ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱠᱷ

ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱠᱷ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ  ᱟᱨ  ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	᱑᱘ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ	ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱭᱚᱡᱤᱨᱳ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱫᱟ
ᱧᱩᱢᱱᱟᱢ	ᱯᱮᱱᱴᱤᱝ
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ	ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱮᱠᱷ

ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢ ᱥᱮᱠᱷ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ 18 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1945) ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱫᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱱ (ᱵᱤᱡᱩᱣᱟᱞ) ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

᱘᱐ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱥᱮᱦ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱑] ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ, ᱞᱟᱠᱷᱟ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ, ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱝᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾^{[᱒][᱓][᱔]} ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 1969 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ 2017 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ 14 ᱟᱱ ᱱᱳᱴᱳᱢᱮᱱᱴ, ᱮᱛᱷᱟᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱥᱟᱼᱫᱩᱛᱚᱨᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ 2014 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱪᱤᱠᱳ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ

ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1945 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱖] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1965 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ 1971 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱫᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱡᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱯᱷᱚᱞᱚᱠᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱮᱠᱮᱞᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱗] ᱠᱟᱱᱳᱣᱟᱞ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱫᱮᱵᱭᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱡᱤ ᱥᱵᱨᱢᱨᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱤᱱᱤᱠᱛᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ, ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱫᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱘][᱙]

ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢᱼᱥᱟᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱯᱮᱱᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱘] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝᱼᱢᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱮᱨᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱯᱤᱪᱳᱣᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱝᱠᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱐]

ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ

1987-89 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱱᱟᱞᱤᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱱᱤ, ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱵᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱮᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱯᱤᱛᱟ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ 'ᱛᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱟ ᱞᱩᱠᱤᱝ ᱜᱞᱟᱥ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱼᱵᱮᱥᱤᱠ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 1979 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱣᱚᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱭᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱯᱮᱨᱳ, ᱢᱮ ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ) ᱱᱟᱞᱤᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱑]

ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ

ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱴᱮᱨᱮᱱᱼᱠᱟᱨᱟᱭᱝ ᱮᱠᱨᱟᱥ, ᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱝ ᱵᱤᱦᱤᱱᱰ, ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱞᱰ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ (2017) "ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱯᱨᱳᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱢᱮ", ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱞᱰ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱥᱠᱳᱴ ᱨᱳᱨᱰ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ 2010^{[᱑᱒][᱑᱓]} ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱠᱫᱟᱰᱤᱢᱤ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ (2010) ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱪᱤᱠᱳ (2014) ᱰᱨᱟᱣᱝ ᱴᱨᱤᱞ, ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱮᱥᱯᱮᱥ, ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ (2009) ᱾^{[᱑᱔][᱑᱕]}

ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱱᱤᱱᱫᱚᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞᱼᱫᱩᱠᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟ 14, ᱮᱛᱷᱟᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱮᱞ (2017), ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱤᱴᱤᱝ ᱵᱤᱭᱩᱴᱤ, ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱨᱮᱥᱦᱳᱞᱰ ^[᱑᱖] (2016), 48 ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ 2015, ᱵᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱮᱠᱟᱫᱮᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ^[᱑᱗] (2015), ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱵᱤᱱᱰ | ᱯᱷᱳᱴᱤᱝ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ, ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱞᱰ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱥᱠᱳᱴ ᱟᱨᱰᱤ, ᱠᱳᱞᱟᱵᱟ ^[᱑᱘] (2014), ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱰ ᱵᱤᱭᱳᱯᱮᱱ, ᱜᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱨᱪᱚᱱᱫᱟᱱᱤ + ᱥᱴᱤᱱᱨᱚᱠᱮ, ᱠᱳᱞᱟᱵᱷᱟ ^[᱑᱙] (2013) ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱴᱟᱭᱚᱢᱼ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱠᱥ ᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ, ᱵᱳᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ^[᱒᱐] (2009) ᱾

2018 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱦᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱵᱷ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱚ ᱥᱮᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴᱼᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱦ ᱟᱨᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱑]

2017 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱜᱨᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱤᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ 14 ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱩᱛᱚᱱᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱒]

2020 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱪᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱥᱮᱦ 'ᱵᱤᱭᱚᱱᱰ ᱞᱟᱥ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱓]

ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ

ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞ, ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ, ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱠᱨᱳᱞ, ᱛᱚᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ 'ᱫᱳ ᱢᱩᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱚᱞ' (1986) 'ᱢᱩᱱ ᱤᱱ ᱫᱟ ᱯᱮᱴ' (2008) 'ᱵᱞᱩ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱤᱥ' (2012) ᱟᱨ 'ᱥᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱳᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱪᱪᱮ' (2016) ᱾^[᱒᱔]

ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ

ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱫᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱧᱟᱢᱼᱟ ᱾

1980 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱫᱳᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱤᱪᱣᱟᱭ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱳᱥᱤᱯ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱳᱴᱤᱯᱷᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱢᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱒᱑]

1990 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱩᱱᱦᱩᱭᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱞ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱡᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱩᱛᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ 2011 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱩᱱᱦᱩᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱳᱞᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱕] ᱱᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱰᱩᱱᱦᱩᱭᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱥᱳᱭᱛᱨᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

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