Receptorium neurotransmissoris

Structura synapsis typicae
Densitas postsynaptica Alveus calcio tensione electrica nitens Vesicula synaptica Transportator Receptorium Neurotransmissor Bulbulus terminalis Fissura synaptica Dendrita

Receptorium neurotransmissoris est receptorium cellulare membranorum neuroni locatum ac commotum substantiis aptiis enimvero non solum neurotransmissoribus, sed etiam medicamentis et moleculiis signum dantibus aliis, ut signa chemica per membranam in neuronem perveniant id ea imprimis canales iontici patefieri claudive possint.

Typi receptoriorum

Duo typi receptoriorum sunt:

• Receptoria ligando saepta sive receptoria ionotropica^[1] - receptorium neurotransmissore (ligando) et excitatum, per exemplum glutamato vel aspartato, et inhibitum, per exemplum GABA sive glycino.
• Receptoria proteino G copulata sive receptoria metabotropica^[2] - receptoriis nulla functio directa neque excitans neque inhibens habent, sed functio indirecta neurotransmissorum effectus modificans. Plurimi receptoriorum metabotropici sunt.

Receptoriorum exempla

Exempla receptoriorum neurotransmissorium sunt:^[3]

• Receptoria adrenergica: alpha (α): α_1A, α_1B, α_1D^[4], α_2A, α_2B, α_2C, α_2D; beta (β): β₁, β₂, β₃
• Receptoria dopamini: D₁, D₂, r₃, D₄, D₅
• Receptoria GABA: GABA_A, GABA_A-ρ, GABA_B1a, GABA_B1δ, GABA_B2
• Receptoria glutamati: NMDA, AMPA, kainati, mGluR₁, mGluR₂, mGluR₃, mGluR₄, mGluR₅, mGluR₆, mGluR₇, mGluR₈
• Receptoria histamini: H₁, H₂, H₃, H₄
• Receptoria acetylcholini: muscarinica: M₁, M2, M3, M4, M5; nicotinica: musculi, nervi (α-bungarotoxini-insensibile), nervi (α-bungarotoxini-sensibile)
• Receptoria opioidorum^[5]: μ, δ₁, δ₂, κ
• Receptoria serotonini^[6]: 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_1B, 5-HT_1D, 5-HT_1E, 5-HT_1F, 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2B, 5-HT_2C, 5-HT₃, 5-HT₄, 5-HT_5A, 5-HT_5B, 5-HT₆, 5-HT₇
• Receptorium glycini: glycinum

Notae

1. Anglice: Ligand-gated receptor, ionotropic receptor
2. Anglice: G Protein-coupled receptor, metabotropic receptor
3. ed. Kebabain, J. W. & Neumeyer, J. L. (1994). "RBI Handbook of Receptor Classification"
4. receptorium adrenergicum α_1C non est; explanationis vide → receptorium adrenergicum alpha-1.
5. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/opioids.php#receptors
6. HT = Hydroxytryptaminum, 5-Hydroxytryptaminum = Serotoninum

Nexus interni

• Agonista (biochemia)
• Psychopharmacologia
• Serotoninum
• Synapsis chemica

stipula

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