Ịgụ kpakpando nke ọdịda anyanwụ bụ usoro ịgụ kpakpando kacha ewu ewu na mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ. Ịgụ kpakpando ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ sitere na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos (narị afọ nke abụọ OA), nke n'aka nke ya bụ ihe na aga n'ihu nke ndị Gris na n'ikpeazụ omenala ndị Babilọn.
Ịgụ kpakpando n’Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ na abụkarị horoscopic, ya bụ, ọ bụ ụdị ịgba afa na adabere n’owuwu nke horoscope ruo otu oge, dị ka ọmụmụ mmadụ yana ebe (ebe ọ bụ na mpaghara oge nwere ike imetụta eserese ọmụmụ mmadụ ma ọ bụ ọ gaghị emetụta) , nke a na ekwu na ahụ dị iche iche nke mbara igwe na enwe mmetụta. A na ebelata ịgụ kpakpando n'ọdịbendị a ma ama nke ọdịda anyanwụ ka ọ bụrụ ịgụ kpakpando akara anyanwụ, nke na atụle naanị ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke onye ahụ (ya bụ "ọnọdụ Sun" n'ụbọchị ahụ).
Ịgụ ịgụ kpakpando bụ pseudoscience na ọ na adarịrị nnwale na nkwenye usoro.
A na ewere ịgụ kpakpando n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ na sayensị a na akwanyere ùgwù tupu amụ ihe, mana nyocha ọgbara ọhụrụ ahụbeghị ihe ndabere na agbanwe agbanwe na ya.
Ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke ịgụ kpakpando bụ ntinye aka na mbara igwe. A na ele onye ahụ, Ụwa, na gburugburu ya anya dị ka otu akụkụ ahụ, akụkụ ya niile na ejikọta ibe ha. nke mgbanwe a na ahụ n'ụwa na n'ime onye ahụ.[lower-alpha 2] A na egosipụta mmekọrịta a na Hermetic maxim "dị ka n'elu, n'okpuru; dị ka n'okpuru, otú ahụ n'elu", nke na edepụta symmetry n'etiti onye ahụ dị ka microcosm na celestial. gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka macrocosm.[ala-alpha 3]
N'adịghị ka Sidereal ịgụ kpakpando, Western astrology na enyocha ọmụmụ mmadụ dabere na nhazi nke kpakpando na mbara ala site n'ọnọdụ dị n'ụwa kama ịnọ na mbara igwe.
N'ime obi nke ịgụ kpakpando bụ ụkpụrụ metaphysical nke na mmekọrịta mgbakọ na mwepụ na egosipụta àgwà ma ọ bụ 'ụda' nke ume nke na egosipụta na ọnụọgụ, akụkụ anya, ọdịdị na ụda ha niile jikọtara ya na usoro nke nha. Otu ihe atụ mbụ bụ Ptolemy, bụ́ onye dere ihe odide ndị na akpa ike n’isiokwu ndị a nile. Al Kindi, na narị afọ nke itoolu, mepụtara echiche Ptolemy na De Aspectibus nke na enyocha ọtụtụ isi ihe dị mkpa na ịgụ kpakpando na iji akụkụ ụwa.
Zodiac bụ eriri ma ọ bụ eriri nke igwe kpakpando nke anyanwụ, ọnwa, na mbara ala na esi na njem ha gafee mbara igwe. Ndị na agụ kpakpando kwuru banyere ìgwè kpakpando ndị a ma tinyekwa ha otu ihe dị mkpa. Ka oge na aga, ha mepụtara usoro nke akara iri na abụọ nke zodiac, dabere na iri na abụọ nke ìgwè kpakpando nke anyanwụ na agafe n'afọ niile, ìgwè kpakpando ndị ahụ bụ "Enlighted by the mind". Ọtụtụ ndị naagụ kpakpando n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na eji zodiac okpomọkụ na-amalite na akara nke Aries na Northern Hemisphere vernal equinox mgbe niile na ma ọ bụ gburugburu March 21 nke afọ ọ bụla. A na adọta Zodiac nke dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ na adabere na mmekọrịta ụwa na ọnọdụ edozi, nke a họpụtara na mbara igwe, na oge ụwa. A na esepụta Zodiac Sidereal dabere na ọnọdụ ụwa n'ihe gbasara ìgwè kpakpando, ma na agbaso mmegharị ha na mbara igwe.
