ike ịgbanwe ndụ ndị mmadụ." ^[17] Edwards chọrọ ka ọha na eze sonye n'ụzọ obodo na-emepe emepe. N'ime ọrụ ọ bụla, Smokehouse ga-ewe onye agadi nọ n'ime obodo yana onye na-eto eto. ^{[ a chọrọ nkọwa ]}

Ihe ngosi

Edwards esonyela n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo na United States na mba ụwa. Ihe ngosi solo ya gụnyere Melvin Edwards (1965), Santa Barbara Museum of Art, California ; Melvin Edwards: Ọkpụkpụ (1978), Studio Museum na Harlem, New York ; Ihe oyiyi nke Melvin Edwards, Ụlọ ihe nkiri, New York ; Mel Edwards: Lynch Fragment Series (1985), Robeson Gallery, Mahadum Rutgers, New Brunswick, New Jersey ; na Melvin Edwards (2022), Dia Beacon, Beacon, New York . ^[18]

Emere afọ 30 na-atụgharị ihe ọkpụkpụ ya na 1993 na Neuberger Museum of Art, Purchase, New York, na afọ 50 nke aha ya bụ Melvin Edwards: A na-eme afọ iri ise na 2015 na Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas . ^{[19] [20] [21] [22]} Melvin Edwards: Crossroads, ihe ngosi nke ihe osise 23 na nrụnye, na-enyocha njikọ ọdịnala na ọrụ onye na-ese ihe, gosipụtara na Baltimore Museum of Art site na Septemba 29, 2019 ruo Jenụwarị 12, 2020. ^{[23] [24]}

Ọ sonyela na ọtụtụ ihe ngosi otu, gụnyere 56th Venice Biennale (2015), Havana Biennial (2019), na Afro-Atlantic Histories (2018, 2021 – 2022). ^[18]

Ndụ onwe onye

Edwards lụrụ na 1960 na Karen Hamre; ha mụrụ ụmụ atọ ọnụ. ^[3] Na 1969, di na nwunye ahụ kewara; Hamre na ụmụaka ahụ nọrọ na Los Angeles ebe Edwards akwagalarị New York City . ^[25]

Na 1976, Edwards lụrụ onye na-ede uri Jayne Cortez . ^[26] Cortez na Edwards rụkọrọ ọrụ ọnụ: o gosipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya Pissstained Stairs and the Monkey Man's Wares (1969), o wee dee usoro uri iji soro ọrụ di ya Lynch Fragments . ^{[12] [25]}

Ụlọ ihe nkiri nka ya dị na mgbago ugwu New York na na Plainfield, New Jersey, ọ na-agakarịkwa na Dakar, Senegal . ^[4]

Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu

• 1975 - enyere onyinye Guggenheim Fellowship .
• 1984 - onyinye sitere na National Endowment for Arts (NEA). ^[21]
• 1988 - Mmekọrịta Fulbright na Zimbabwe site na 1988-1989. ^[21]
• 1992 - ahọpụtara na National Academy of Design dị ka onye mmekọ, wee bụrụ onye mmụta zuru oke na 1994.
• 2000 – Mmemme obibi ndị nka nka ụlọ nyocha, Dieu Donné, Brooklyn, New York ^[27]
• Ọ nwetara nzere Doctorate nke Fine Arts site na Massachusetts College of Art and Design (MassArt) na 2014.
• Ọ bụ isiokwu nke ihe nkiri 2016 akwụkwọ akụkọ Lydie Diakhaté, nke isiokwu ya bụ Ụfọdụ Bright Morning: The Art of Melvin Edwards . ^[28]

Ọrụ ndị a ma ama na mkpokọta ọha

 

Hụkwa

• Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri Africa-American

Ntụaka

oge Symbolist . ^[29] N'oge dị iche iche, ọ bụ onye na-ese akwụkwọ, na ndị ọzọ bụ onye kere ihe osise - nke ọ gụrụ n'okpuru Charles Grafly na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts . Ọ bụ ezie na o kwuru na ya apụghị ọkachamara na ụdị African-American, Fuller ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị kasị dị irè na-ede akụkọ banyere nwa ojii na Unitedoge Symbolist . ^[30] N'oge dị iche iche, ọ bụ onye na-ese akwụkwọ, na ndị ọzọ bụ onye kere ihe osise - nke ọ gụrụ n'okpuru Charles Grafly na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts . Ọ bụ ezie na o kwuru na ya apụghị ọkachamara na ụdị African-American, Fuller ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị kasị dị irè na-ede akụkọ banyere nwa ojii na United

