チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ

チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ
識別子
略号 TH
Entrez英語版 7054
HUGO 11782
OMIM 191290
RefSeq NP_000351
UniProt P07101
他のデータ
EC番号
(KEGG)
1.14.16.2
遺伝子座 Chr. 11 2.14-2.15
テンプレートを表示

チロシンヒドロキシラーゼ(Tyrosine hydroxylase、EC 1.14.16.2)、チロシン 3-モノオキシゲナーゼ(tyrosine 3-monooxygenase)は、チロシンジヒドロキシフェニルアラニン(DOPA)に変換する酵素である。DOPAはノルアドレナリンアドレナリンの前駆体であるドーパミンの前駆体である。

この酸素添加酵素カテコールアミンを含むすべての細胞細胞質基質で見られる。この最初の反応はカテコールアミン合成において律速段階である。

この酵素は特殊で、インドール誘導体は受け入れない。カテコールアミンの合成に関わる他の多くの酵素も同様である。

臨床での重要性

[編集]

チロシンヒドロキシラーゼはα-メチルチロシン(メチロシン)によって抑制することができるが、それはノルアドレナリン合成の調節の効果的手段にはならない。この薬品は稀にしか使われないが、褐色細胞腫高血圧の治療には有用である。

出典

[編集]
  • Pharmacology 5th Ed, by Rang, Dale Ritter and Moore
  • Hedstrand H, Ekwall O, Haavik J, et al (January 2000). “Identification of tyrosine hydroxylase as an autoantigen in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 267 (1): 456–61. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1945. PMID 10623641. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006-291X(99)91945-9. 

参考文献

[編集]
  • Masserano JM, Weiner N (1983). “Tyrosine hydroxylase regulation in the central nervous system.”. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 53-54 (1-2): 129–52. PMID 6137760. 
  • Meloni R, Biguet NF, Mallet J (2002). “Post-genomic era and gene discovery for psychiatric diseases: there is a new art of the trade? The example of the HUMTH01 microsatellite in the Tyrosine Hydroxylase gene.”. Mol. Neurobiol. 26 (2-3): 389–403. PMID 12428766. 
  • Joh TH, Park DH, Reis DJ (1979). “Direct phosphorylation of brain tyrosine hydroxylase by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase: mechanism of enzyme activation.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75 (10): 4744–8. PMID 33381. 
  • Haycock JW, Ahn NG, Cobb MH, Krebs EG (1992). “ERK1 and ERK2, two microtubule-associated protein 2 kinases, mediate the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase at serine-31 in situ.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (6): 2365–9. PMID 1347949. 
  • Haycock JW (1990). “Phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase in situ at serine 8, 19, 31, and 40.”. J. Biol. Chem. 265 (20): 11682–91. PMID 1973163. 
  • Craig SP, Buckle VJ, Lamouroux A, et al. (1986). “Localization of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene to 11p15: gene duplication and evolution of metabolic pathways.”. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 42 (1-2): 29–32. PMID 2872999. 
  • Grima B, Lamouroux A, Boni C, et al. (1987). “A single human gene encoding multiple tyrosine hydroxylases with different predicted functional characteristics.”. Nature 326 (6114): 707–11. doi:10.1038/326707a0. PMID 2882428. 
  • Kaneda N, Kobayashi K, Ichinose H, et al. (1987). “Isolation of a novel cDNA clone for human tyrosine hydroxylase: alternative RNA splicing produces four kinds of mRNA from a single gene.”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 146 (3): 971–5. PMID 2887169. 
  • Kobayashi K, Kaneda N, Ichinose H, et al. (1987). “Isolation of a full-length cDNA clone encoding human tyrosine hydroxylase type 3.”. Nucleic Acids Res. 15 (16): 6733. PMID 2888085. 
  • O'Malley KL, Anhalt MJ, Martin BM, et al. (1988). “Isolation and characterization of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: identification of 5' alternative splice sites responsible for multiple mRNAs.”. Biochemistry 26 (22): 6910–4. PMID 2892528. 
  • Le Bourdellès B, Boularand S, Boni C, et al. (1988). “Analysis of the 5' region of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: combinatorial patterns of exon splicing generate multiple regulated tyrosine hydroxylase isoforms.”. J. Neurochem. 50 (3): 988–91. PMID 2892893. 
  • Ginns EI, Rehavi M, Martin BM, et al. (1988). “Expression of human tyrosine hydroxylase cDNA in invertebrate cells using a baculovirus vector.”. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (15): 7406–10. PMID 2896667. 
  • Kobayashi K, Kaneda N, Ichinose H, et al. (1988). “Structure of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: alternative splicing from a single gene accounts for generation of four mRNA types.”. J. Biochem. 103 (6): 907–12. PMID 2902075. 
  • Coker GT, Vinnedge L, O'Malley KL (1989). “Characterization of rat and human tyrosine hydroxylase genes: functional expression of both promoters in neuronal and non-neuronal cell types.”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 157 (3): 1341–7. PMID 2905129. 
  • Vulliet PR, Woodgett JR, Cohen P (1984). “Phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase by calmodulin-dependent multiprotein kinase.”. J. Biol. Chem. 259 (22): 13680–3. PMID 6150037. 
  • Zhou QY, Quaife CJ, Palmiter RD (1995). “Targeted disruption of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene reveals that catecholamines are required for mouse fetal development.”. Nature 374 (6523): 640–3. doi:10.1038/374640a0. PMID 7715703. 
  • Lüdecke B, Bartholomé K (1995). “Frequent sequence variant in the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene.”. Hum. Genet. 95 (6): 716. PMID 7789962. 
  • Lüdecke B, Dworniczak B, Bartholomé K (1995). “A point mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene associated with Segawa's syndrome.”. Hum. Genet. 95 (1): 123–5. PMID 7814018. 
  • Knappskog PM, Flatmark T, Mallet J, et al. (1996). “Recessively inherited L-DOPA-responsive dystonia caused by a point mutation (Q381K) in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene.”. Hum. Mol. Genet. 4 (7): 1209–12. PMID 8528210. 


関連項目

[編集]

外部リンク

[編集]