N'ihi ihe a na akpọ precession of the equinoxes (ebe axis ụwa na eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na agbagharị dị ka ihe na agbagharị agbagharị n'ime afọ 25,700), a na enwe ngbanwe ngwa ngwa na ngbanwe n'etiti oge ụwa (na kalenda) na ìgwè kpakpando nke zodiac. Ya mere, zodiac okpomọkụ kwekọrọ na ọnọdụ nke ụwa n'ihe gbasara ọnọdụ ndị dị na mbara igwe (Western Astrology), ebe zodiac sidereal na esere dabere na ọnọdụ n'ihe gbasara ìgwè kpakpando (zodiac sidereal).
Na ịgụ kpakpando n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ nke oge a, a kwenyere na akara zodiac na anọchite anya ụdị mmadụ iri na abụọ ma ọ bụ ụdị nkwupụta. A na ekewa akara iri na abụọ ahụ n'ime ihe anọ ọkụ, ụwa, ikuku na mmiri. A na ewere akara ọkụ na ikuku dị ka nwoke, ebe a na ewere mmiri na akara ụwa dị ka nwanyị. A na ekewakwa akara iri na abụọ ahụ n'ime àgwà atọ, nke a na akpọkwa modalities, Cardinal, fix and mutable.
Latin Name | Gloss | Symbol | Unicode Character | Approximate Sun Sign Dates | Ecliptic Longitude (a ≤ λ < b) |
House | Polarity | Modality | Triplicity | Modern Ruler | Classic Ruler | Greek name | Sanskrit name | Sumero-Babylonian name |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aries | The Ram | ♈︎ | March 21 – April 19 | 0° to 30° | 1 | Positive | Cardinal | Fire | Mars | Κριός (Krios) | Meṣa (मेष) | MUL LU.ḪUN.GA[1] "Agrarian Worker", Dumuzi | ||
Taurus | The Bull | ♉︎ | April 20 – May 20 | 30° to 60° | 2 | Negative | Fixed | Earth | Venus | Ταῦρος (Tauros) | Vṛṣabha (वृषभ) | MULGU4.AN.NA "Divine Bull of Heaven" | ||
Gemini | The Twins | ♊︎ | May 21 – June 20 | 60° to 90° | 3 | Positive | Mutable | Air | Mercury | Δίδυμοι (Didymoi) | Mithuna (मिथुन) | MULMAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL "Great Twins" (Castor & Pollux) | ||
Cancer | The Crab | () | ♋︎ | June 21 – July 22 | 90° to 120° | 4 | Negative | Cardinal | Water | Moon | Καρκίνος (Karkinos) | Karka (कर्क) | MULAL.LUL "Crayfish" | |
Leo | The Lion | ♌︎ | July 23 – August 22 | 120° to 150° | 5 | Positive | Fixed | Fire | Sun | Λέων (Leōn) | Siṃha (सिंह) | MULUR.GU.LA "Lion" | ||
Virgo | The Maiden | ♍︎ | August 23 – September 22 | 150° to 180° | 6 | Negative | Mutable | Earth | Mercury | Παρθένος (Parthenos) | Kanyā (कन्या) | MULAB.SIN "The Furrow"* *"The goddess Shala's ear of grain" | ||
Libra | The Scales | ♎︎ | September 23 – October 22 | 180° to 210° | 7 | Positive | Cardinal | Air | Venus | Ζυγός (Zygos) | Tulā (तुला) | MULZIB.BA.AN.NA "Scales" | ||
Scorpio | The Scorpion | ♏︎ | October 23 – November 21 | 210° to 240° | 8 | Negative | Fixed | Water | Pluto (or) | Mars | Σκoρπίος (Skorpios) | Vṛścika (वृश्चिक) | MULGIR.TAB "Scorpion" | |
Sagittarius | The Archer (Centaur) | ♐︎ | November 22 – December 21 | 240° to 270° | 9 | Positive | Mutable | Fire | Jupiter | Τοξότης (Toxotēs) | Dhanuṣa (धनुष) | MULPA.BIL.SAG, Nedu "soldier" | ||
