Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa

 

Credo mutwa.

[1] Vusamazulu / Mutwa / ˈk eɪd oʊ ˈmʊt wə / (21 Julaị 1921 – 25 Maachị 2020) bụ Zulu sangoma (ọgwụ ọdịnala) sitere na South Africa .  A mara ya dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ nke na- , , Mer , omenala Zulu, nhụta ndị ọzọ na nhụta nke onwe ya.  Ụbọchị ikpeazụ ya bụ akwụkwọ ozi ihe osise a na-akpọ Tree of Life Trilogy dabere na ihe odide ya nke akwụkwọ a ma ama, Indaba My Children .  [1] N'afọ 2018, e nyere ya ihe nrite USIBA nke South Africa Department of Arts and Culture nyere ya, maka ọrụ ya na Amamihe obodo.

Credo bụ onye sanusi (nsụpe a na-asụkarị isanuse ) nke bụ ụdị onye na-agba afa ma ọ bụ sangoma Zulu. Okwu a sitere n'oge akụkọ ihe mere eme karịa, a naghịkwa eji ya eme ihe taa, ọbụlagodi n'ọnọdụ ọdịnala. [2] [3]

[4] Credo bi na isiokwu ya Virginia na Kuruman, ebe ha na-agba ọsọ ụlọ ọgwụ.

Ndụ mbido

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Nna ya bụ onye di ya nwụrụ nke nwe ụmụ atọ dị ndụ mgbe ọ zutere nne ya.  Nna ya bụ onye na-ewu ụlọ na Onye mkpuchi na nne ya bụ nwa anụ Zulu.  N'ịbụ ndị e jidere n'etiti ndị ozi ala ụrọ n'otu aka, na onye isi ike Zulu dike, nna nne Credo Mutwa, nne na nna ya nhọrọ nhọrọ ọ gbakwunye ma ọ bụghị ikewapụ.  A egwuregwu Credo n'alụmdi na-egosi, nke ihe nnukwu asịrị na obodo na nne ya ịchụpụrụ nna ya.  Mgbe e hụ, otu n'ime agba ya ndị nwoke kaara ya. [5]

E logo, nwanne nna ya agware ya ma kpọga ya na South Coast nke Natal (nke dị ugbu a KwaZulu-Natal ), nke dịdebere ugwu nke si Mkomazi .  Ọ gaghị akwụkwọ ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na anọ.  N'afọ 1935, nna ya mmekọrịta ọrụ ụlọ na mpaghara Transvaal ochie na akara dum kwagara ebe ọ na-ewu ụlọ.

Mgbe ọ dara ọrịa siri ike, nwanne nna ya kpọ ndabere ya KwaZulu-Natal.  N'ebe ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ dara, nna nna ya, bụ́ nwoke nna ya ledara anya dị ka onye ụbọ akwara na onye na-efefe ngwaahịa, MRI ya aka azụ.  N'oge a, Credo gbochiri ọtụtụ ihe gbasara ndị ya ndị ozi ala ọzọ ga-eme ka ha kwere.  " ካስ bụ ndị Africa n'ezie ree nke oge ochie ndị na-ahụ ihe ngosi ma ọlị tupu ndị ọcha n'anya Africa?"  ọ Robert onwe ya.  Nna nna ya kụnyere n'ime ya ndụ na ọrịa ya bụ oku dị nsso na ọ ga-aghọ sangoma, onye na- ọrịa.  Ọ gara thwasa (ọzụzụ sangoma na-enye) ya na nna nna ya na nwanne nne nne ya, otu sangoma na-eto eto aha ya bụ Mynah. [6]

Obodo omenala Kwa-Khaya Lendaba

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Ozi ụzọ e ji ihe osise kpụrụ akpụ nke Eze Ngungunyane nwere n'aka ekpe yana Eze Shaka n'aka nri.  mkpaka nke obodo Kwa-Khaya Lendaba Cultural na Soweto

[7]N'afọ 1974, Credo matsayin otu ala n'ubi Oppenheimer na Soweto iji jide obodo omenala Africa iji ihe nketa omenala na nkuzi nke ya.  [1] O kere ebe obibi ọdịnala na- ngo anya ụlọ ụlọ sitere n'ofe Africa, ebe ndị mmadụ na ndị na-eme ifo wetara ndụ omenala, akwụkwọ na omenala Africa dị ka apụta site n'ọhụụ nka ya.  [2] N'oge ahụ, ka ndị obodo ahụ na-elu na Iso Ụzọ akwụkwọ, ha na-enyo obodo nta ahụ enyo.

