| Pinyin | |
|---|---|
| Region | Northwest Region, Cameroon |
Native speakers
|
25,000 (2001)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pny
|
| Glottolog | piny1238
|
Pinyin bụ asụsụ Grassfields nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 27,000 na-asụ na Northwest Region nke Cameroon.
| Phoneme | Allophones | Gburugburu ebe obibi | Orthography |
|---|---|---|---|
| p | p | ⟨p⟩ | |
| ph | Tupu /u/ na mkpụrụedemede mepere emepe. | ||
| b | Mgbe e mesịrị. | ⟨b⟩ | |
| β | N'etiti ụdaume n'ime mgbọrọgwụ. | ||
| t | t | ⟨t⟩ | |
| k | k | Mmalite nke okwu na mgbọrọgwụ n'ime okwu, na mgbe / Ā/ gasịrị. | ⟨k⟩ |
| ʔ | Naanị C dị na njedebe nke okwu. | ⟨’⟩ | |
| kw | kw | ⟨kw⟩ | |
| l | l | Na mgbọrọgwụ. | ⟨l⟩ |
| ɾ | N'okpuru. | ⟨r⟩ | |
| d | Mgbe e mesịrị. | ⟨d⟩ | |
| ɣ | ɣ | ⟨ɡh⟩ | |
| ɡ | Mgbe e mesịrị. | ⟨ɡ⟩ | |
| ɣw | ɡw | Mgbe e mesịrị. | ⟨ɡw⟩ |
| f | f | ⟨f⟩ | |
| s | s | /ts/ mgbe /ī/ gasịrị. | ⟨s⟩ |
| ts | ts | ⟨ts⟩ | |
| z | z | ⟨z⟩ | |
| dz | Mgbe e mesịrị. | ||
| ʃ | ʃ | /tʃ/ mgbe /[[[[[[[[]]]]]]]] gasịrị. | ⟨sh⟩ |
| tʃ | tʃ | ⟨ch⟩ | |
| ʒ | ʒ | ⟨zh⟩ | |
| dʒ | Mgbe e mesịrị. | ⟨j⟩ | |
| m | m | ⟨m⟩ | |
| n | n | ⟨n⟩ | |
| ɲ | ɲ | ⟨ny⟩ | |
| ŋ | ŋ | ⟨ŋ⟩ | |
| Ihe omuma | m̩ n̩ ŋ̍ | Homorganic na-esote C. Na-ebu ụda. | ⟨m⟩, ⟨n⟩ |
| w | w | ⟨w⟩ | |
| N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-eme | N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-eme | ⟨ẅ⟩ | |
| j | j | ⟨y⟩ |
Mgbọrọgwụ niile nke aha na ngwaa na-amalite na ụdaume; ụdaume mbido bụ prefixes. Naanị /a, ɨ/ na-apụta na prefixes ma ọ bụ na mmalite nke okwu, ọ bụkwa naanị //ə// na-eme na suffixes. //ɨ, y/, y/ anaghị apụta na njedebe nke okwu.
| Phoneme | Orthography |
|---|---|
| i | i |
| na | N'anya |
| Ọ bụ | na |
| a | a |
| Ọ bụ n'afọ | o |
| u | u |
| ə | ə |
| Ọdịdị | Ọdịdị |
Udaume ogologo niile amaara nwere ike ịpụta n'etiti etiti ma ọ bụ na nsọtụ okwu, ọ nweghị nke na mbido, n'agbanyeghị ogologo /ɛ, y/ anaghị agba akaebe. A na-ede ụdaume ogologo okpukpu abụọ: aa, əə, ii, ‿ɨɨ, oo, uu. Diphthongs ie, iə, ʉə, ɨə, uə were otu ụda.
Ụda dị elu, etiti, dị ala, na-ebili, na-ada. E dere ha dị ka na IPA, ewezuga ala, nke a na-edeghị: á ā a ǎ â. Ụda dara ada bụ nke ukwuu na suffixes, na ụda ịrị elu dị ụkọ, a na-ahụ naanị na aha ole na ole dị ka tǎ 'nna'.