Capricorn | The Goat | () | ♑︎ | December 22 – January 19 | 270° to 300° | 10 | Negative | Cardinal | Earth | Saturn | Αἰγόκερως (Aigokerōs) | Makara (मकर) | MULSUḪUR.MAŠ "Goat-Fish" of Enki | |
Aquarius | The Water-bearer | ♒︎ | January 20 – February 18 | 300° to 330° | 11 | Positive | Fixed | Air | Uranus | Saturn | Ὑδροχόος (Hydrokhoos) | Kumbha (कुंभ) | MULGU.LA "Great One", later qâ "pitcher" | |
Pisces | The Fish | ♓︎ | February 19 – March 20 | 330° to 360° | 12 | Negative | Mutable | Water | Neptune | Jupiter | Ἰχθύες (Ikhthyes) | Mīna (मीन) | MULSIM.MAḪ "Tail of the Swallow"; DU.NU.NU "fish-cord" |
Akara zodiac maka mmadụ na adabere na ntinye nke mbara ala na nrịgo na akara ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ enweghị ihe ọ bụla etinyere n'otu akara, ihe ịrịba ama ahụ agaghị arụ ọrụ ọ bụla n'àgwà ha. N'aka nke ọzọ, onye nwere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ma anyanwụ na ọnwa na Cancer, ga egosipụta nke ọma njirimara nke akara ahụ na nhazi ha.
Akwụkwọ akụkọ na ebipụtakarị kọlụm ịgụ kpakpando bụ́ ndị na ekwu na ọ na enye nduzi banyere ihe pụrụ ime n’otu ụbọchị n’ihe metụtara akara zodiac nke gụnyere anyanwụ mgbe a mụrụ onye ahụ. Ndị na agụ kpakpando na ezo aka na nke a dị ka “akara anyanwụ” mana a na akpọkarị ya “akara kpakpando”. Amụma ndị a edoghị anya ma ọ bụ n'ozuzu; nke mere na ọbụna ndị na agụ kpakpando na ewere ha dị ka ndị na abaghị uru n'onwe ha. Nlele egosiwo na mgbe e gosiri ndị mmadụ horoscope akwụkwọ akụkọ maka akara nke aka ha yana horoscope akwụkwọ akụkọ maka akara dị iche, ha na ekpebi na ha ziri ezi na nkezi. Emeela ule ndị ọzọ na horoscope zuru oke nke ahaziri ahazi nke ndị ọkachamara na agụ kpakpando tụbara, ha egosighikwa njikọ dị n'etiti nsonaazụ horoscope na onye a tụbara ya.
Na ịgụ kpakpando nke Ọdịda Anyanwụ nke oge a, mbara ala na anọchi anya draịva ma ọ bụ mkpali bụ isi na psyche mmadụ. Ụwa ndị a dị iche na nkọwa nke mbara ala na mbara igwe n'ihi na anyanwụ, ọnwa, na nso nso a, Pluto ka a na ewere dị ka mbara ala maka ebumnuche nke ịgụ kpakpando. A na ekwukwa na mbara ala ọ bụla bụ onye na achị otu akara zodiac ma ọ bụ abụọ. Ụwa atọ dị n'èzí (Uranus, Neptune, Pluto) ka ndị na agụ kpakpando ekenyela onye ọ bụla ọchịchị akara zodiac. Ọdịnala ọchịchị nke ihe ịrịba ama bụ, dị ka Ptolemy si kwuo, dabere n'ụdị oge na nha nke mbara igwe, nke e nyere ndị na enwupụta ìhè ịbụ mbara ala kachasị na egbuke egbuke ọchịchị nke ọnwa kachasị mma nke afọ na Saturn, e nyere ụwa ụwa oge oyi kachasị oyi na oge oyi. n'afọ ahụ, ya na mbara ala ndị ọzọ na achị akara ndị fọdụrụ dị ka nha nke mbara igwe. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na ọchịchị nke oge a adịghị agbaso otu echiche ahụ.