1. Lisa S. Weitzman, "Edwards, Melvin 1937–", encyclopedia.com.
2. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lewis
3. Jegede (2009). Encyclopedia of African American Artists. ABC-CLIO, 77–80. ISBN 9780313080609. Jegede, Dele (2009). Encyclopedia of African American Artists. ABC-CLIO. pp. 77–80. ISBN 9780313080609.
4. Kauffman (2015-09-30). Sculptor Mel Edward's 50 Years of Work on View at Zimmerli (en-US). U.S. 1 Newspaper, Princeton Info. Retrieved on May 9, 2020.Kauffman, Aubrey J. (September 30, 2015). "Sculptor Mel Edward's 50 Years of Work on View at Zimmerli". U.S. 1 Newspaper, Princeton Info. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
5. Kino. "Rediscovering Someone Recognized", The New York Times, 2012-10-17. Retrieved on May 6, 2020. (in en-US)
6. Melvin Edwards (en). Hammer Museum, UCLA. Retrieved on May 6, 2020.
7. Melvin Edwards Exhibition (en). Slash Paris (2014). Retrieved on August 2, 2019.
8. Keane (November 22, 2014). Man of Steel: The Welded Transfigurations of Melvin Edwards (en-US). Hyperallergic. Retrieved on May 9, 2020.
9. Melvin Edwards: Crossroads (en-US). Ogden Museum of Southern Art. Retrieved on May 7, 2020. “In 1965 the Santa Barbara Museum of Art organized Edwards' first solo exhibition, which launched his professional career.”
10. Marter, Joan (May 31, 2016), "Melvin Edwards: Liberation and Remembrance", Sculpture, 35.4, via AlexanderGray.com.
11. Melvin Edwards · Experimental Printmaking Institute. Lafayette College (April 3, 2017). Retrieved on May 9, 2020.
12. Widener (2010). Black Arts West: Culture and Struggle in Postwar Los Angeles. Duke University Press, 173–174. ISBN 9780822392620. Widener, Daniel (2010). Black Arts West: Culture and Struggle in Postwar Los Angeles. Duke University Press. pp. 173–174. ISBN 9780822392620.
13. Keefe (January 2016). "Frank Bowling". ArtForum 54 (5). Retrieved on 10 November 2023. 
14. Fendrich (2022-10-20). When an artist becomes a community: The life and work of Benjamin Wigfall. Two Coats of Paint. Retrieved on 2023-05-17.
15. Smokehouse, 1968-1970 (en). The Studio Museum in Harlem (2017-09-12). Archived from the original on 2021-10-13. Retrieved on May 6, 2020.
16. Kazarian (November 6, 2019). MELVIN EDWARDS with Choghakate Kazarian (en-US). The Brooklyn Rail. Retrieved on May 6, 2020.
17. Artist Conversation: Melvin Edwards and William T. Williams. Youtube (March 12, 2018). Archived from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved on June 5, 2024.
18. Melvin Edwards CV. Alexander Gray. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved on June 30, 2022."Melvin Edwards CV". Alexander Gray. Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
19. Jerome Weeks, "Melvin Edwards At The Nasher: Man of Steel", Art & Seek, January 31, 2015.
20. Lance Esplund, "Review of 'Melvin Edwards: Five Decades' at the Nasher Sculpture Center", The Wall Street Journal, March 31, 2015.
21. Otfinoski (2014). African Americans in the Visual Arts, A to Z of African Americans, Facts on File library of American history. New York City, NY: Facts on File, Inc, 74. ISBN 9781438107776. Otfinoski, Steven (2014). African Americans in the Visual Arts. A to Z of African Americans, Facts on File library of American history. New York City, NY: Facts on File, Inc. p. 74. ISBN 9781438107776.
22. Lucinda H. Gedeon; Melvin Edwards; Melvin Edwards sculpture : a thirty-year retrospective, 1963–1993, Neuberger Museum of Art, State University of New York at Purchase; Seattle: distributed by the University of Washington Press, 1993. World Cat.
23. Edwards, Mel (January 9, 2020), "Object Lessons: Melvin Edwards", Sculpture.
24. "BMA Presents Melvin Edwards: Crossroads", Baltimore Museum of Art, 15 August 2019.
25. Hadler (February 19, 2018). William T. Williams by Mona Hadler. BOMB Magazine. Retrieved on May 6, 2020.Hadler, Mona (February 19, 2018). "William T. Williams by Mona Hadler". BOMB Magazine. The Oral History Project. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
26. Encyclopedia of African American Women Writers, vol. 1, p. 121.
27. Melvin Edwards (en-US). Dieu Donné. Retrieved on May 9, 2020.
28. "Some Bright Morning: The Art Of Melvin Edwards" at African Film Festival, New York, 2016.
29. Leininger-Miller (2001). New Negro Artists in Paris: African American Painters and Sculptors in the City of Light, 1922–1934. Rutgers University Press. 
30. Leininger-Miller (2001). New Negro Artists in Paris: African American Painters and Sculptors in the City of Light, 1922–1934. Rutgers University Press. 

Njikọ mpụga

• Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Melvin Edwards.
• Carol Kino, "Ịchọpụtaghachi Onye Aghọtara", New York Times, Ọktoba 17, 2012.
• Michael Brenson, "Melvin Edwards", akwụkwọ akụkọ BOMB – Ndị nka na mkparịta ụka, Nọvemba 24, 2014.
• Catherine Craft, "Mkparịta ụka ya na Melvin Edwards", Nasher Sculpture Center.
• "NO. 170: Melvin Edwards, Gohar Dashti", Pọdkastị ndetu nka nke oge a.