[8]Credo, nnukwu na nnukwu ọgbaghara na Johannesburg na mgbasa ozi nke Kọmunist na mgba ndị ojiitara ndị Africa eme na omenala omenala ha.  N'amara ka ọtụtụ ndị eji ụkwụ, ọ na-ede nkewa n'etiti ndị ọcha na ndị ojii iji omenala na ụzọ ndụ dị iche iche.  [1] Na 1976, ụmụ akwụkwọ gbara obere obodo ọkụ ọkụ mgbe e kwuchara ya na redio Afrịkaans, ka ha mmepụta obodo ahụ na- , na Sign dị iche iche.  [1] [2] Akpọkwara nke obodo ahụ ọkụ ọzọ n'etiti 1980s n'oge iku megide kansụl obodo West Rand.

Ihe osise nke King Khandakhulu na-e mgbaàmà ọrịa ya na chi ya na-ebute site ná mmekọahụ

N'ịgbaso ogbugbu nke nwa ya nwoke nke ndị agha ndị ike ike "ndị na-eme ihe" na ọkụ nke abụọ nke obodo ya, Credo si na Soweto mere ma ụmụaka obodo njem omenala na Lotlamoreng, Mahikeng, (nke a mara n  'oge ahụ dị ka Bophuthatswana ).  N'ebe a, ọ na-ahụ maka iwu nke obere obodo ndị omenala, nke ọ lla na-agbanwe anya omenala nke ndị isi South Africa .[9] [10] [11]

Obodo omenala Kwa-Khaya Lendaba dị na Soweto ka na-arụzigharị ugbu a ma ọ ka na-emeghe ọha na eze n'efu. Ntuziaka njem dị n'aka onye nlekọta obodo. [12]

Ihe oyiyi amụma

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[8]Ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ọrụ ndị dị na Kwa-Khaya Lendaba, ndị agha ndị Africa ha alụchite anya, e kwuru na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ papa.  Nke eje, bụ nke ibu ozi nke onye HIV/AIDS na South Africa.  A ịrịba nke a n'ụdịkpụ akpụkpọ ifo ya nke Eze Khandakhulu, onye nwere nri 200. Ọ pụghị imeju nile n'ụzọ iwu, n'ihi ya, ha esemokwu wee na-eju onwe ha apụ n'ebe ọzọ, nke mere  ka ha nile bute ọrịa ndị a na- ekirita dina site ná mmekọahụ .  Ọnya ahụ dị naamụ Eze Khandakhulu yiri rịbọn AIDS .  E kere ihe oyiyi ndị a na 1979, afã atọ tupu ndị na-eme nchọpụta mkpọsa elele nje na- achọta mmadụ.  [1] Ndị na-enwe nke ndị ozi ndị ọzọ ndị na-abụ ndị nke ụtụtụ Azụmahịa azụmahịa na-eji September 11, ogbugbu Chris Hani, na pụpụ onye isi ala Thabo Mbeki, na ndị ọzọ. [13]

Echiche maka HIV/AIDS

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Mutwa bụ onye na-arụsi ike ọrụ na onye na-akwado olu n'iji ọgwụ ọdịnala Africa eme ihe maka HIV / AIDS, ọrịa kansa na ụkwara nta .  [1] O kere obi chukwu Vulinda Trust na 1999 iji ihu ihe ngosi na-ama ojiji ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị a.  Isi ihe nsogbu ya lekwasịrị anya bụ na osisi South Africa a na-akpọ unwele na Zulu ( Sutherlandia frutescens ).  A na-eji Unwele eme ihe n'ọdịnala dị ka ihe na-eme ka ahụ dị mma, makwala ọrụ kwuru ọrịa kansa site na igbu vitro .  [2] [3] nke irẹ Sutherlandia frutescens na malitere HIV / AIDS na-aga n'ihu na a na-eme ule nke IIb na South African Herbal Science and Medicine Institute (SAHSMI). [14] [15]