The agụ kpakpando 'planet' bụ eluigwe asaa nke oge ochie mara. Anyanwụ na ọnwa, nke a makwaara dị ka 'ọkụ', gụnyere dịka e chere na ha na eme ka mbara ala mbara igwe. Ndị na agụ kpakpando na akpọ mbara ala dị n'ime Mercury, Venus na Mars, 'planets nke onwe', dịka ha na anọchi anya draịva kacha ngwa ngwa. 'Ọkụ' ndị a na egosipụta otu isi ihe dị adị na nke nwere mmetụta dị n'otu n'otu.
Tebụl na esonụ na achikota ọchịchị nke asaa classically mara mbara ala nke ọ bụla n'ime iri na abụọ ịgụ kpakpando akara, ọnụ na mmetụta ha na ihe omume ụwa, ndị mmadụ na ụwa n'onwe ya dị ka ghọtara na Middle Ages.
Symbol | Planet | Rules the sign[2] | Effect on world events | Person's nature[3] | Effect in life[3] | Effect in earth[3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sun | Leo | Wisdom, generosity, 'sunny' disposition | Good fortune | Gold | ||
Moon | Cancer | Wandering | Travel, lunacy | Silver | ||
Mercury | Gemini and Virgo | Action | Changeability, eagerness, quickness, 'mercurial' temperament | Rapid change | Mercury (quicksilver) | |
Venus | Libra and Taurus | Fortunate events | Beauty, amorousness | Good luck | Copper[lower-alpha 4] | |
Mars | Aries, classically also Scorpio | War | Strength, endurance, 'martial' temperament | Conflicts, misfortune | Iron | |
Jupiter | Sagittarius, classically also Pisces | Good times, prosperity | Cheerful, magnanimous, 'jovial' temperament | Good fortune | Tin | |
Saturn | Capricorn, classically also Aquarius | Disastrous events | Wisdom, stability, persistence, 'saturnine' temperament | Accidents, disease, treachery, bad luck | Lead |
Ndị a bụ mbara ala ndị a chọtara n’oge a, bụ́ nke ndị na agụ kpakpando n’Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ kenyere ihe ha pụtara kemgbe.
Symbol | Planet | Representing | Rules the sign | Claimed effects on world events | Claimed effects on people |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uranus | (a) Platinum as a planetary metal; (b) monogram 'H' for planet's discoverer, William Herschel[4] | Aquarius | Innovation, technology[5] | Sudden or disruptive change | |
Neptune | Trident, weapon of sea-god Neptune[6] | Pisces |
Change of contemporary musical taste |
Confusion, sensitivity[7] | |
Pluto | (a) Pluto's bident; (b) PL monogram for astronomer Percival Lowell who predicted a planet beyond
Neptune;[8] c) Represents an upward arrow, which indicates liberation from form in Esoteric Astrology |
Scorpio |
Demolition of old, bad political systems |
Transformation,[9] fate, death |
Enwere ogige echiche abụọ n'etiti ndị na agụ kpakpando ọdịda anyanwụ banyere "mmalite", 0 degrees Aries, na zodiac. Sidereal ịgụ kpakpando na eji mmalite mmalite na ndabere nke kpakpando, ebe okpomọkụ ịgụ kpakpando, nke ọtụtụ ndị Western na agụ kpakpando na eji, na ahọrọ dị ka mmalite ọnọdụ nke Sun megide ndabere nke kpakpando na Northern hemisphere vernal equinox (yabụ mgbe Ọnọdụ anyanwụ megide eluigwe na agafe site na mpaghara ndịda na mpaghara ugwu) kwa afọ. Nsonaazụ nke ụzọ Tropical bụ na mgbe anyị na-ekwu na Sun ma ọ bụ mbara ala nọ na akara zodiac ụfọdụ, ileba ya anya na mbara igwe ga egosi na ọ dịghị n'ime ìgwè kpakpando ahụ ma ọlị.
