モルキンスキンナ

『モルキンスキンナ』写本の一葉。

『モルキンスキンナ』（古ノルド語: Morkinskinna）とは、古ノルド語で書かれた王のサガである。およそ1025年から1157年までのノルウェーの王たちの歴史が綴られている。このサガは1220年ごろにアイスランドで書かれ、1275年ごろに作成された写本が現存している。

「モルキンスキンナ」という書名は「腐った羊皮紙」を意味し、元々は先述した写本自体の名前であった。この写本は一般に GKS 1009 fol[1] という写本記号で表され、現在はコペンハーゲンのデンマーク王立図書館に所蔵されている[2]。1662年に Þormóður Torfason (Tormod Torfæus) によってアイスランドからデンマークに持ち込まれた。

英語訳は Theodore M. Andersson と Kari Ellen Gade によるものが2000年に刊行された。原文の校訂版であるアイスランド古典叢書版は2011年に刊行された。

内容

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サガは1025-1026年から始まっている。シグル2世の死（1155年）に関する記述ののち、1157年の段階で唐突に終わっている。元々はもっと長く、1177年まで記述されていたであろうと考えられている。なぜならば『モルキンスキンナ』を出典とした『ファグルスキンナ』および『ヘイムスクリングラ』における記述がその年で終わっているからである。サガ（歴史書）としての内容以外にも、本文中にはスカルド詩からの引用がふんだんに組み入れられており（約270スタンザ）[3]、サットルと呼ばれるアイスランドの小話も多数含まれている[4]

以降で、『モルキンスキンナ』中の章を概観する。これらの章（全100章）を、各ノルウェー王の在位期間で年代順に切り分けた[5]。

マグヌス1世 (r. 1035-1047)

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1. Here begins the saga of Magnús and Haraldr [his uncle]
2. Concerning Sveinn
3. Concerning King Magnús's feasts
4. Concerning King Magnús
5. Concerning the declaration of war against Magnús and concerning the Duke
6. King Magnús in Jutland
7. King Magnús's stay in Jutland
8. How King Haraldr set sail when he came to Skáney
9. Concerning Haraldr's travels
10. Concerning Norðbrikt [=Haraldr]'s travels
11. Concerning a declaration of war
12. Concerning the raids of Norðbrikt and jarl Gyrgir
13. Haraldr's journey to Jerusalem
14. Concerning King Magnús's meeting with Haraldr
15. The slandering of Þorkell
16. Concerning King Magnús
17. How King Magnús bestowed a jarldom on Ormr
18. On the dispute between the kings
19. Concerning the kings
20. Concerning Þorsteinn Hallsson
21. Concerning the kings
22. The good counsels of King Haraldr
23. Concerning King Magnús and Margét
24. Hreiðars þáttr ["The tale of Hreiðarr"]
25. How the kings harried and how the king's mother granted a captive his life
26. King Magnús dies [1047]
27. Haraldr's thingmeeting
28. King Magnús's funeral voyage

ハーラル3世 (r. 1047-1066)

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29. Haraldr's thingmeeting
30. Halldórs þáttr Snorrasonar
31. [On King Haraldr's campaign in Denmark]
32. Concerning King Haraldr
33. Concerning the disagreement between the king and Einarr Þambarskelfir
34. Concerning an Icelander
35. Concerning King Haraldr's wise counsels
36. How Auðunn from the Westfjords brought King Sveinn a bear [Auðunar þáttr vestfirzka]
37. Concerning King Haraldr and the Upplanders
38. Concerning King Haraldr and Brandr örvi (the Open-Handed)
39. Concerning King Haraldr
40. Concerning the storytelling of an Icelander [Íslendings þáttr sögufróða]
41. Concerning Þorvarðr krákunel's gift of a sail to King Haraldr
42. Concerning King Haraldr and Hákon
43. Sneglu-Halla þáttr.
44. [The king encounters a man in a boat]
45. [Concerning King Haraldr and a dear friend of Tryggvi Óláfsson]
46. [Concerning Gizurr Ísleifsson]
47. Concerning Stúfr enn blindi
48. Concerning Oddr Ófeigsson
49. How it came about that King Haraldr journeyed to the West
50. The treachery against King Haraldr
51. Óláfr Haraldsson's return to Norway
52. The death of King Harold Godwinson [1066]

オーラヴ3世 (r. 1067-1093)

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53. The saga of King Óláfr kyrri "the Quiet"
54. Concerning King Óláfr and the Kráku-karl (Crow Man)

マグヌス3世 (r. 1093-1103)

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55. The Saga of King Magnús berfœttr
56. Concerning King Magnús and Sveinki Steinarsson
57. Concerning King Magnús's harrying
58. Concerning King Magnús
59. Concerning King Magnús's death

シグル1世、オーラヴ、エイステイン1世 (r. 1103-1130)

