Basilio is a name of Italian, Spanish, or Portuguese origin. It is a cognate of the English name Basil. The name may refer to:
- Basilio Augustín (1840–1910), Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines briefly in 1898
- Basilio Badillo (1885–1935), Mexican educator and politician; served briefly as Governor of Jalisco 1921–22
- Basilio Basili (1804–1895), Italian tenor and composer
- Basílio da Gama (1740–1795), Brazilian poet and Jesuit priest, writing under the pen name Termindo Sipílio
- Basilio de Bragança Pereira (born 1945), Brazilian statistician
- Basilio do Nascimento (born 1950), Roman Catholic bishop of Baucau, East Timor
- Basilio Farinha (born 1977), Portuguese politician
- Basilio Lami Dozo (1929–2017), Argentine military officer; member of the military junta ruling Argentina 1981–82
- Basilio Martín Patino (born 1930), Spanish documentary film director
- Basilio Owono (born 1999), Equatorial Guinean footballer
- Basilio Paraíso (1849–1930), Aragonese businessman and politician
- Basilio Pompili (1858–1931), Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
- Basilio Santa Cruz Pumacallao (a.k.a. Pumaqallo or Pumacalla, 1635–1710), Peruvian Quechua painter
- Basilio Villarino (1741–1785), Spanish naval officer; sailed around Cape Horn
- Basilio J. Valdes (1892-1970), Filipino Doctor, General and Minister during World War II
- Basílio (footballer) (born 1972), Brazilian footballer