Ka ụwa na agbagharị na axis ya, ọ "na ama jijiji" dị ka elu, na eme ka vernal equinox jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ laghachi azụ n'azụ kpakpando, (ihe a maara dị ka Precession of the equinoxes) na ihe dị ka ogo 30 (otu Zodiacal). Ogologo akara) kwa afọ 2,160. Ya mere, zodiac abụọ ahụ ga ejikọta naanị otu ugboro kwa afọ 26,000. Ha jikọtara ọnụ n'ihe dị ka afọ 2,000 gara aga mgbe e guzobere zodiac na mbụ.
Ihe omume a na enye anyị ihe ndabere echiche maka Age of Aquarius, onye "mwute" ya dabara na mmegharị nke vernal equinox gafee cusp site na Pisces ruo Aquarius na ndabere kpakpando.
Ihe dịkwa mkpa na ịgụ kpakpando bụ ọnụ nke ọnwa. Ọnụ ọnụ bụ ebe ụzọ ọnwa gafere na eklips. North, ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ mgbago na egosi ebe ọnwa na esi na ndịda gaa n'ebe ugwu (ma ọ bụ rịgoro), ebe ndịda, ma ọ bụ na agbadata ọnụ ebe ọnwa na agafe site na North ruo South (ma ọ bụ rịdata). Ọ bụ ezie na ndị na agụ kpakpando n’Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ adịghị ewere oghere ndị dị n’ọnwa dị ka ihe dị mkpa dị ka mbara ala nke ọ bụla, a na eche na ha na aka akara ebe ndị dị nro kwesịrị iburu n’uche.
Na ịgụ kpakpando, "oke ugwu dị mkpa" bụ ike nke mbara ala ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ zodiac nke isi, nke a na ekpe ikpe naanị site na akara na akara, ihe onye na agụ kpakpando nke narị afọ nke 17 bụ William Lilly kpọrọ "ike, obi ike ma ọ bụ adịghị ike nke mbara ala. [ma ọ bụ] ihe ịrịba ama." N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, ùgwù dị mkpa na achọ ile ike nke mbara ala ma ọ bụ isi ihe anya dị ka a ga asị na ọ dịpụrụ adịpụ n'ihe ndị ọzọ dị na mbara igwe nke chaatị ọmụmụ. N'ọdịnala, enwere ugwu ise: ebe obibi na mmebi, nbuli elu na ọdịda, atọ, okwu na ihu. Agbanyeghị, nke abụọ mechara ebelatala na ojiji. Ebe obibi nke mbara ala bụ akara zodiac nke ọ na-achị.
Ịgụ kpakpando ndị dị n’Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ gbadoro ụkwụ na n’iwu nke horoscope, nke bụ map ma ọ bụ eserese nke eluigwe n’otu oge. Oge a na ahọrọ bụ mmalite nke ịdị adị nke isiokwu nke horoscope, dịka a kwenyere na isiokwu ahụ ga-eburu ya ụkpụrụ nke eluigwe site n'oge ahụ n'oge ndụ ya niile. Ụdị horoscope a na ahụkarị bụ chaatị ọmụmụ nke dabere na oge a mụrụ mmadụ; ọ bụ ezie na na tiori, horoscope nwere ike ịdọrọ maka mmalite nke ihe ọ bụla, site na ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa ruo na ntọala nke obodo mba.
N'ịgụ kpakpando nke ọdịda anyanwụ, nkọwa nke horoscope na achị:
Enwere akụkụ anọ bụ isi na horoscope (ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị na agụ kpakpando na etinyekarị cusps nke ụlọ dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa).
Ọtụtụ ndị na agụ kpakpando na ewerekarị onye na agbago dị ka akụkụ kacha mkpa na nke ahaziri ahazi na horoscope. Ọ na egosipụta mmụọ ịkpọte mmadụ, n'otu aka ahụ na mpụta anyanwụ n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ na egosi chi ọbụbọ nke ụbọchị ọhụrụ. N'ihi na onye na arịgo bụ kpọmkwem oge na ebe, ọ na egosi ọnọdụ onye ọ bụla na ọnọdụ ọnọdụ nke mmadụ na-enweta n'oge a na etolite, yana ọnọdụ nke nwata. N'ihi nke a, onye na arịgo na enwekwa nchegbu banyere otú mmadụ si mụta igosi onwe ya n'ụwa, karịsịa n'ihu ọha na n'ọnọdụ ndị na adịghị mma.