"Reptilian agenda"

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David Icke onwe ya na tiori Mutwa nke "atumatu reptilian" - ya bụ na "agbụrụ na-akpụ akpụ" nke n'ụwa ma ọ bụghị nke mba ọzọ, na-achịkwa ụwa ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ".  ụwa ha na vidiyo na N'ajụjụ ọnụ Icke [16] [17] [18] [19]

Nkwado maka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ

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Edekọkwara Mutwa dị ka o kwuru okwu na-akwado apartheid .  [1] Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ya - My People: The Incredible Writings of a Zulu witch-doctor  - nwere okwu ndị dị otú ahụ, na-ezo aka na omume n'etiti ndị Zulu nke, n'anya ya, ọrụ mme ụlọ.  usoro ahụ.

Akwụkwọ akụkọ

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  • Indaba, Ụmụ m (1964). ISBN 0-8021-3604-4, mbipụta America nke mbụ ( Maachị 1999 )
  • Zulu Shaman: Nrọ, amụma, na ihe omimi . ISBN 0-89281-129-3, mbipụta nke abụọ (Ọktoba 10, 2003)
  • Abụ nke Kpakpando . ISBN 1-886449-01-5, mbipụta nke mbụ ( Mee 2000 )
  • Africa Bụ Onyeàmà M, Johannesburg: Akwụkwọ Blue Crane, 1966. ISBN amaghi
  • Agenda Reptilian na David Icke na Credo Mutwa - usoro zuru ezu.
  • Ndị M, Akwụkwọ nke Zulu Witch-Doctor (Akwụkwọ Penguin, 1977) [1] 
  • Ka Mba M ghara ịnwụ onye nkwusa: United Publishers International (1986) Asụsụ: Bekee 
  1. ↑ Creatives honoured at inaugural USIBA awards | The Star (en). Independent Online. Retrieved on 2019-06-19.
  2. ↑ Who's who Southern Africa - Credo Mutwa. Archived from the original on 25 March 2020. Retrieved on 5 September 2014.
  3. ↑ Flint (2008). Healing Traditions: African Medicine, Cultural Exchange, and Competition in South Africa, 1820-1948. Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780821418499. Retrieved on 6 September 2014. 
  4. ↑ Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa. South African History Online. Retrieved on 5 September 2014.
  5. ↑ Credo Mutwa biography.
  6. ↑ Mutwa (1996). Zulu Shaman. Destiny Books. ISBN 0-89281-129-3. 
  7. ↑ The rich heritage of Credo Mutwa. News24 (2012-07-20). Retrieved on 2019-06-19.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 The rich heritage of Credo Mutwa. City Press (20 July 2012). Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved on 5 September 2014.
  9. ↑ Stier (2006). Religion, Violence, Memory, and Place. Indiana University Press, 186–187. ISBN 0253347998. Retrieved on 6 September 2014. 
  10. ↑ Credo Mutwa. Inspirational Black Literature. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
  11. ↑ Mahikeng - North West Province. Tourism North West Province. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
  12. ↑ Credo Mutwa Cultural Village. South African Tourism. Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
  13. ↑ Mbeki's Darkest Hour: sangoma predicted his ouster in 1999. New Zimbabwe.com (13 November 2009). Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved on 6 September 2014.
  14. ↑ Johnson (27 April 2007). "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Lessertia frutescens in Healthy Adults". PLOS Clinical Trials 2 (4). DOI:10.1371/journal.pctr.0020016. PMID 17476314. 
  15. ↑ Sutherlandia plant begins HIV drug safety trials. SciDev Net (10 February 2011). Retrieved on 3 September 2014.
  16. ↑ David Icke interview – Reptilian Agenda. Archived from the original on 2019-05-06. Retrieved on 2024-05-23.
  17. ↑ Credo Mutwa & David Icke - The Reptilian Agenda
  18. ↑ Credo Mutwa on Alien Abduction an Reptiles
  19. ↑ David Chidester, "Credo Mutwa, Zulu Shaman: The Invention and Appropriation of Indigenous Authenticity in African Folk Religion", Journal for the Study of Religion, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2002), pp. 65–85.