^Jager, Tibor; Schinzel, Sebastian; Somorovsky, Juraj (2012), “Bleichenbacher's Attack Strikes again: Breaking PKCS#1 v1.5 in XML Encryption” (英語), Computer Security – ESORICS 2012 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg): 752–769, doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33167-1_43, ISBN9783642331664, "Beyond XML Encryption, the recent JSON Web Encryption (JWE) specification prescribes PKCS#1 v1.5 as a mandatory cipher. This specification is under development and at the time of writing there existed only one implementation following this specification. We verified that this implementation was vulnerable to two versions of the Bleichenbacher’s attack: the direct attack based on error messages and the timing-based attack."