Ihe dị iche na onye na agbago n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ bụ nwa, nke na egosi otú mmadụ si emeghachi omume na mmekọrịta ya na ndị ọzọ. Ọ na egosikwa ụdị mmadụ o yikarịrị ka ọ̀ ga adọrọ mmasị anyị, na ikike anyị nwere inwe mmekọrịta ịhụnanya. N'ọtụtụ usoro ụlọ, nwa ahụ na adabere na ọnụ ụlọ nke asaa nke horoscope.
A na akpọ isi ihe na abụghị nke etiti eluigwe dị ka imum coeli. Maka ndị na agụ kpakpando, nadir ma ọ bụ IC na egosikarị ọnọdụ na mmalite na njedebe nke ndụ mmadụ, nne na nna ha na ebe obibi nne na nna, na ndụ ụlọ nke ha. Na sistemu ụlọ anọ ọ dabere na ọnụ ụlọ nke anọ nke horoscope.
Ndị na agụ kpakpando na ekesa horoscope ụzọ iri na abụọ a na akpọ ụlọ. A na akọwa ụlọ nke horoscope dị ka akụkụ 12 dị iche iche nke ndụ ma ọ bụ ọrụ. Enwere ụzọ dị iche iche nke ịgbakọ ụlọ dị na horoscope ma ọ bụ chaatị ọmụmụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị esemokwu banyere ihe ha pụtara, na ụlọ 12
Ọtụtụ ndị na agụ kpakpando n'oge a na eche na ụlọ ndị ahụ na emetụta akara ngosi ha kwekọrọ, ya bụ na ụlọ mbụ nwere ihe jikọrọ ya na akara mbụ, Aries, na ihe ndị ọzọ.
Akụkụ ndị ahụ bụ akụkụ nke mbara ala na eme ibe ha na horoscope, yana kwa na mgbago elu, etiti elu igwe, ụmụ na nadir. A na-atụ akụkụ ndị ahụ site n'ebe dị anya n'akụkụ mbara igwe n'ogo na nkeji nke ogologo mbara igwe n'etiti isi ihe abụọ, dị ka e si ele ya anya site n'ụwa. Ha na egosi isi ihe dị na horoscope ebe a na etinyekwu ike na ike ndị metụtara ya. Ka akụkụ ahụ na aga nke ọma, ka akụkụ ahụ na esiwanye ike, ọ bụ ezie na a na ahapụ ikike nke ogo ole na ole n'akụkụ akụkụ ọ bụla nke a na akpọ orb maka nkọwa. Ihe ndị a bụ akụkụ n'usoro dị mkpa:
Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọkachamara na agụ kpakpando na adabere n'ịme ule gbasara ịgụ kpakpando na ime amụma ndị dị mkpa gbasara ọdịnihu onye na akwụ ụgwọ. A mara ndị nọgidere na enwe okwukwe na ịgụ kpakpando ka ha na eme otú ahụ "n'agbanyeghị na e nweghị ihe ndabere sayensị kwadoro maka nkwenkwe ha, na n'ezie na e nwere ihe àmà siri ike na emegide ya".
Astrology egosipụtabeghị ịdị irè ya na ọmụmụ ihe na achịkwa ma ọ nweghị ikike sayensị,: 85 na dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ, a na ewere ya dị ka pseudoscience.[ala alpha 5] Ọ dịghị usoro a tụrụ aro ka ọ rụọ ọrụ nke ọnọdụ na mmegharị nke kpakpando na mbara ala nwere ike isi mee ya. na emetụta ndị mmadụ na ihe omume dị n'ụwa nke na emegideghị nke ọma, akụkụ ndị bụ isi nke bayoloji na physics.[lower alpha 6]
N'ebe ịgụ kpakpando buru amụma ndị a na aghaghị ụgha, a ghagbuwo ya. Nnwale a kacha mara amara bụ Shawn Carlson na eduzi ma gụnye kọmitii nke ndị sayensị na kọmitii nke ndị na agụ kpakpando. O dugara ná nkwubi okwu bụ́ na ịgụ kpakpando n'afọ ime adịghị mma karịa ohere.
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