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60. The beginning of the rule of King Magnús's sons
61. The story of King Sigurðr's adventures
62. Concerning the gifts of Emperor Kirjalax (Alexius I Konnenos)
63. Concerning King Sigurðr's feast
64. Concerning King Eysteinn
65. Concerning King Eysteinn and Ívarr
66. Concerning the king's genealogies
67. Concerning King Sigurðr's dream
68. The dealings of King Eysteinn and Ingimarr with Ásu-Þorðr
69. The death of King Óláfr Magnússon [1115]
70. An account of legal dealings between King Sigurðr and King Eysteinn (Þinga saga)
71. The contest of the kings
72. Concerning Þórarinn stuttfeldr
73. Concerning the death of King Eysteinn [1123]
74. Concerning King Sigurðr and Óttarr
75. Concerning King Sigurðr and Erlendr
76. Concerning Haraldr gilli
77. Concerning King Sigurðr and Áslák hani (Rooster)
78. Concerning King Sigurðr
79. Concerning the bet between Magnús and Haraldr
80. Concerning King Sigurðr and Bishop Magni
81. The Death of King Sigurðr [1130]

ハーラル4世 (r. 1130-6)、マグヌス4世 (r. 1130-5, 1137-9)

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82. Concerning Haraldr and Magnús
83. The gifts of King Haraldr to Bishop Magnús
84. The story of Sigurðr slembidjákn
85. Concerning Sigurðr slembir
86. The slaying of King Haraldr [by Sigurðr slembidjákn in 1136]
87. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir

シグル2世 (1136-1155)

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88. Concerning King Haraldr's sons
89. Concerning Sigurðr
90. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir
91. King Ingi's letter
92. Concerning Sigurðr slembir
93. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir
94. The slaying of Óttarr birtingr
95. [no title]
96. Concerning King Sigurðr
97. Concerning King Eysteinn
98. The slaying of Geirsteinn
99. [no title]
100. Concerning the death of King Sigurðr [1155]

脚注

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  1. ^ GKS は Den gamle kongelige Samling の略。
  2. ^ http://www.kb.dk/kultur/expo/klenod/mork.htm
  3. ^ これらのテキストについては「Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages」を参照。
  4. ^ 『モルキンスキンナ』中におけるサットルの機能については Ármann Jakobsson『The Amplified Saga』を参照。
  5. ^ 以降に並べる章題は、Andersson と Gade による英訳（2000年）に従った。

一次資料

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関連文献

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  • Ármann Jakobsson, "Den kluntede afskriver: Finnur Jónsson og Morkinskinna." Opuscula 11 (2003): 289–306.
  • Ármann Jakobsson, Staður í nýjum heimi. Konungasagan Morkinskinna. Reykjavík: Háskólaútgáfan, 2002.
  • Ármann Jakobsson, "The Amplified Saga: Structural Disunity in Morkinskinna." Medium Ævum 70.1 (2001): 29-46.
  • Ármann Jakobsson, "The Individual and the Ideal: The Representation of Royalty in Morkinskinna." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 99.1 (2000): 71-86.
  • Ármann Jakobsson, "Rundt om kongen. En genvurdering af Morkinskinna." Maal og Minne 1 (1999): 71-90. Available online.
  • Ármann Jakobsson, "King and Subject in Morkinskinna." Skandinavistik 28 (1998): 101-117.
  • Indrebø, Gustav, "Harald haardraade in Morkinskinna." In Festskrift til Finnur Jónsson, ed. Johs. Brøndum-Nielsen et al. Copenhagen: Levin & Munksgaard, 192. 173-80.
  • Kalinke, Marianne, "Sigurðar saga jórsalafara: The Fictionalization of Fact in Morkinskinna." Scandinavian Studies 56.2 (1984): 152-67.
  • Morcom, Thomas. "Inclusive Masculinity in Morkinskinna and the Defusal of Kingly Aggression". Masculinities in Old Norse Literature, edited by Gareth Lloyd Evans and Jessica Clare Hancock. Boydell and Brewer, 2020, pp. 127-146.
  • Morcom, Thomas. ‘None so Blind as those that will not See: Blindness, Wisdom, and Incomprehension in Morkinskinna’, in Anna Katharina Heiniger, Rebecca Merkelbach, Alexander Wilson, eds., Þáttasyrpa – Studien zu Literatur, Kultur und Sprache in Nordeuropa. (Beiträge zur nordischen Philologie, Bd. 71, 2022), 209-218.
  • Sandaaker, Odd, "Ágrip og Morkinskinna. Teksthistoriske randnotar." Maal og Minne (1996). 31-56.
  • Tirosh, Yoav. "Scolding the Skald: The Construction of Cultural Memory in Morkinskinna’s Sneglu-Halla þáttr." European Journal of Scandinavian Studies 47.1 (2017).

外部リンク

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