Selma Baccar

mmádu
ụdịekere	nwanyị
mba o sị	French protectorate of Tunisia, Tunisia
aha enyere	Salma
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya	15 Disemba 1945
Ebe ọmụmụ	Tunis
asụsụ ọ na-asụ, na-ede ma ọ bụ were na-ebinye aka	Arabic
ọrụ ọ na-arụ	onye nhazi ndu ihe nkiri, Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye nchikota ihe nkiri
Ọkwá o ji	Member of the 2011 Constituent National Assembly
onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị	Social Democratic Path, Tahya Tounes
Ihe nrite	Order of the Republic

Selma Baccar ma ọ bụ Salma Baccir (amụrụ na Disemba 15, 1945) bụ onye Tunisia na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emepụta ihe na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. A na-ewere ya dị ka nwanyị mbụ mere ihe nkiri ogologo oge na Tunis.^[1]^[2] A maara Baccar maka ịmepụta manifestos site na ihe nkiri ya, nke na-elekwasị anya na ikike ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia.^[1]

Mmalite ndụ

A mụrụ Selma Baccar na Disemba 15, 1945 na Tunis. Ezinụlọ ya kwagara Hammam-Lif mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa.^[1] Nne na nna ya zụlitere Baccar dị ka onye Alakụba, o wee soro ezinụlọ ya gaa Mecca ugboro abụọ; Otú ọ dị, Baccar na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka onye agnostic.^[1] Ọ malitere ịmụ nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ na 1966 ruo 1968 na Lausanne, Switzerland. Ọ kwagara ebe ọzọ mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị iji mụọ ihe nkiri na Paris na Institut Francais de Cinema .^[3] Ọ ghọrọ onye otu Tunisian Federation of Amateur Filmmakers, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka onye nduzi maka usoro telivishọn Tunisian.^[3]^[1]

Ọrụ

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu, Baccar malitere imepụta ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na 1966, ya na ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ na klọb ihe nkiri Hammam-Lif.^[1] Ihe nkiri ya na-elekwasị anya na nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị na ikike na Tunisia. Ihe nkiri mkpirikpi mbụ ya, nke e mere na 1966, bụ ihe nkiri ojii na ọcha a na-akpọ L'Eveil, nke na-ekwu maka nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia. L'Eveil mechara nweta otuto. Baccar duziri ihe nkiri mbụ ya zuru oke na 1975 nke akpọrọ Fatma 75, a na-ewere ihe nkiri a dị ka "ihe nkiri ọsụ ụzọ" na Tunisia.^[4] Nke a bụ ihe nkiri mbụ zuru oke nke nwanyị duziri. Fatma 75, "ihe nkiri edemede ụmụ nwanyị banyere ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia".^[5] Ihe nkiri ahụ na-eji nkuzi nke na-ekwu maka ụmụ nwanyị na Tunisia.^[1] A machibidoro ihe nkiri ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ, n'ihi nsogbu nnyocha n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri, site na Ministri ozi nke Tunisia, ọ nweghịkwa ike ile ya anya na ụlọ ihe nkiri azụmahịa.^[3] Ihe nkiri ya nke abụọ zuru oke, Habiba Mīsika (1994), bụ ihe nkiri nke onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-agba egwu na Tunisia, Marguerite Habiba Msika.^[3] Flowers of Oblivion kọrọ akụkọ banyere Zakia, onye opium riri ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị isi mgbaka na Vichy-achị Tunisia na 1940s.^[2] Onye nduzi ahụ nwere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta nke ya n'okpuru Intermedia Productions n'akụkụ ndị nduzi nwanyị ndị ọzọ a ma ama, iji mee ihe nkiri na mgbasa ozi.^[3] Baccar emepụtawokwa ọtụtụ ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi.^[6]

Mgbalị Baccar na-eme maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị Tunisia dugara ya n'ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị; ebe ọ ghọrọ onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Al Massar.^[7] N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011, a họpụtara Baccar dị ka onye otu na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu^[8]. N'afọ 2014, Baccar ghọrọ onye isi oche nke otu ndị omeiwu nke Democrats na Tunisia. Baccar bụ osote onye isi oche nke otu Democratic, ọ ghọrọ "nwaanyị mbụ na naanị nwanyị na-eduzi otu ndị omeiwu".^[7]

Ihe nkiri

Ihe nkiri ndị a na-egosi

1976: Fatma 75
1994: Habiba Sinika/Agba Egwú Ọkụ/Agba Agha Ọkụ
2006: Knochkhach/Flowers of Forgetfulness/The Flower of Forget
2017: El Jaida^[9]

Ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ

1966: L'Eveil (onye nduzi) (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi)
1985: De la toison au fil d'or/The Golden Fleece (director) (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi)
1989: Moon Child (Producer) (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi)^[9]
2010: Baydha (Tabou) (Onye na-emepụta)
2016: Peluche (Onye na-emepụta)

Usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn

1996: Ihe Nzuzo nke Ọrụ
1997 : Ụmụ nwanyị na ncheta anyị
2002 : Farhat Lamor (Obi ụtọ nke ndụ)
2005 : Chara Al Hobb
2006 : Nwassi w Ateb
2006 : Assaar âailya
2007 : Chaâbane fi Ramadhane
2007 : Kamanjet Sallema
2007 : Layali el tit

Onyinye

N'afọ 1968, L'Eveil, nwetara onyinye na mmemme ihe nkiri Kelibia na Sfax.^[3]
N'afọ 1979, Fatma 75, meriri ihe nrite ọla edo na Mannhiem Film Festival.^[3]

Nsọpụrụ

2014 : Knight nke National Order of Merit nke Tunisia
2015 : Onye isi nke Order of the Republic of Tunisia

Ebensidee

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Stefanie van de Peer, 'An encounter with the doyenne of Tunisian film, Selma Baccar', The Journal of North African Studies, Vol. 16. No. 3, September 2011, pp.471-82. DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2010.527122
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Florence Martin (2011). "Selma Baccar's Transvergent Spectatorship: Flower of Oblivion (Tunisia, 2006)", Screens and Veils: Maghrebi Women's Cinema. Indiana University Press, 183–209. ISBN 978-0-253-00565-6. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Martin2011" defined multiple times with different content
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 Rebecca Hillauer (2005). Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers. American Univ in Cairo Press, 375–. ISBN 978-977-424-943-3. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Hillauer2005" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Peer (2012-10-01). "A transnational feminist rereading of post-Third Cinema theory: The case of Maghreb documentary" (in en). Journal of African Cinemas 4 (2): 175–189. DOI:10.1386/jac.4.2.175_1. ISSN 1754-9221.
↑ Stefanie Van de Peer (2017). "Chapter 3. Selma Baccar: Non-fiction in Tunisisa, the land of fictions", Negotiating Dissidence: The Pioneering Women of Arab Documentary. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-2338-0.
↑ "Selma Baccar: "La cultura es el arma más poderosa contra el terrorismo y el integrismo"", 20 Minutos, October 23, 2018.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Tunisie – ANC : Salma Baccar nouvelle présidente du bloc démocratique (fr-FR). www.tunisienumerique.com. Retrieved on 2018-10-19.
↑ Lilia Labidi (2016). "Political, aesthetic, and ethical positions of Tunisian women artists, 2011-2013", in Andrea Khalil: Gender, Women and the Arab Spring. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-59916-6.
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Selma Baccar. IMDb. Retrieved on 2018-10-19. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content

[VanDePeer-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Stefanie van de Peer, 'An encounter with the doyenne of Tunisian film, Selma Baccar', The Journal of North African Studies, Vol. 16. No. 3, September 2011, pp.471-82. DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2010.527122

[Martin2011-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Florence Martin (2011). "Selma Baccar's Transvergent Spectatorship: Flower of Oblivion (Tunisia, 2006)", Screens and Veils: Maghrebi Women's Cinema. Indiana University Press, 183–209. ISBN 978-0-253-00565-6. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Martin2011" defined multiple times with different content

[Hillauer2005-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 Rebecca Hillauer (2005). Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers. American Univ in Cairo Press, 375–. ISBN 978-977-424-943-3. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Hillauer2005" defined multiple times with different content

[4] Peer (2012-10-01). "A transnational feminist rereading of post-Third Cinema theory: The case of Maghreb documentary" (in en). Journal of African Cinemas 4 (2): 175–189. DOI:10.1386/jac.4.2.175_1. ISSN 1754-9221.

[Peer2017-5] Stefanie Van de Peer (2017). "Chapter 3. Selma Baccar: Non-fiction in Tunisisa, the land of fictions", Negotiating Dissidence: The Pioneering Women of Arab Documentary. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-2338-0.

[6] "Selma Baccar: "La cultura es el arma más poderosa contra el terrorismo y el integrismo"", 20 Minutos, October 23, 2018.

[:0-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Tunisie – ANC : Salma Baccar nouvelle présidente du bloc démocratique (fr-FR). www.tunisienumerique.com. Retrieved on 2018-10-19.

[Khalil2016-8] Lilia Labidi (2016). "Political, aesthetic, and ethical positions of Tunisian women artists, 2011-2013", in Andrea Khalil: Gender, Women and the Arab Spring. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-59916-6.

[:1-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Selma Baccar. IMDb. Retrieved on 2018-10-19. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content

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