ᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱴᱟᱨ

ᱮᱢᱤ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱛ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱟᱴᱟᱨ (10 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1906ᱼ13 ᱢᱟᱨᱪ 1999) , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱟᱴᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱭᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱵᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱵᱟᱨᱢᱤᱝᱜᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱢᱤᱝᱜᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱑]

ᱱᱤᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱪᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱢᱤ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱞᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱒]

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤ

ᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱴᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱢᱤᱝᱜᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱡᱵᱟᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱴᱟᱨᱰ ᱮᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱛᱷᱳᱰᱤᱥᱴ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱱᱟᱢᱜᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱱᱟᱰ ᱯᱷᱞᱤᱴᱩᱰᱼᱳᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱥᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱓]

ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱮᱛᱷᱤᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱼᱲᱤᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱭᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱳᱥᱵᱷᱮᱱᱚᱨ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱢᱳᱰᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱔]

ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ

1930-1940 ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱤ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱓] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱟᱞᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱥᱤᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱔] ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱳᱯᱨᱳᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱚᱛᱢᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ "ᱥᱚᱨᱛᱤᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱟᱞᱚ ᱨᱩᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱝᱥᱟ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ, ᱚᱱᱩᱢᱟᱹᱱ, ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ, ᱯᱷᱚᱞᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱱᱰᱨᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱭᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱩᱭᱟᱹᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 1970 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱞᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱓] ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱠᱳᱞᱟᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱵᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥ ᱞᱤᱵᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱢᱚᱱ ᱣᱚᱴᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱠᱮᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ

ᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱳᱱᱤ ᱰᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱡᱤᱭᱳ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱳᱣᱴᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱟᱞᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱧᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱧᱟᱹᱜ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱼᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱖]

ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ EMMY BRIDGWATER (1906-99) Modern British Surrealist The Leicester Galleries, London
↑ Surrealism in Birmingham 1935-1954, 2000.
↑ ^᱓.᱐ ^᱓.᱑ ^᱓.᱒ Surrealism in Birmingham 1935-1954, 2000. ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; name "lostandfound" defined multiple times with different content
↑ ^᱔.᱐ ^᱔.᱑ Deepwell, Katy (1990). "Emmy Bridgwater". Women's Art Magazine. 37 – via Gale Academic OneFile. ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Obituary: Emmy Bridgwater Jeremy Jenkinson, The Independent, 26 May 1999
↑ The Uncouth Invasion (The paintings of Emmy Bridgwater), 1942

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[1] EMMY BRIDGWATER (1906-99) Modern British Surrealist The Leicester Galleries, London

[magnetic-2] Surrealism in Birmingham 1935-1954, 2000.

[lostandfound-3] ᱓.᱐ ^᱓.᱑ ^᱓.᱒ Surrealism in Birmingham 1935-1954, 2000. ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; name "lostandfound" defined multiple times with different content

[:0-4] ᱔.᱐ ^᱔.᱑ Deepwell, Katy (1990). "Emmy Bridgwater". Women's Art Magazine. 37 – via Gale Academic OneFile. ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content

[obituary-5] Obituary: Emmy Bridgwater Jeremy Jenkinson, The Independent, 26 May 1999

[6] The Uncouth Invasion (The paintings of Emmy Bridgwater), 1942

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